the wars of the jews-第9部分

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e　was　constituted　procurator　of　all　Judea；　and　obtained　leave；　moreover；　to　rebuild　（12）　those　walls　of　his　country　that　had　been　thrown　down。　These　honorary　grants　Caesar　sent　orders　to　have　engraved　in　the　Capitol；　that　they　might　stand　there　as　indications　of　his　own　justice；　and　of　the　virtue　of　Antipater。　　4。　But　as　soon　as　Antipater　had　conducted　Caesar　out　of　Syria　he　returned　to　Judea；　and　the　first　thing　he　did　was　to　rebuild　that　wall　of　his　own　country　＇Jerusalem＇　which　Pompey　had　overthrown；　and　then　to　go　over　the　country；　and　to　quiet　the　tumults　that　were　therein；　where　he　partly　threatened；　and　partly　advised；　every　one；　and　told　them　that　in　case　they　would　submit　to　Hyrcanus；　they　would　live　happily　and　peaceably；　and　enjoy　what　they　possessed；　and　that　with　universal　peace　and　quietness；　but　that　in　case　they　hearkened　to　such　as　had　some　frigid　hopes　by　raising　new　troubles　to　get　themselves　some　gain；　they　should　then　find　him　to　be　their　lord　instead　of　their　procurator；　and　find　Hyrcanus　to　be　a　tyrant　instead　of　a　king；　and　both　the　Romans　and　Caesar　to　be　their　enemies；　instead　of　rulers；　for　that　they　would　not　suffer　him　to　be　removed　from　the　government；　whom　they　had　made　their　governor。　And；　at　the　same　time　that　he　said　this；　he　settled　the　affairs　of　the　country　by　himself；　because　he　saw　that　Hyrcanus　was　inactive；　and　not　fit　to　manage　the　affairs　of　the　kingdom。　So　he　constituted　his　eldest　son；　Phasaelus；　governor　of　Jerusalem；　and　of　the　parts　about　it；　he　also　sent　his　next　son；　Herod；　who　was　very　young；　（13）　with　equal　authority　into　Galilee。

5。　Now　Herod　was　an　active　man；　and　soon　found　proper　materials　for　his　active　spirit　to　work　upon。　As　therefore　he　found　that　Hezekias；　the　head　of　the　robbers；　ran　over　the　neighboring　parts　of　Syria　with　a　great　band　of　men；　he　caught　him　and　slew　him；　and　many　more　of　the　robbers　with　him；　which　exploit　was　chiefly　grateful　to　the　Syrians；　insomuch　that　hymns　were　sung　in　Herod's　commendation；　both　in　the　villages　and　in　the　cities；　as　having　procured　their　quietness；　and　having　preserved　what　they　possessed　to　them；　on　which　occasion　he　became　acquainted　with　Sextus　Caesar；　a　kinsman　of　the　great　Caesar；　and　president　of　Syria。　A　just　emulation　of　his　glorious　actions　excited　Phasaelus　also　to　imitate　him。　Accordingly；　he　procured　the　good…will　of　the　inhabitants　of　Jerusalem；　by　his　own　management　of　the　city　affairs；　and　did　not　abuse　his　power　in　any　disagreeable　manner；　whence　it　came　to　pass　that　the　nation　paid　Antipater　the　respects　that　were　due　only　to　a　king；　and　the　honors　they　all　yielded　him　were　equal　to　the　honors　due　to　an　absolute　lord；　yet　did　he　not　abate　any　part　of　that　good…will　or　fidelity　which　he　owed　to　Hyrcanus。

