history of friedrich ii of prussia v 19-第37部分

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Finck；　truer　to　the　letter　than　to　the　spirit；　determined　to　remain。　Did；　all　that　Monday；　his　best　to　prepare　himself；　called　in　his　outposts　（〃Was　not　I　ordered？〃　thinks　Finck；　too　literally）；　and　sees　his　multitudes　of　enemies　settle　round　him；Daun　alone　has　27；000　men；　who　take　camp　at　Dippoldiswalde；　and　in　sum…total　they　are　as　4　to　1　of　Finck：a　Finck　still　resolute　of　face；　though　internally　his　thoughts　may　be　haggard　enough。　Doubtless　he　hopes；　too；　that　Friedrich　will　do　something：unaware　that　none　of　his　messages　reach　Friedrich。　As　for　Daun；　having　seen　his　people　safely　encamped　here；　he　returns　to　Dresden　for　the　night；　to　see　that　Friedrich　is　quiet。　Friedrich　is　quiet　enough：　Daun；　at　seven　next　morning　（TUESDAY；　20th）；　appeared　on　the　ground　again；　and　from　all　sides　Finck　is　assaulted；from　Daun's　side　nearest　and　soonest；　with　Daun's　best　vigor。

Dippoldiswalde　is　some　seven　miles　from　Maxen。　Difficult　hill…road　all　the　way：　but　the　steepest；　straitest　and　worst　place　is　at　Reinhartsgrimma；　the　very　first　Hamlet　after　you　are　out　of　Dippoldiswalde。　There　is　a　narrow　gullet　there；　overhung　with　heights　all　round。　The　roads　are　slippery；　glazed　with　sleet　and　frost；　Cavalry；　unroughened；　make　sad　sliding　and　sprawling；　hardly　the　Infantry　are　secure　on　their　feet：　a　terrible　business　getting　masses　of　artillery…wagons；　horse　and　man；　through　such　a　Pass！　It　is　thought；　had　Finck　garnished　this　Pass　of　Reinhartsgrimma；　with　the　proper　batteries；　the　proper　musketries；　Daun　never　would　have　got　through。　Finck　had　not　a　gun　or　a　man　in　it：　〃Had　not　I　order？〃　said　he；again　too　literally。　As　it　was；　Daun；　sliding　and　sprawling　in　the　narrow　steeps；　had　difficulties　almost　too　great；　and；　they　say；　would　have　given　it　up；　had　it　not　been　that　a　certain　Major　urged；　〃Can　be　done；　Excellenz；　and　shall！〃　and　that　the　temper　of　his　soldiers　was　everywhere　excellent。　Unfortunate　Finck　had　no　artillery　to　bear　on　Daun's　transit　through　the　Pass。　Nothing　but　some　weak　body　of　hussars　and　infantry　stood　looking　into　it；　from　the　Hill　of　Hausdorf：　even　these　might　have　given　him　some　slight　hindrance；　but　these　were　played　upon　by　endless　Pandours；　〃issuing　from　a　wood　near　by；〃　with　musketries；　and　at　length　with　cannon　batteries；　one　and　another；and　had　to　fall　back；　or　to　be　called　back；　to　Maxen　Hill；　where　the　main　force　is。

In　the　course　of　yesterday；　by　continual　reconnoitring；　by　Austrian　deserters；　and　intense　comparison　of　symptoms；　Finck　had　completely　ascertained　where　the　Enemy's　Three　Attacks　were　to　be；〃on　Maxen；　from　Dippoldiswalde；　Trohnitz；　Dohna；　simultaneously　three　attacks；〃　it　appears；and　had　with　all　his　skill　arranged　himself　on　the　Maxen　summits　to　meet　these。　He　stands　now　elaborately　divided　into　Three　groups　against　those　Three　simultaneities；　forming　（sadly　wide　apart；　one　would　say；　for　such　a　force　as　Finck's）　a　very　obtuse…angled　triangle：the　obtuse　vertex　of　which　（if　readers　care　to　look　on　their　Map）　is　Trohnitz；　the　road　Brentano　and　Sincere　are　coming。　On　the　base…angles；　Maxen　and　Dohna；　Finck　expects　Daun　and　the　Reich。　From　Trohnitz　to　Maxen　is　near　two　miles；　from　Maxen　to　Dohna　above　four。　At　Dohna　stands　Wunsch　against　the　Reich；　Finck　himself　at　Maxen；　expecting　Daun；　as　the　pith　of　the　whole　affair。　In　this　triangular　way　stands　Finck　at　the　topmost　heights　of　the　country；〃Maxen　highest；　but　Hausdorf　only　a　little　lower；〃and　has　not　thought　of　disputing　the　climb　upwards。　Too　literal　an　eye　to　his　orders：　alas；　he　was　not　himself　king；　but　only　king's　deputy！

