history of friedrich ii of prussia v 19-第14部分

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〃A　strenuous　thing；　this　of　Wolfe's；　though　an　unsuccessful。　Towards　evening；　the　end　of　it；　all　Quebec　assembled　on　the　southern　ramparts；　witnessing　with　intense　interest；　the　sublime　Falls　of　Montmorenci　gushing　on；　totally　indifferent。　For　about　a　month　past；　General　Wolfe；　with　the　proper　equipments；　and　about　10；000　men；　naval　and　military；　who　was　expressly　selected　by　Pitt　to　besiege　Quebec；　and　is　dying　to　succeed；　has　been　trying　every　scheme　to　get　into　contact　with　it：to　no　purpose；　so　lofty；　chasmy；　rocky　is　the　ground；　cut　by　mountainous　precipices　and　torrent　streams；　branches　of　the　grand　St。　Lawrence　River；　so　skilfully　taken　advantage　of　by　Montcalm　and　his　people；　who　are　at　home　here；　and　in　regulars　nearly　equal　Wolfe；　not　to　speak　of　Savages　and　Canadians；　Wolfe's　plan　of　the　31st　was　not　ill　laid；　and　the　execution　has　been　zealous；　seamen　and　landsmen　alike　of　willing　mind；but　it　met　with　accidents。　Accidents　in　boating；　then　a　still　worse　accident　on　landing；　the　regiment　of　grenadiers；　which　crossed　below　the　Falls；　having；　so　soon　as　landed；　rushed　off　on　the　redoubt　there　on　their　own　score；　without　waiting　for　the　two　brigades　that　were　to　cross　and　co…operate　ABOVE　the　Falls！　Which　cut　Wolfe　to　the　heart；　and　induced　him；　especially　as　the　tide　was　making　again；　to　give　up　the　enterprise　altogether；　and　recall　everybody；　while　it　was　yet　time。　＇　Gentleman's　Magazine　　for　1759；　pp。　470…473；　Thackeray；　i。　488。＇　Wolfe　is　strict　in　discipline；　loves　the　willing　mind；　none　more；　and　can　kindle　it　among　those　about　him；　but　he　loves　discipline　withal；　and　knows　how　fatal　the　too　willing　may　be。　For　six　weeks　more　there　is　toil　on　the　back　of　toil　everywhere　for　poor　Wolfe。　He　falls　into　fevers；　into　miseries；　almost　into　broken　heart；　nothing　sure　to　him　but　that　of　doing　his　own　poor　utmost　to　the　very　death。　After　six　weeks；　we　shall　perhaps　hear　of　him　again。　Gliding　swiftly　towards　death；　but　also　towards　victory　and　the　goal　of　all　his　wishes。〃

And　now；　after　this　flight　half　round　the　world；　it　is　time　we　return　to　Oder　Country；　and　a　Friedrich　on　the　edge　of　formidable　things　there。　Next　day　after　Beeskow；　where　we　left　him；　he　duly　arrived　at　Mullrose；　was　joined　by　Wedell　there；　August　6th；　and　is　now　at　Wulkow；〃encamped　between　Lebus　and　Wulkow；〃　as　we　hear　elsewhere；quite　in　the　environs　of　Frankfurt　and　of　great　events。


FRIEDRICH　TO　GRAF　VON　FINKENSTEIN　（Second　Note）。

WULKOW；　8th　August；　1759。

〃If　you　hear　of　firing　to…morrow；　don't　be　surprised；　it　is　our　rejoicing　for　the　Battle　of　Minden。　I　believe　I　shall　have　to　keep　you　in　suspense　some　days　yet。　I　have　many　arrangements　to　make；　I　find　great　difficulties　to　surmount；and　it　is　required　to　save　our　Country；　not　to　lose　it：　I　ought　both　to　be　more　prudent　and　more　enterprising　than　ever。　In　a　word；　I　will　do　and　undertake　whatever　I　find　feasible　and　possible。　With　all　that；　I　see　myself　in　the　necessity　of　making　haste；　to　check　the　designs　Haddick　may　have　on　Berlin。　Adieu；　MON　CHER。　In　a　little；　you　will　have　either　a　DE　PROFUNDIS　or　a　TE　DEUM。F。〃　＇　OEuvres　de　Frederic；　　xxv。　305；　306。＇



Chapter　IV。

BATTLE　OF　KUNERSDORF。

Sunday；　July　29th；　at　Frankfurt…on…Oder　divine　worship　was　broken　in　upon；　and　the　poor　City　thrown　into　consternation；　by　actual　advent；　or　as　good　as　advent；　of　the　Russians：　〃On　the　Crossen　road；　close　by；　coming；　come！〃　And　they　did　undeniably　appear；　next　morning；　in　force；　on　the　opposite；　eastern　or　Kunersdorf　side　of　the　River；　on　the　top　of　the　Oder…Dam　there；　and　demanded　instant　admission；　under　penalty　of　general　death　by　fire。

