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madam how and lady why(裟健繁才山溺平)-及39何蛍

弌傍�� madam how and lady why(裟健繁才山溺平) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




in the west�拭     �If they got here of themselves�察�where did they come from�拭�

All outside there is sea�察�and they could not float over that。 

     Come�察�I say�察�and sit down on this bench�察�and I will tell you a tale��the 

story of the Old Atlantis�察�the sunken land in the far West。              Old Plato�察�the 

Greek�察�told legends of it�察�which you will read some day�察�and now it seems 

as if those old legends had some truth in them�察�after all。            We are standing 

now on one of the last remaining scraps of the old Atlantic land。                   Look 

down the bay。       Do you see far away�察�under�察�the mountains�察�little islands�察�

long and low�拭�

     Oh�察�yes。 

     Some of these are old slate�察�like the mountains�察�others are limestone�察�

bits of the old coral´reef to the west of Ireland which became dry land。 

     I know。     You told me about it。 

     Then that land�察�which is all eaten up by the waves now�察�once joined 

Ireland to Cornwall�察�and to Spain�察�and to the Azores�察�and I suspect to the 

Cape   of   Good   Hope�察  �and   what   is   stranger�察  �to   Labrador�察  �on   the   coast   of 

North America。 

     Oh�    �How can you know that�拭�

     Listen�察�and I will give you your first lesson in what I call Bio´ geology。 

     What a long word� �

     If you can find a shorter one I shall be very much obliged to you�察�for I 



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hate    long    words。    But     what    it  means    is��Telling   how    the   land   has 

changed   in   shape�察  �by   the   plants   and   animals   upon   it。   And   if   you   ever 

read ��as you will�� Mr。 Wallace's new book on the Indian Archipelago�察�you 

will see what wonderful discoveries men may make about such questions 

if   they  will   but   use   their   common   sense。   You   know   the   common   pink 

heatherling�察�as we call it�拭�

     Of course。 

     Then   that   ling   grows�察  �not   only   here   and   in   the   north   and   west   of 

Europe�察  �but   in   the  Azores   too�察  �and�察  �what   is   more   strange�察  �in   Labrador。 

Now�察 �as   ling   can   neither swim  nor   fly�察 �does not   common   sense tell   you 

that all those countries were probably joined together in old times�拭�

     Well�此    �but it seems so strange。 

     So   it   is�察  �my   child�察  �and   so   is   everything。 But�察  �as   the   fool   says   in 

Shakespeare ´ 

       ;A long time ago the world began�察�With heigh ho�察�the wind and the 

rain。; 

       And the wind and the rain have made strange work with the poor old 

world ever since。        And that is about all that we�察�who are not very much 

wiser than Shakespeare's fool�察�can say about the matter。                   But againthe 

London Pride grows here�察�and so does another saxifrage very like it�察�which 

we call Saxifraga Geum。            Now�察�when I saw those two plants growing in 

the    Western    Pyrenees�察    �between     France    and   Spain�察   �and   with   them    the 

beautiful   blue   butterwort�察  �which   grows   in   these   Kerry   bogswe   will   go 

and find somewhat could I say but that Spain and Ireland must have been 

joined once�拭�

     I suppose it must be so。 

     Again。     There is a little pink butterwort here in the bogs�察�which grows�察�

too�察�in dear old Devonshire and Cornwall�察�and also in the south´west of 

Scotland。      Now�察�when I found that too�察�in the bogs near Biarritz�察�close to 

the Pyrenees�察�and knew that it stretched away along the Spanish coast�察�and 

into   Portugal�察  �what   could   my   common   sense   lead   me   to   say   but   that 

Scotland�察  �and   Ireland�察  �and   Cornwall�察  �and   Spain   were   all   joined   once�拭�

Those   are   only  a   few   examples。      I   could   give   you   a   dozen   more。  For 

instance�察�on an island away there to the west�察�and only in one spot�察�there 



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                                MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY 



grows a little sort of lily�察�which is found I believe in Brittany�察�and on the 

Spanish and Portuguese heaths�察�and even in North´west Africa。 And that 

Africa     and   Spain   were    joined   not   so  very   long   ago   at  the  Straits   of 

Gibraltar there is no doubt at all。 

     But where did the Mediterranean Sea run out then�拭�

     Perhaps   it   did   not   run   out   at   all�察  �but   was   a   salt´water   lake�察  �like   the 

Caspian�察�or the Dead Sea。          Perhaps it ran out over what is now the Sahara�察�

the great desert of sand�察�for�察�that was a sea´bottom not long ago。 

     But   then�察 �how   was   this   land   of Atlantis   joined   to   the   Cape   of   Good 