The　result　is；　about　11　A。M。；　as　I　obscurely　gather；　Daun　has　conquered　the　climb；　Daun's　musketries　begin　to　glitter　on　the　top　of　Hausdorf；　and　26　or　32　heavy　cannon　open　their　throats　there；　and　the　Three　Attacks　break　loose。　Finck's　Maxen　batteries　（scarcely　higher　than　Daun's；　and　far　inferior　in　weight）　respond　with　all　diligence；　the　poor　regimental　fieldpieces　helping　what　they　can。　Mutual　cannonade；　very　loud　for　an　hour　and　half；　terrific；　but　doing　little　mischief；　after　which　Daun's　musketries　（the　ground　now　sufficiently　clear　to　Daun）；　which　are　the　practical　thing；　begin　opening；　first　from　one　point；　then　from　another：　and　there　ensues；　for　five　hours　coming；　at　Maxen　and　at　the　other　two　points　of　Finck's　triangle；　such　a　series　of　explosive　chargings；　wheelings；　worryings　and　intricate　death…　wrestlings；　as　it　would　provoke　every　reader　to　attempt　describing　to　him。　Except　indeed　he　were　a　soldier；　bound　to　know　the　defence　of　posts；　in　which　case　I　could　fairly　promise　him　that　there　are　means　of　understanding　the　affair；　and　that　he　might　find　benefit　in　it。　＇Tempelhof；　iii。　307…317。　JOURNAL　UND　NACHRICHT　VON　DER　GEFANGENNEHMUNG　DES　FINCK'SCHEN　CORPS　BEY　MAXEN；　IM　JAHRE　1759　（Seyfarth；　　Beylagen；　　ii。　637…654）。＇

Daun's　Grenadiers；　and　Infantry　generally；　are　in　triumphant　spirits；　confident　of　victory；　as　they　may　reasonably　be。　Finck's　people；　too；　behave　well；　some　of　them　conspicuously　well；　though　in　gloomier　mood；　and　make　stubborn　fight；　successful　here　and　there；　but；　as　a　whole；　not　capable　of　succeeding。　By　3　in　the　afternoon；　the　Austrians　have　forced　the　Maxen　Post；　they　〃enter　Maxen　with　great　shoutings；〃　extrude　the　obstinate　Prussian　remnants；　and；　before　long；　have　the　poor　Village　〃on　fire　in　every　part。〃　Finck　retreating　northward　to　Schmorsdorf；　towards　the　obtuse　angle　of　his　triangle；　if　haply　there　may　be　help　in　that　quarter　for　him。　Daun　does　not　push　him　much；　has　Maxen　safely　burning　in　every　part。

From　Schmorsdorf　Finck　pushes　out　a　Cavalry　charge　on　Brentano。　〃Could　we　but　repulse　Brentano　yonder；〃　thinks　he；　〃I　might　have　those　Four　Battalions　to　hand；　and　try　again！〃　But　Brentano　makes　such　cannonading；　the　Cavalry　swerve　to　a　Hollow　on　their　right；　then　find　they　have　not　ground；　and　retire　quite　fruitless。　Finck's　Cavalry；　and　the　Cavalry　generally；　with　their　horses　all　sliding　on　the　frosty　mountain…gnarls；　appear　to　be　good　for　little　this　day。　Brentano；　victorious　over　the　Cavalry；　comes　on　with　such　storm；　he　sweeps　through　the　obtuse　angle；　home　upon　Finck；　and　sweeps　him　out　of　Schmorsdorf　Village　to　Schmorsdorf　Hill；　there　to　take　refuge；　as　the　night　sinks；and　to　see　himself；　if　his　wild　heart　will　permit　him　to　be　candid；　a　ruined　man。　Of　the　Three　Attacks；　Two　have　completely　succeeded　on　him；　only　Wunsch；　at　Dohna；　stands　victorious；　he　has　held　back　the　Reich　all　day；　and　even　chased　it　home　to　its　posts　on　the　Rothwasser　（RED　WATER）；　multitudinous　as　it　was。

