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及34何蛍

madam how and lady why(裟健繁才山溺平)-及34何蛍

弌傍�� madam how and lady why(裟健繁才山溺平) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
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because   then   you   will   not   be   able   to   understand   great   things   when   you 

meet   them。     Children   who   are   not   trained   to   use   their   eyes   and   their 

common sense grow up the more miserable the cleverer they are。 

     Why�拭�

     Because     they   grow    up   what   men    call  dreamers�察    �and   bigots�察  �and 

fanatics�察�causing misery to themselves and to all who deal with them。                  So 

I say again�察�think。 

     Well�察�I suppose men must have altered the soil inside the bank。 

     Well done。     But why do you think so�拭�

     Because�察�of course�察�some one made the bank�察�and the brown soil only 

goes up to it。 

     Well�察  �that   is   something   like   common   sense。   Now   you   will   not   say 

any   more�察  �as   the   cows   or   the   butterflies   might�察  �that   the   hay´field   was 

always there。 

     And how did men change the soil�拭�

     By tilling it with the plough�察�to sweeten it�察�and manuring it�察�to make it 

rich。 

     And then did all these beautiful grasses grow up of themselves�拭�

     You ought to know that they most likely did not。              You know the new 

enclosures�拭�

     Yes。 

     Well then�察�do rich grasses come up on them�察�now that they are broken 

up�拭�

     Oh no�察�nothing but groundsel�察�and a few weeds。 

     Just what�察�I dare say�察�came up here at first。           But this land was tilled 

for corn�察 �for hundreds of years�察 �I believe。          And just   about one  hundred 

years ago it was laid down in grass�察�that is�察�sown with grass seeds。 

     And where did men get the grass seeds from�拭�

     Ah�察  �that   is   a   long   story�察  �and   one   that   shows   our   forefathers   ��though 



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they knew nothing about railroads or electricity�� were not such simpletons 

as some folks   think。      The  way it   must   have been done was this。           Men 

watched the natural pastures where cattle get fat on the wild grass�察�as they 

do in the Fens�察�and many other parts of England。                And then they saved 

the seeds of those fattening wild grasses�察�and sowed them in fresh spots。 

Often they made mistakes。          They were careless�察�and got weeds among the 

seed   like   the   buttercups�察  �which   do   so   much   harm   to   this   pasture。 Or 

they sowed on soil which would not suit the seed�察�and it died。 But at last�察�

after   many   failures�察  �they   have   grown   so   careful   and   so   clever�察  �that   you 

may send to certain shops�察�saying what sort of soil yours is�察�and they will 

send you just the seeds which will grow there�察�and no other�察�and then you 

have a good pasture for as long as you choose to keep it good。 

     And how is it kept good�拭�

     Look at all those loads of hay�察�which are  being carried off the  field。 

Do   you   think   you   can   take   all   that   away  without putting   anything   in   its 

place�拭�

     Why not�拭�

     If I took all the butter out of the churn�察�what must I do if I want more 

butter still�拭�

     Put more cream in。 

     So�察�if I want more grass to grow�察�I must put on the soil more of what 

grass is made of。 

     But the butter don't grow�察�and the grass does。 

     What does the grass grow in�拭�

     The soil。 

     Yes。    Just as the butter grows in the churn。           So you   must put fresh 

grass´stuff continually into the soil�察�as you put fresh cream into the churn。 

You have heard the farm men say�察 �That crop has taken a good deal out of 

the land;�拭�

     Yes。 

     Then     they   spoke   exact    truth。   What     will  that   hay   turn  into   by 

Christmas�拭      �Can't you tell�拭    �Into milk�察�of course�察�which you will drink�察�

and into horseflesh too�察�which you will use。 

     Use horseflesh�拭      �Not eat it�拭�



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     No�察  �we   have   not   got   as   far   as   that。 We   did   not   even   make   up   our 

minds   to   taste   the   Cambridge   donkey。       But   every   time   the   horse   draws 

the carriage�察�he uses up so much muscle�察�and that muscle he must get back 

again   by   eating   hay   and   corn�察  �and   that   hay   and   corn   must   be   put   back 

again into the land by manure�察�or there will be all the less for the horse 

next year。     For one cannot eat one's cake and keep it too�察�and no more can 

one eat one's grass。 

     So this field is a truly wonderful place。           It is no ugly pile of brick and 

mortar�察    �with   a  tall  chimney     pouring    out   smoke    and    evil  smells�察  �with 

unhealthy�察�haggard people toiling inside。             Why do you look surprised�拭�

     Becausebecause nobody ever said it was。               You mean a manufactory。 

     Well�察�and this hay´field is a manufactory�此             �only like most of Madam 

How's   workshops�察  �infinitely   more   beautiful�察  �as   well   as   infinitely   more 

crafty�察�than any manufactory of man's building。 It is beautiful to behold�察�

and healthy to work in�察�a joy and blessing alike to the eye�察�and the mind�察�

and the body�此      �and yet it is a manufactory。 

     But a manufactory of what�拭�

     Of milk of course�察�and cows�察�and sheep�察�and horses�察�and of your body 

and minefor we shall drink the milk and eat the meat。                   And therefore it 

is   a   flesh   and   milk   manufactory。    We   must   put   into   it   every   year   yard´ 

stuff�察  �tank´stuff�察  �guano�察  �bones�察  �and   anything   and   everything   of   that   kin�察�

that Madam How may cook it for us into grass�察�and cook the grass again 

into milk and meat。         But if we don't give Madam How material to work 

on�察 �we   cannot   expect   her   to   work   for   us。  And   what   do   you   think   will 

happen   then�拭     �She   will   set   to   work   for   herself。 The   rich   grasses   will 

dwindle for want of ammonia ��that is smelling salts���察�and the rich clovers 

for want of phosphates ��that is bone´earth���此             �and in their places will come 

over the bank the old weeds and grass off the moor�察�which have not room 

to   get   in   now�察  �because   the   ground   is   coveted   already。    They   want   no 

ammonia nor phosphatesat all events they have none�察�and that is why the 

cattle   on   the   moor   never   get   fat。   So   they   can   live   where   these    rich 

grasses cannot。       And then they will conquer and thrive�察�and the Field will 

turn into Wild once more。 

     Ah�察�my child�察�thank God for your forefathers�察�when you look over that 



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boundary mark。         For the difference between the Field and the Wild is the 

difference between the old England of Madam How's making�察�and the new 

England which she has taught man to make�察�carrying on what she had only 

begun and had not time to finish。 

     That moor is a pattern bit left to show what the greater part of this land 

was like for long ages after it had risen out of the sea�察�when there was little 

or nothing on the flat upper moors save heaths�察�and ling�察�and club´mosses�察�

and soft gorse�察�and needle´ whin�察�and creeping willows�察�and furze and fern 

upon the brows�察�and in the bottoms oak and ash�察�beech and alder�察�hazel 

and   mountain   ash�察  �holly   and   thorn�察  �with   here   and   there   an   aspen   or   a 

buckthorn ��berry´bearing alder as you call it���察�and everywherewhere he 

could    thrust   down   his    long   root�察 �and   thrust   up  his   long  shoots    that 

intruding conqueror and insolent tyrant�察�the bramble。                There were sedges 

and   rushes�察  �too�察  �in   the   bogs�察  �and   coarse   grass   on   the   forest   pasturesor 

;leas; as we call them to this day round here´ ´but no real green fields�察�and�察�

I suspect�察�very few gay flowers�察�save in spring the sheets of golden gorse�察�

and in summer the purple heather。            Such was old Englandor rather�察�such 

was this land before it was England�察�a far sadder�察�damper�察�poorer land than 

now。     For one man or one cow or sheep which could have lived on it then�察�

a hundred can live now。          And yet�察�what it was once�察�that it might become 

again��it surely would round here�察�if this brave English people died out of 

it�察�and the land was left to itself once more。 

     What would happen then�察�you may guess for yourself�察�from what you 

see happen whenever the land is left to itself�察�as it is in the wood above。 

In   that   wood   you   can   still   see   the   grass   ridges   and   furrows   which   show 

that it was once ploughed and sown by man�察�perhaps as late as the time of 

Henry the Eighth�察�when a great deal of poor land�察�as you will read some 

day�察  �was   thrown   out   of   tillage�察  �to   become   forest   and   down   once   more。 

And what is the mount now�拭           �A jungle of oak and beech�察�cherry and holly�察�

young and old all growing up together�察�with the mountain ash and bramble 

and furze coming up so fast beneath them�察�that we have to cut the paths 

clear   again   year   by   year。   Why�察  �even   the   little   cow´wheat�察  �a   very   old´ 

world plant�察�which only grows in ancient woods�察�has found its way back 

again�察  �I   know   not   whence�察  �and   covers   the   open   spaces   with   its   pretty 



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                               MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY 



yellow and white flowers。         Man had conquered this mount�察�you see�察�from 

Madam How�察�hundreds of years ago。                And she always lets man conquer 

her�察�because Lady Why wishes man to conquer�此                �only he must have a fair 

fight with Madam How first�察�and try

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