Hope�拭�

     I cannot say how�察�or when either。           But this is plain�此     �the place in the 

world where the most beautiful heaths grow is the Cape of Good Hope�拭�

You   know   I   showed   you   Cape   heaths   once   at   the   nursery   gardener's   at 

home。 

     Oh yes�察�pink�察�and yellow�察�and white�察�so much larger than ours。 

     Then it seems ��I only say it seems�� as if there must have been some 

land once to the westward�察�from which the different sorts of heath spread 

south´eastward   to   the   Cape�察  �and   north´eastward   into   Europe。        And   that 

they   came   north´eastward   into   Europe   seems   certain�察  �for   there   are   no 

heaths in America or Asia。 

     But how north´eastward�拭�

     Think。     Stand     with   your   face   to  the  south   and   think。    If  a  thing 

comes   from   the   south´westfrom   there�察  �it   must   go   to   the   north´   east´ 

towards there。       Must it not�拭�

     Oh yes�察�I see。 

     Now   thenThe   farther   you   go   south´west�察  �towards   Spain�察  �the   more 

kinds   of   heath   there   are�察  �and   the   handsomer�察  �as   if   their   original   home�察�

from which they started�察�was somewhere down there。 

     More sorts�      �What sorts�拭�

     How many sorts of heath have we at home�拭�

     Three�察�of course�此      �ling�察�and purple heath�察�and bottle heath。 

     And there are no more in all England�察�or Wales�察�or Scotland�察�except 

Now�察  �listen。    In   the   very   farthest   end   of   Cornwall   there   are   two   more 

sorts�察�the Cornish heath and the Orange´bell�察�and they say ��though I never 



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saw it�� that the Orange´bell grows near Bournemouth。 

     Well。    That is south and west too。 

     So it is�此   �but that makes five heaths。         Now in the south and west of 

Ireland all these five heaths grow�察�and two more�此               �the great Irish heath�察�

with purple bells�察�and the Mediterranean heath�察�which flowers in spring。 

     Oh�察�I know them。        They grow in the Rhododendron beds at home。 

     Of course。      Now again。       If you went down to Spain�察�you would find 

all those seven heaths�察�and other sorts with them�察�and those which are rare 

in England and Ireland are common there。              About Biarritz�察�on the Spanish 

frontier�察�all the moors are covered with Cornish heath�察�and the bogs with 

Orange´bell�察�and lovely they are to see�察�and growing among them is a tall 

heath six feet high�察�which they call there bruyere�察�or Broomheath�察�because 

they make brooms of it�此�and out of its roots the ;briar´root; pipes are made。 

There are other heaths about that country�察�too�察�whose names I do not know�察�

so that   when   you   are   there�察  �you   fancy   yourself   in   the   very  home   of   the 

heaths�此    �but   you   are   not。  They   must   have   come   from   some   land   near 

where the Azores are now�察�or how could heaths have got past Africa�察�and 

the tropics�察�to the Cape of Good Hope�拭�

     It seems very wonderful�察�to be able to find out that there was a great 

land once in the ocean all by a few little heaths。 

     Not by them only�察�child。          There are many other plants�察�and animals 

too�察�which make one think that so it must have been。                And now I will tell 

you something stranger still。         There may have been a timesome people 

say that there mustwhen Africa and South America were joined by land。 

     Africa and South America�           �Was that before the heaths came here�察�or 

after�拭�

     I   cannot   tell�此�but   I   think�察  �probably   after。  But   this   is   certain�察  �that 

there   must   have   been   a   time   when   figs�察  �and   bamboos�察  �and   palms�察  �and 

sarsaparillas�察  �and   many   other   sorts   of   plants   could   get   from   Africa   to 

America�察�or the other way�察�and indeed almost round the world。                  About the 

south   of   France   and   Italy   you   will   see   one   beautiful   sarsaparilla�察  �with 

hooked      prickles�察  �zigzagging     and   twining    about   over   rocks    and   ruins�察�

trunks and stems�此       �and   when you do�察 �if you have   understanding�察�it   will 

seem as strange to you as it did to me to remember that the home of the 



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                                MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY 



sarsaparillas is not in Europe�察�but in   the forests of Brazil�察�and the  River 

Plate。 

     Oh�察  �I   have   heard   about   their   growing   there�察  �and   staining   the   rivers 

brown�察  �and   making   them   good   medicine   to   drink�此      �but   I   never   thought 

there were any in Europe。 

     There are only one or two�察�and how they got there is a marvel indeed。 

But now If there was not dry land between Africa and South America�察�

how did the cats get into America�拭           �For they cannot swim。 

     Cats�拭    �People might have brought them over。 

     Jaguars and Pumas�察�which you read of in Captain Mayne Reid's books�察�

are cats�察�and so are the Ocelots or tiger cats。 

     Oh�察�I saw them at t

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