Finck's　mood；　as　the　November　shadows　gathered　on　him；the　equal　heart　may　at　least　pity　poor　Finck！　His　resolution　is　fixed：　〃Cut　ourselves　through；　this　night：　Dohna　is　ours：　other　side　that　Red　Water　there　are　roads；perish　or　get　through！〃　And　the　Generals　（who　are　rallied　now　〃on　the　Heights　of　Falkenhain　and　Bloschwitz；〃　midway　between　Maxen　and　Dohna）　get　that　Order　from　him。　And　proceed　to　arrange　for　executing　it；though　with　outlook　more　and　more　desperate；　as　their　scouts　report　that　every　pass　and　post　on　the　Red　Water　is　beset　by　Reichsfolk。　〃Wunsch；　with　the　Cavalry；　he　at　least　may　thread　his　way　out；　under　cloud　of　night；　by　the　opposite　or　Daun　side；〃　calculates　Finck。　And　Wunsch　sets　out　accordingly：　a　very　questionable；　winding；　subterranean　march；　difficult　in　the　extreme；the　wearied　SLIPshod　horses　going　at　a　snail's　pace；　and；　in　the　difficult　passes；　needing　to　be　dragged　through　with　bridle　and　even　to　be　left　altogether：in　which；　withal；　it　will　prove　of　no　use　for　Wunsch　to　succeed！　Finck's　Generals　endeavoring　to　rank　and　rearrange　through　the　night；　find　that　their　very　cartridges　are　nearly　spent；　and　that　of　men；　such　wounding；　such　deserting　has　there　been；　they　have；　at　this　time；　by　precise　count；　2；836　rank　and　file。　Evidently　desperate。

At　daylight；　Daun's　cannon　beginning　again　from　the　Maxen　side；　Finck　sends　to　capitulate。　〃Absolute　surrender；〃　answers　Daun：　〃prisoners　of　war；　and　you　shall　keep　your　private　baggage。　General　Wunsch　with　the　Cavalry；　he　too　must　turn　back　and　surrender！〃　Finck　pleaded　hard；　on　this　last　score：　〃General　Wunsch；　as　head　of　the　Cavalry；　is　not　under　me；　is　himself　chief　in　that　department。〃　But　it　was　of　no　use：　Wunsch　had　to　return　（not　quite　got　through　Daun's　Lines；　after　such　a　night）；　and　to　surrender；　like　everybody　else。　Like　Eight　other　Generals；　like　Wolfersdorf　of　Torgau；　and　many　a　brave　Officer　and　man。　Wednesday　morning；　21st　November；　1769：　it　is　Finck's　fourth　day　on　Maxen；　his　last　in　the　Prussian　Service。

That　same　Wednesday　Afternoon　there　were　ranked　in　the　GROSSE　GARTEN　at　Dresden；　of　dejected　Prussian　Prisoners　from　Maxen；　what　exact　number　was　never　known：　the　Austrians　said　15；000；　but　nobody　well　believed　them；　their　last　certain　instalment　being　only；　in　correct　numbers；　2；836。　Besides　the　killed；　wounded　and　already　captured；　many　had　deserted；　many　had　glided　clear　off。　It　is　judged　that　Friedrich　lost；　by　all　these　causes；　about　12；000　men。　Gone　wholly；with　their　equipments　and　appurtenances　wholly；　which　are　not　worth　counting　in　comparison。　Finck　and　the　other　Generals；　8　of　them；　and　529　Officers；Finck；　Wunsch；　Wolfersdorf；　Mosel　（of　the　Olmutz　Convoy）；　not　to　mention　others　of　known　worth；　this　is　itself　a　sore　loss　to　Friedrich；　and　in　present　circumstances　an　irreparable。　＇Seyfarth；　ii。　576；　in　　Helden…Geschichte；　　（v。　1115）；　the　Vienna　Account。＇

The　outburst　and　paroxysm　of　Gazetteer　rumor；　which　arose　in　Europe　over　this；　must　be　left　to　the　imagination；　still　more　the　whirlwind　of　astonishment；　grief；　remorse　and　indignation　that　raged　in　the　heart　of　Friedrich　on　first　hearing　of　it。　〃The　Caudine　Forks；〃　〃Scene　of　Pirna　over　again；　in　reverse　form；〃　〃Is　not　your　King　at　last　over　with　it？〃　said　and　sang　multifariously　the　Gazetteers。　As　counter…chorus　to　which；　in　a　certain　Royal　Heart：　〃That　miserable　purblind　Finck；　unequal　to　his　task；that　overhasty　I；　who　drove　him　upon　it！　This　disgrace；　loss　nigh　ruinous；　in　fine；　this　infernal　Campaign　（CETTE　CAMPAGNE　INFEMALE）！〃　The　Anecdote…Books　abound　in　details　of　Friedrich's　behavior　at　Wilsdruf　that　day；　mythical　all；　or　in　good　part；　but　symbolizing　a　case　that　is　conceivable　to　everybody。　Or　would　readers　ca