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The king had a bow in his hands�察�and laid an arrow on the string�察�and aimed at Ulf。

Ulf said�察 �Shoot another way�察�king�察�where it is more needful�此�my work is thy gain。;


ENDNOTES�此。�1��  The mode of fighting in sea battles appears�察�from this and      many other descriptions�察�to have been for each party to bind      together the stems and sterns of their own ships�察�forming      them thus into a compact body as soon aa the fleets came      within fighting distance�察�or within spears' throw。  They      appear to have fought principally from the forecastles�察�and      to have used grappling irons for dragging a vessel out of      the line�察�or within boarding distance。  L。



114。 OF KING OLAF。

King Olaf stood on the Serpent's quarterdeck�察�high over the others。  He had a gilt shield�察�and a helmet inlaid with gold�察�over his armour he had a short red coat�察�and was easy to be distinguished from other men。  When King Olaf saw that the scattered forces of the enemy gathered themselves together under the banners of their ships�察�he asked�察 �Who is the chief of the force right opposite to us�拭�

He was answered�察�that it was King Svein with the Danish army。

The king replies�察 �We are not afraid of these soft Danes�察�for there is no bravery in them�察�but who are the troops on the right of the Danes�拭�

He was answered�察�that it was King Olaf with the Swedish forces。

;Better it were�察─�says King Olaf�察 �for these Swedes to be sitting at home killing their sacrifices�察�than to be venturing under our weapons from the Long Serpent。  But who owns the large ships on the larboard side of the Danes�拭�

;That is Earl Eirik Hakonson�察─�say they。

The king replies�察 �He�察�methinks�察�has good reason for meeting us�察�and we may expect the sharpest conflict with these men�察�for they are Norsemen like ourselves。;



115。 THE BATTLE BEGINS。

The kings now laid out their oars�察�and prepared to attack ��A。D。 1000��。  King Svein laid his ship against the Long Serpent。  Outside of him Olaf the Swede laid himself�察�and set his ship's stern against the outermost ship of King Olaf's line�察�and on the other side lay Earl Eirik。  Then a hard combat began。  Earl Sigvalde held back with the oars on his ships�察�and did not join the fray。  So says Skule Thorsteinson�察�who at that time was with Earl Eirik�此�

     ;I followed Sigvalde in my youth�察     �And gallant Eirik�察�and in truth      The' now I am grown stiff and old�察     �In the spear´song I once was bold。      Where arrows whistled on the shore      Of Svold fjord my shield I bore�察     �And stood amidst the loudest clash      When swords on shields made fearful crash。;

And Halfred also sings thus�此�

     ;In truth I think the gallant king�察     �Midst such a foemen's gathering�察     �Would be the better of some score      Of his tight Throndhjem lads�察�or more�察     �For many a chief has run away�察     �And left our brave king in the fray�察     �Two great kings' power to withstand�察     �And one great earl's�察�with his small band�察     �The king who dares such mighty deed      A hero for his skald would need。;



116。 FLIGHT OF SVEIN AND OLAF THE SWEDE。

This battle was one of the severest told of�察�and many were the people slain。  The forecastle men of the Long Serpent�察�the Little Serpent�察�and the Crane�察�threw grapplings and stem chains into King Svein's ship�察�and used their weapons well against the people standing below them�察�for they cleared the decks of all the ships they could lay fast hold of�察�and King Svein�察�and all the men who escaped�察�fled to other vessels�察�and laid themselves out of bow´shot。  It went with this force just as King Olaf Trygvason had foreseen。  Then King Olaf the Swede laid himself in their place�察�but when he came near the great ships it went with him as with them�察�for he lost many men and some ships�察�and was obliged to get away。  But Earl Eirik laid his ship side by side with the outermost of King Olaf's ships�察�thinned it of men�察�cut the cables�察�and let it drive。  Then he laid alongside of the next�察�and fought until he had cleared it of men also。  Now all the people who were in the smaller ships began to run into the larger�察�and the earl cut them loose as fast as he cleared them of men。  The Danes and Swedes laid themselves now out of shooting distance all around Olaf's ship�察�but Earl Eirik lay always close alongside of the ships�察�and used hid swords and battle´axes�察�and as fast as people fell in his vessel others�察�Danes and Swedes�察�came in their place。  So says Haldor�察�the Unchristian�此�

     ;Sharp was the clang of shield and sword�察     �And shrill the song of spears on board�察     �And whistling arrows thickly flew      Against the Serpent's gallant crew。      And still fresh foemen�察�it is said�察     �Earl Eirik to her long side led�察     �Whole armies of his Danes and Swedes�察     �Wielding on high their blue sword´blades。;

Then the fight became most severe�察�and many people fell。  But at last it came to this�察�that all King Olaf Trygvason's ships were cleared of men except the Long Serpent�察�on board of which all who could still carry their arms were gathered。  Then Earl Eirik lay with his ship by the side of the Serpent�察�and the fight went on with battle´axe and sword。  So says Haldor�此�

     ;Hard pressed on every side by foes�察     �The Serpent reels beneath the blows�察     �Crash go the shields around the bow�      �Breast´plates and breasts pierced thro' and thro�      �In the sword´storm the Holm beside�察     �The earl's ship lay alongside      The king's Long Serpent of the sea       Fate gave the earl the victory。;



117。 OF EARL EIRIK。

Earl Eirik was in the forehold of his ship�察�where a cover of shields ��1�� had been set up。  In the fight�察�both hewing weapons�察�sword�察�and axe�察�and the thrust of spears had been used�察�and all that could be used as weapon for casting was cast。  Some used bows�察�some threw spears with the hand。  So many weapons were cast into the Serpent�察�and so thick flew spears and arrows�察�that the shields could scarcely receive them�察�for on all sides the Serpent was surrounded by war´ships。  Then King Olaf's men became so mad with rage�察�that they ran on board of the enemies ships�察�to get at the people with stroke of sword and kill them�察�but many did not lay themselves so near the Serpent�察�in order to escape the close encounter with battle´axe or sword�察�and thus the most of Olaf's men went overboard and sank under their weapons�察�thinking they were fighting on plain ground。  So says Halfred�此�

     ;The daring lads shrink not from death�察      �O'erboard they leap�察�and sink beneath      The Serpent's keel�此�all armed they leap�察     �And down they sink five fathoms deep。      The foe was daunted at the cheers�察     �The king�察�who still the Serpent steers�察     �In such a strait  beset with foes       Wanted but some more lads like those。;


ENDNOTES�此。�1��  Both in land and sea fights the commanders appear to have      been protected from missile weapons�察 �stones�察�arrows�察     �spears�察 �by a shieldburg�此�that is�察�by a party of men      bearing shields surrounding them in such a way that the      shields were a parapet�察�covering those within the circle。       The Romans had a similar military arrangement of shields in      sieges  the testudo。  L。



118。 OF EINAR TAMBARSKELVER。

Einar Tambarskelver�察�one of the sharpest of bowshooters�察�stood by the mast�察�and shot with his bow。  Einar shot an arrow at Earl Eirik�察�which hit the tiller end just above the earl's head so hard that it entered the wood up to the arrow´shaft。  The earl looked that way�察�and asked if they knew who had shot�察�and at the same moment another arrow flew between his hand and his side�察�and into the stuffing of the chief's stool�察�so that the barb stood far out on the other side。  Then said the earl to a man called Fin�察 �but some say he was of Fin ��Laplander�� race�察�and was a superior archer�察  �Shoot that tall man by the mast。;  Fin shot�察�and the arrow hit the middle of Einar's bow just at the moment that Einar was drawing it�察�and the bow was split in two parts。

;What is that。;cried King Olaf�察 �that broke with such a noise�拭�

;Norway�察�king�察�from thy hands�察─�cried Einar。

;No�  �not quite so much as that�察─�says the king�察 �take my bow�察�and shoot�察─�flinging the bow to him。

Einar took the bow�察�and drew it over the head of the arrow。  ;Too weak�察�too weak�察─�said he�察 �for the bow of a mighty king� ─�and�察�throwing the bow aside�察�he took sword and shield�察�and fought Valiantly。



119。 OLAF GIVES HIS MEN SHARP SWORDS。

The king stood on the gangways of the Long Serpent。 and shot the greater part of the day�察�sometimes with the bow�察�sometimes with the spear�察�and always throwing two spears at once。  He looked down over the ship's sides�察�and saw that his men struck briskly with their swords�察�and yet wounded but seldom。  Then he called aloud�察 �Why do ye strike so gently that ye seldom cut�拭─ �One among the people answered�察 �The swords are blunt and full of notches。;  Then the king went down into the forehold�察�opened the chest under the throne�察�and took out many sharp swords�察�which he handed to his men�察�but as he stretched down his right hand with them�察�some observed that blood was running down under his steel glove�察�but no one knew where he was wounded。



120。 THE SERPENT BOARDED。

Desperate was the defence in the Serpent�察�and there was the heaviest destruction of men done by the forecastle crew�察�and those of the forehold�察�for in both places the men were chosen men�察�and the ship was highest�察�but in the middle of the ship the people were thinned。  Now when Earl Eirik saw there were but few people remaining beside the ship's mast�察�he determined to board�察�and he entered the Serpent with four others。  Then came Hyrning�察�the king's brother´in´law�察�and some others against him�察�and there was the most severe combat�察�and at last the earl was forced to leap back on board his own ship again�察�and some who had accompanied him were killed�察�and others wounded。  Thord Kolbeinson alludes to this�此�

     ;On Odin's deck�察�all wet with blood�察     �The helm´adorned hero stood�察     �And gallant Hyrning honour gained�察     �Clearing all round with sword deep stained。      The high mountain peaks shall fall�察     �Ere men forget this to recall。;

Now the fight became hot indeed�察�and many men fell on board the Serpent�察�a

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