6。　However；　he　found　it　impossible　to　escape　envy　in　such　his　prosperity；　for　the　glory　of　these　young　men　affected　even　Hyrcanus　himself　already　privately；　though　he　said　nothing　of　it　to　any　body；　but　what　he　principally　was　grieved　at　was　the　great　actions　of　Herod；　and　that　so　many　messengers　came　one　before　another；　and　informed　him　of　the　great　reputation　he　got　in　all　his　undertakings。　There　were　also　many　people　in　the　royal　palace　itself　who　inflamed　his　envy　at　him；　those；　I　mean；　who　were　obstructed　in　their　designs　by　the　prudence　either　of　the　young　men；　or　of　Antipater。　These　men　said；　that　by　committing　the　public　affairs　to　the　management　of　Antipater　and　of　his　sons；　he　sat　down　with　nothing　but　the　bare　name　of　a　king；　without　any　of　its　authority；　and　they　asked　him　how　long　he　would　so　far　mistake　himself；　as　to　breed　up　kings　against　his　own　interest；　for　that　they　did　not　now　conceal　their　government　of　affairs　any　longer；　but　were　plainly　lords　of　the　nation；　and　had　thrust　him　out　of　his　authority；　that　this　was　the　case　when　Herod　slew　so　many　men　without　his　giving　him　any　command　to　do　it；　either　by　word　of　mouth；　or　by　his　letter；　and　this　in　contradiction　to　the　law　of　the　Jews；　who　therefore；　in　case　he　be　not　a　king；　but　a　private　man；　still　ought　to　come　to　his　trial；　and　answer　it　to　him；　and　to　the　laws　of　his　country；　which　do　not　permit　any　one　to　be　killed　till　he　hath　been　condemned　in　judgment。

7。　Now　Hyrcanus　was；　by　degrees；　inflamed　with　these　discourses；　and　at　length　could　bear　no　longer；　but　he　summoned　Herod　to　take　his　trial。　Accordingly；　by　his　father's　advice；　and　as　soon　as　the　affairs　of　Galilee　would　give　him　leave；　he　came　up　to　＇Jerusalem＇；　when　he　had　first　placed　garrisons　in　Galilee；　however；　he　came　with　a　sufficient　body　of　soldiers；　so　many　indeed　that　he　might　not　appear　to　have　with　him　an　army　able　to　overthrow　Hyrcanus's　government；　nor　yet　so　few　as　to　expose　him　to　the　insults　of　those　that　envied　him。　However；　Sextus　Caesar　was　in　fear　for　the　young　man；　lest　he　should　be　taken　by　his　enemies；　and　brought　to　punishment；　so　he　sent　some　to　denounce　expressly　to　Hyrcanus　that　he　should　acquit　Herod　of　the　capital　charge　against　him；　who　acquitted　him　accordingly；　as　being　otherwise　inclined　also　so　to　do；　for　he　loved　Herod。

8。　But　Herod；　supposing　that　he　had　escaped　punishment　without　the　consent　of　the　king；　retired　to　Sextus；　to　Damascus；　and　got　every　thing　ready；　in　order　not　to　obey　him　if　he　should　summon　him　again；　whereupon　those　that　were　evil…disposed　irritated　Hyrcanus；　and　told　him　that　Herod　was　gone　away　in　anger；　and　was　prepared　to　make　war　upon　him；　and　as　the　king　believed　what　they　said；　he　knew　not　what　to　do；　since　he　saw　his　antagonist　was　stronger　than　he　was　himself。　And　now；　since　Herod　was　made　general　of　Coelesyria　and　Samaria　by　Sextus　Caesar；　he　was　formidable；　not　only　from　the　good…will　which　the　nation　bore　him；　but　by　the　power　he　himself　had；　insomuch　that　Hyrcanus　fell　into　the　utmost　degree　of　terror；　and　expected　he　would　presently　march　against　him　with　his　army。

9。　Nor　was　he　mistaken　in　the　conjecture　he　made；　for　Herod　got　his　army　together；　out　of　the　anger　he　bare　him　for　his　threatening　him　with　the　accusation　in　a　public　court；　and　led　it　to　Jerusalem；　in　order　to　throw　Hyrcanus　down　from　his　kingdom；　and　this　he　had　soon　done；　unless　his　father　and　brother　had　gone　out　together　and　broken　the　force　of　his　fury；　and　this　by　exhorting　him　to　carry　his　revenge　no　further　than　to　threatening　and　affrighting；　but　to　spare　the　king；　under　whom　he　had　been　advanced　to　such　a　degree　of　power；　and　that　he　ought　not　to　be　so　much　provoked　at　his　being　tried；　as　to　forget　to　be　thankful　that　he　was　acquitted；　nor　so　long　to　think　upon　what　was　of　a　melancholy　nature；　as　to　be　ungrateful　for　his　deliverance；　and　if　we　ought　to　reckon　that　God　is　the　arbitrator　of　success　in　war；　an　unjust　cause　is　of　more　disadvantage　than　an　army　can　be　of　advantage；　and　that　therefore　he　ought　not　to　be　entirely　confident　of　success　in　a　case　where　he　is　to　fight　against　his　king；　his　supporter；　and　one　that　had　often　been　his　benefactor；　and　that　had　never　been　severe　to　him；　any　otherwise　than　as　he　had　hearkened　to　evil　counselors；　and　this　no　further　than　by　bringing　a　shadow　of　injustice　upon　him。　So　Herod　was　prevailed　upon　by　these　arguments；　and　supposed　that　what　he　had　already　done　was　sufficient　for　his　future　hopes；　and　that　he　had　enough　shown　his　power　to　the　nation。