Within　the　Town　stood　Major　Arnim；　a　Veteran　of　those　parts；　with　400　militia；　these；　with　their　muskets　and　with　two　cannon；　are　the　only　defence　of　Frankfurt；　The　Town　has　Gates；　but　its　walls；　I　doubt；　are　mainly　garden…walls　and　house…walls。　On　the　eastern　side；　the　River；　especially　if　you　have　cannon　on　the　Bridge；　gives　it　somethiug　of　protection；　but　on　the　western　and　all　other　sides；　it　is　overhung　by　heights。　This　Frankfurt；　like　its　bigger　Namesake　on　the　Mayn；　is　known　as　a　busy　trading　place；　its　Fairs　much　frequented　in　those　Eastern　parts；　and　is　believed　by　the　Russians　to　be　far　richer　than　it　is。　The　reader；　as　there　happens　to　be　ocular　testimony　extant；　＇Johann　Zudwig　Kriele；　SCHLACHT　BEI　KUNERSDORF；　MIT　&C。　（Berlin；　1801）。　Kriele　was　subsequent　Pastor　in　the　Parish；　an　excellent　intelligent　man：　has　compiled　in　brief　form；　with　an　elaborate　Chart　too；　a　clear　account　of　everything；　in　the　Battle　and　before　and　after　it。＇　may　like　to　see　a　little　how　they　behaved　there。

〃Arnim；　taking　survey　of　the　Russian　Party；　values　it；　or　what　he　can　see　of　it；　at　1；000　＇they　really　were　6；000＇；　keeps　his　Drawbridge　up；　and　answers　stoutly　enough；　'No。'　Upon　which；　from　the　Oder…Dam；　there　flies　off　one　fiery　grenado；　one　and　no　more；　which　alighted　in　the　house　of　'Mrs。　Thielicke；　a　Baker's　Widow；　who　was　standing　at　the　door；'killed　poor　Mrs。　Thielicke；　blew　the　house　considerably　to　wreck；　but　did　not　set　fire　to　it。　Amim；　all　the　Magistrates　entreating　him　for　the　love　of　Heaven　to　leave　them；　is　secretly　shoving　off　his　two　cannon　to　the　Northern　Gate；　and　in　fact　is　making　his　packages　with　full　speed：　'Push　for　Custrin；'　thinks　Arnim；　and　save　selves　and　cannon；　since　no　good　is　to　be　done　here！'

〃It　was　about　11　A。M。　when　the　Thielicke　grenado　fell：　obstinate　Arnim　would　by　no　means　go；　only　packed　all　the　faster。　A　second　summons　came：　still；　No。　For　the　third　and　last　time　the　Russians　then　summon：　'Grenadoes；　a　hundred　more　of　them　lie　ready；　unless！'　'We　will；　we　will；　O　merciful　servant　of　Czarish　Majesty！'　passionately　signify　the　Magistrates。　But　Arnim　is　still　negative；　still　keeps　the　Bridge　up。　One　of　the　hundred　does　go；　by　way　of　foretaste：　this　lighted　'near　the　Ober　Kirche；　in　the　chimney　of　the　Town　Musikus；'　brought　the　chimney　crashing　down　on　him　＇fancy　a　man　with　some　fineness　of　ear＇；　tore　the　house　a　good　deal　to　pieces；　but　again　did　not　set　it　on　fire。　'Your　obstinate　Town　can　be　bombarded；　then；cannot　it？'　observed　the　Russian　Messenger。'Give　us　Free　Withdrawal！'　proposes　Amim。　'No；　you　to　be　Prisoners　of　War；　Town　at　Czarish　Majesty's　discretion。'　'Never；'　answers　Arnim　（to　the　outward　ear）。'Go；　oh；　for　the　love　of　Heaven；　go！'　cry　all　Official　people。

