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。　　Moreover　he　has　translated　the　sacred　Name　by　the　　character　which　the　Chinese　are　in　the　habit　of　bestowing　on　the　　spirits　whose　idols　they　worship；　and　which　is　by　no　means　　applicable　to　the　one　great　God；　whom　the　missionaries　of　the　Greek　　and　Roman　Churches　for　want　of　an　equivalent　in　Chinese　have　always　　styled；　and　with　justice　＇three　Chinese　characters＇　（TIEN　TSZ　　HWANG）；　or　King　of　Heaven。　　The　Holy　Ghost；　he　renders　by　TCHING　　FUNG；　or　Holy　Wind；　which　is　a　Hebraism；　and　which　can　scarcely　be　　understood　by　the　Chinese。　　In　Lipoftsoff's　Mandchou　version　it　is　　happily　translated　by　the　Holy　Spirit。　　You　will　recollect　that　on　　my　second　return　to　Spain　you　requested　me　to　look　into　Morrison's　　Testament；　on　which　account　I　shall　offer　no　excuse　for　these　　trifling　remarks。

Do　me　the　favour；　my　dear　Sir；　to　inform　Mr。　Hitchin　that　within　a　　day　or　two　I　shall　send　him　another　account　of　money　received　and　　disbursed。　　I　hope　you　forwarded　the　packet　containing　the　life　of　　Ripoll　to　Mr。　Forster。　…　Having　now　said　my　say　for　the　present；　I　　have　the　honour　to　remain；　Revd。　and　dear　Sir；

Your　most　obedient　humble　servant；

GEORGE　BORROW。



LETTER：　2nd　May；　1839



To　the　Rev。　A。　Brandram。　（ENDORSED：　recd。　May　21；　1839）　SEVILLE；　SPAIN；　MAY　2；　1839。

REVD。　AND　DEAR　SIR；　…　I　have　been　in　Seville　one　week。　　Perhaps　on　　learning　this　you　will　be　disposed　to　demand　the　reason　of　my　not　　having　written　previously　to　this；　knowing；　as　I　do；　the　anxiety　of　　my　friends　to　know　the　fate　of　their　adventurer　in　his　wanderings　　in　wild　Spain；　but　believe　me　that　I　had　several　reasons　for　　deferring；　the　principal　being　an　unconquerable　aversion　to　writing　　blank　letters。　　At　present　I　have　something　to　communicate　besides　　my　arrival；　indeed　one　or　two　odd　things。　　The　courier　and　myself　　came　all　the　way　without　the　slightest　accident；　my　usual　wonderful　　good　fortune　accompanying　us。　I　may　well　call　it　wonderful。　　I　was　　not　aware　when　I　resolved　to　venture　with　the　mail　that　I　was　　running　into　the　den　of　the　lion；　the　whole　of　La　Mancha　with　the　　exception　of　a　few　fortified　places　being　once　more　in　the　hands　of　　Pollillos　and　his　banditti；　who　whenever　it　pleases　them；　stop　the　　courier；　burn　the　vehicle　and　letters；　murder　the　paltry　escort　　which　attends；　and　carry　away　any　chance　passenger　to　the　　mountains；　where　an　enormous　ransom　is　demanded；　which　if　not　paid；　　brings　on　the　dilemma　of　four　shots　through　the　head；　as　the　　Spaniards　say。　　The　upper　part　of　Andalusia　is　becoming　rapidly　　nearly　as　bad　as　La　Mancha。　　The　last　time　the　courier　had　passed；　　he　was　attacked　at　the　defile　of　La　Rumblar　by　six　mounted　robbers；　　he　was　guarded　by　an　escort　of　as　many　soldiers；　but　the　former　　suddenly　galloped　from　behind　a　solitary　VENTA　and　dashed　the　　soldiers　to　the　ground；　who　were　taken　quite　by　surprise；　the　hoofs　　of　the　robbers'　horses　making　no　noise　on　account　of　the　great　　quantity　of　mud。　　The　soldiers　were　instantly　disarmed　and　bound　to　　olive…trees；　with　the　exception　of　two　who　escaped　amongst　the　　rocks；　they　were　then　mocked　and　tormented　by　the　robbers；　or　　rather　fiends；　for　nearly　half　an　hour；　when　they　were　shot；　the　　head　of　the　corporal　who　commanded　being　blown　to　fragments　with　a　　blunderbuss。　　The　robbers　then　burnt　the　coach；　which　they　　accomplished　by　igniting　the　letters　by　means　of　the　tow　with　which　　they　light　their　cigars。　　The　life　of　the　courier　was　saved　by　one　　of　them　who　had　formerly　been　his　postillion；　he　was；　however；　　robbed　and　stripped。　　As　we　passed　by　the　scene　of　the　butchery　the　　poor　fellow　burst　into　tears；　and；　though　a　Spaniard；　cursed　Spain　　and　the　Spaniards；　saying　that　he　shortly　intended　to　pass　over　to　　Morocco　to　confess　Mahomet　and　to　learn　the　Law　of　the　Moors；　for　　that　any　country　and　religion　was　better　than　his　own。　　He　pointed　　to　the　tree　where　the　corporal　had　been　tied；　though　much　rain　had　　fallen　since；　the　ground　around　was　still　saturated　with　blood；　and　　a　dog　was　gnawing　a　piece　of　the　unfortunate　wretch's　skull。　　A　　friar　travelled　with　us　the　whole　way　from　Madrid　to　Seville；　he　　was　OF　THE　MISSIONARIES；　and　was　going　to　the　Philippine　Islands　to　　conquer　（PARA　CONQUISTAR）；　for　such　was　his　word；　by　which　I　　suppose　he　meant　preaching　to　the　Indians。　　During　the　whole　　journey　he　exhibited　every　symptom　of　the　most　abject　fear；　which　　operated　upon　him　so　that　he　became　deadly　sick；　so　that　we　were　　obliged　to　stop　twice　in　the　road　and　lay　him　amongst　the　green　　corn。　　He　said　that　if　he　fell　into　the　hands　of　the　factious　he　　was　a　lost　priest；　for　that　they　would　first　make　him　say　mass　and　　then　blow　him　up　with　gunpowder。　　He　had　been　a　professor　of　　philosophy；　as　he　told　me；　in　one　of　the　convents　（I　think　it　was　　San　Tomas）　of　Madrid；　before　their　suppression；　but　appeared　to　be　　grossly　ignorant　of　the　Scripture；　which　he　confounded　with　the　　works　of　Virgil。