10。　In　the　mean　time；　there　was　a　disturbance　among　the　Romans　about　Apamia；　and　a　civil　war　occasioned　by　the　treacherous　slaughter　of　Sextus　Caesar；　by　Cecilius　Bassus；　which　he　perpetrated　out　of　his　good…will　to　Pompey；　he　also　took　the　authority　over　his　forces；　but　as　the　rest　of　Caesar's　commanders　attacked　Bassus　with　their　whole　army；　in　order　to　punish　him　for　the　murder　of　Caesar；　Antipater　also　sent　them　assistance　by　his　sons；　both　on　account　of　him　that　was　murdered；　and　on　account　of　that　Caesar　who　was　still　alive；　both　of　which　were　their　friends；　and　as　this　war　grew　to　be　of　a　considerable　length；　Marcus　came　out　of　Italy　as　successor　to　Sextus。

CHAPTER　11。

Herod　Is　Made　Procurator　Of　All　Syria；　Malichus　Is　Afraid　Of　Him；　And　Takes　Antipater　Off　By　Poison；　Whereupon　The　Tribunes　Of　The　Soldiers　Are　Prevailed　With　To　Kill　Him。

1。　There；　was　at　this　time　a　mighty　war　raised　among　the　Romans　upon　the　sudden　and　treacherous　slaughter　of　Caesar　by　Cassius　and　Brutus；　after　he　had　held　the　government　for　three　years　and　seven　months。　（14）　Upon　this　murder　there　were　very　great　agitations；　and　the　great　men　were　mightily　at　difference　one　with　another；　and　every　one　betook　himself　to　that　party　where　they　had　the　greatest　hopes　of　their　own；　of　advancing　themselves。　Accordingly；　Cassius　came　into　Syria；　in　order　to　receive　the　forces　that　were　at　Apamia；　where　he　procured　a　reconciliation　between　Bassus　and　Marcus；　and　the　legions　which　were　at　difference　with　him；　so　he　raised　the　siege　of　Apamia；　and　took　upon　him　the　command　of　the　army；　and　went　about　exacting　tribute　of　the　cities；　and　demanding　their　money　to　such　a　degree　as　they　were　not　able　to　bear。

2。　So　he　gave　command　that　the　Jews　should　bring　in　seven　hundred　talents；　whereupon　Antipater；　out　of　his　dread　of　Cassius's　threats；　parted　the　raising　of　this　sum　among　his　sons；　and　among　others　of　his　acquaintance；　and　to　be　done　immediately；　and　among　them　he　required　one　Malichus；　who　was　at　enmity　with　him；　to　do　his　part　also；　which　necessity　forced　him　to　do。　Now　Herod；　in　the　first　place；　mitigated　the　passion　of　Cassius；　by　bringing　his　share　out　of　Galilee；　which　was　a　hundred　talents；　on　which　account　he　was　in　the　highest　favor　with　him；　and　when　he　reproached　the　rest　for　being　tardy；　he　was　angry　at　the　cities　themselves；　so　he　made　slaves　of　Gophna　and　Emmaus；　and　two　others　of　less　note；　nay；　he　proceeded　as　if　he　would　kill　Malichus；　because　he　had　not　made　greater　haste　in　exacting　his　tribute；　but　Antipater　prevented　the　ruin　of　this　man；　and　of　the　other　cities；　and　got　into　Cassius's　favor　by　bringing　in　a　hundred　talents　immediately。　（15）

3。　However；　when　Cassius　was　gone　Malichus　forgot　the　kindness　that　Antipater　had　done　him；　and　laid　frequent　plots　against　him　that　had　saved　him；　as　making　haste　to　get　him　out　of　the　way；　who　was　an　obstacle　to　his　wicked　practices；　but　Antipater　was　so　much　afraid　of　the　power　and　cunning　of　the　man；　th