〃Arnim；　deaf　to　clamor；　but　steadily　diligent　in　getting　ready；　does　at　last　go；　through　the　Lebus　Suburb；　quick　march；　steady；　yet　at　his　best　step；taking　the　Town…keys　in　his　pocket；　and　leaving　the　Drawbridge　up。　One　is　sorry　for　poor　Arnim　and　his　400　Militia；　whose　conduct　was　perfect；　under　difficulties　and　alarms；　but　proved　unsuccessful。　The　terrified　Magistrates；　finding　their　Keys　gone；　and　the　conflagrative　Russians　at　their　gates；　got　blacksmiths　on　the　instant；　smote　down；　by　chisel　and　mallet；　the　locked　Drawbridge；　smote　open　the　Gates：　'Enter；　O　gracious　Sirs；　and　may　Czarish　Majesty　have　mercy　on　us！'　So　that　Arnim　had　small　start　for　marchers　on　foot；　and　was　overtaken　about　half…way。　Would　not　yield　still；　though　the　odds　were　overwhelming；　drew　himself　out　on　the　best　ground　discoverable；　made　hot　resistance；　hot　and　skilful；　but　in　vain。　About　six　in　the　evening；　Arnim　and　Party　were　brought　back；　Prisoners；　to　Frankfurt　again；　self；　surviving　men；　cannons　and　all　（self　in　a　wounded　state）；　and　'were　locked　in　various　Brew…houses；'　little　of　careful　surgery；　I　should　fear。　Poor　Arnim；　man　could　do　no　more；　and　he　has　been　unfortunate。〃　

It　is　by　no　means　our　intention　to　describe　the　Iliad　of　miseries；　the　agitations；　terrors　and　disquietudes；　the　tribulation　and　utter　harrowing　to　despair；　which　poor　Frankfurt　underwent；　incessantly　from　that　day　forward；　for　about　five　weeks　to　come。　〃The　furnishings　of　victual　＇Russian　stock　quite　out＇　were　to　an　inconceivable　amount；　surrender　of　arms；　of　linens；　cloths；　of　everything　useful　to　a　hungry　Army；　above　all　things；　of　horses；　so　that　at　last　there　were　but　four　horses　left　in　all　Frankfurt；　and〃But　we　must　not　go　into　details。

〃On　the　second　day；　besides　all　this；〃　what　will　be　significant　of　it　all；　〃there　was　exacted　'ransom　of　600；000　thalers　（90；000　pounds）；　or　you　shall　be　delivered　to　the　Cossacks！'　Frankfurt　has　not　above　12；000　inhabitants　within　its　bounds；　here　is　a　sudden　poll…tax　of　7　pounds　10s。　per　head。　Frankfurt　has　not　such　a　sum；　the　most　rigorous　collection　did　not　yield　above　the　tenth　part　of　it。　And　more　than　once　those　sanguinary　vagabonds　were　openly　drawn　out；　pitch…link　in　hand：　'The　90；000　pounds　or！'　Civic　Presidency　Office　in　Frankfurt　was　not　a　bed　of　roses。　The　poor　Magistrates　rushed　distractedly　about；　wrung　out　moneys　to　the　last　drop；　moneys；　and　in　the　end　plate　from　those　that　had　it；　went　in　tearful　deputation　to　General　Soltikof；a　severe　proud　kind　of　man；　capable　perhaps　of　being　flattered；who　usually　locked　them　up　instead。　Magistrates　were　locked　in　Russian　ward；　at　one　time；　for　almost　a　week；　sat　in　the　blazing　sun；　if　you　try　for　the　shade　of　a　tree；　the　sentry　handles　arms　upon　you；and　were　like　to　die。　To　me；　Kriele；　it　is　a　miracle　how　the　most　of　us　lived；　nay　we　never　really　wanted　food；　so　kind　was　Providence；　so　generous　our　poor　neighbors　out　of　all　the　Towns　round。　The　utmost　of　money　that　could　be　raised　was　6；000　pounds；　nothing　but　some　little　of　plate；　and　our　Bill　for　the　remainder。　Soltikof；　a　high　kind　of　gentleman；　saw　at　last　how　it　stood；　let　the　Magistrates　out　of　ward；　sent　back　the　plate'Nothing　of　that！'nay；　Czarish　Majesty　was　herself　generous；　and　FORGAVE　the　Bill；　on　our　petition；　next　Year。　Cossacks；　indeed；　were　a　plunderous　wild　crew；　but　the　Russians　kept　them　mostly　without　the　gates。　The　regular　Russians　were　civil　and　orderly；　officers　and　men；greatly　beyond　the　Austrians　in　behavior。〃　＇Kriele；　　Schlacht　bei　Kunersdorf；　　pp。　1…15　（in　compressed　state）。＇　By　these　few　traits　conceive　Frankfurt：　this；　now　forgotten　in　most　books；　is　a　background　on　which　things　were　transacted　still　memorable　to　everybody。

〃Friday；　August　3d；　General　Loudon　came　to　hand：　arrived　early；　in　the　Guben　（or　Western）　Suburb；　his　18；000　and　he。　In　high　spirits　naturally；　and　somewha