We　stopped　at　Manzanares　as　usual；　it　was　Sunday　morning　and　the　　market　was　crowded　with　people。　　I　was　recognised　in　a　moment；　and　　twenty　pairs　of　legs　instantly　hurried　away　in　quest　of　the　　prophetess；　who　presently　made　her　appearance　in　the　house　to　which　　we　had　retired　to　breakfast。　　After　many　greetings　on　both　sides；　　she　proceeded　in　her　admirable　Latin　to　give　me　an　account　of　all　　that　had　occurred　in　the　village　since　I　had　last　been　there；　and　　of　the　atrocities　of　the　factious　in　the　neighbourhood。　　I　asked　　her　to　breakfast　and　introduced　her　to　the　friar　whom　she　addressed　　in　this　manner；　ANNE　DOMINE　REVERENDISSIME　FACIS　ADHUC　SACRIFICIUM？　　　But　the　friar　did　not　understand　her；　and　waxing　angry　　anathematized　her　for　a　witch　and　bade　her　begone。　　She　was　however　　not　to　be　disconcerted；　and　commenced　singing　in　extemporary　　Castilian　verse　the　praises　of　friars　and　religious　houses　in　　general。　　On　departing　I　gave　her　a　PESETA；　upon　which　she　burst　　into　tears　and　entreated　that　I　would　write　to　her　if　I　reached　　Seville　in　safety。

We　did　arrive　at　Seville　in　safety；　and　I　took　leave　of　the　friar　　telling　him　that　I　hoped　to　meet　him　again　at　Philippi。　　I　must　now　　be　brief。　　In　a　few　days　Antonio　arrived　with　the　horses。　　　Difficulties　now　began　to　show　themselves。　　All　the　Testaments　were　　stopped　at　the　custom　house；　they　were　contained　in　two　large　　chests：　　but　I　now　know　Spain　and　the　Spaniards。　　For　a　few　dollars　　I　procured　a　FIADOR　or　person　who　engaged　THAT　THE　CHESTS　should　be　　carried　down　the　river　and　embarked　at　San　Lucar　for　a　foreign　　land。　　Yesterday　I　hired　a　boat　and　sent　them　down；　but　on　the　way　　I　landed　in　a　secure　place　all　the　Testaments　which　I　intend　for　　this　part　of　the　country。　　The　chests　therefore；　with　the　copies　　required　for　Tangiers　and　England；　with　the　hundred　Gospels　in　　Gitano　and　Basque　for　the　Library　of　the　Bible　Society；　are　at　　present　at　San　Lucar　in　the　custom　house；　from　which　I　expect　to　　receive　to…morrow　the　receipt　which　the　authorities　here　demand；　　and　which　will　be　necessary　for　the　security　of　my　voucher。　　Indeed　　the　whole　affair；　though　attended　with　considerable　trouble　and　　expense　to　me；　was　a　mere　formality；　as　I　was　given　to　understand。　　　I　was　myself　treated　with　the　greatest　politeness；　and　was　told　　that　my　intentions　were　known　and　honoured。　　Late　last　night　　Antonio　and　myself　returned　from　an　excursion　on　foot；　bringing　　beneath　our　cloaks；　as　if　they　were　smuggled　goods；　a　considerable　　number　of　Testaments；　our　path　lay　along　the　banks　of　the　　Guadalquivir；　the　rain　poured　and　the　river　roared；　and　by　the　time　　we　reached　Seville　we　were　wet　through　and　covered　with　mud　from　　head　to　foot。　　To…day　I　am　laid　up；　being　so　STIFF　and　sore　that　I　　can　hardly　move；　but　anything　for　the　Gospel's　sake。

It　is　my　opinion；　and　I　am　not　one　of　those　who　hazard　an　opinion　　rashly；　that　much　may　be　accomplished　in　this　place；　which；　though　　by　no　means　the　most　populous　and　wealthy；　is　the　most　interesting　　town　in　all　Spain；　and　stands　beneath　the　most　glorious　heaven；　and　　amidst　the　most　delightful　environs；　but　to　effect　anything；　　patience　must　be　exhibited　and　prudence　employed；　and　much　of　both。　　　Consider　my　situation　here。　　I　am　in　a　city　by　nature　very　　Levitical；　as　it　contains　within　it　the　most　magnificent　and　　splendidly　endowed　cathedral　of　any　in　Spain。　　I　am　surrounded　by　　priests　and　friars；　who　know　and　hate　me；　and　who；　if　I　commit　the　　slightest　act　of　indiscretion；　will　halloo　their　myrmidons　against　　me。　　The　press　is　closed　to　me；　the　libraries　are　barred　against　　me；　I　have　no　one　to　assist　me　but　my　hired　servant；　no　pious　　English　families　to　comfort　or　encourage　me；　the　British　subjects　　here　being　ranker　papists　and　a　hundred　times　more　bigoted　than　the　　Spanish　themselves；　the　consul　a　RENEGADE　QUAKER。　　Yet　　notwithstanding；　with　God's　assistance　I　will　do　much；　though　　silently；　burrowing　like　the　mole　in　darkness　beneath　the　ground。　　　Those　who　have　triumphed　in　Madrid；　and　in　the　two　Castiles　where　　the　difficulties　were　seven　times　greater；　are　not　to　be　dismayed　　by　priestly　frowns　at　Seville。　　All　I　dread　is　the　imprudence　of　　very　excellent　people；　whose　aim　is　good；　but　who　are　doing　exactly　　what　is　calculated　to　further　the　views　of　the　enemy。　　I　wish　they　　could　be　brought　to　see　the　absolute　necessity　of　changing　their　　system。　　I　suppose　you　heard　of　the　affair　of　Cadiz。

I　have　of　late　written　several　letters　home；　which　I　wish　may　have　　been　received　as　they　contain　information　which　I　think　will　be　　considered　of　importance；　nevertheless　as　the　road　to　France　has　　for　some　time　past　been　in　the　hands　of　the　Carlists；　it　is　very　　possible　that　they　may　have　miscarried。　　I　shall　therefore　take　the　　liberty　of　telling　you　that　about　a　thousand　Testaments　have　been　　sold；　and　all　the　Bibles；　to　the　amount　of　463；　since　my　return　to　　the　Peninsula。　　I　shall　be　happy　to　receive　a　letter　from　you　as　　soon　as　possible：　　you　can　direct　either　to　my　lodgings　at　Madrid；　　or　to　Posada　de　la　Reyna；　Calle　Gimios；　Sevilla。

Pray　excuse　this　letter；　it　is　badly　written；　with　a　bad　pen　and　　with　bad　ink。　　I　am　moreover　sick　and　in　pain。　　Present　my　respects　　to　Mr。　Jowett；　Mr。　Browne；　and　all　friends；　not　forgetting　Dr。　　Steinkopff；　to　whom　I　shortly　hope　t