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The Essays of Montaigne�察�V15
by Michel de Montaigne
Translated by Charles Cotton
Edited by William Carew Hazilitt
1877
CONTENTS OF VOLUME 15。
V。 Upon Some verses of Virgil。
CHAPTER V
UPON SOME VERSES OF VIRGIL
CHAPTER V。
By how much profitable thoughts are more full and solid�察�by so much are
they also more cumbersome and heavy�此�vice�察�death�察�poverty�察�diseases�察�are
grave and grievous subjects。 A man should have his soul instructed in
the means to sustain and to contend with evils�察�and in the rules of
living and believing well�此�and often rouse it up�察�and exercise it in this
noble study�察�but in an ordinary soul it must be by intervals and with
moderation�察�it will otherwise grow besotted if continually intent upon
it。 I found it necessary�察�when I was young�察�to put myself in mind and
solicit myself to keep me to my duty�察�gaiety and health do not�察�they say��
so well agree with those grave and serious meditations�此�I am at present
in another state�此�the conditions of age but too much put me in mind�察�urge
me to wisdom�察�and preach to me。 From the excess of sprightliness I am
fallen into that of severity�察�which is much more troublesome�察�and for
that reason I now and then suffer myself purposely a little to run into
disorder�察�and occupy my mind in wanton and youthful thoughts�察�wherewith
it diverts itself。 I am of late but too reserved�察�too heavy�察�and too
ripe�察�years every day read to me lectures of coldness and temperance。
This body of mine avoids disorder and dreads it�察�'tis now my body's turn
to guide my mind towards reformation�察�it governs�察�in turn�察�and more
rudely and imperiously than the other�察�it lets me not an hour alone��
sleeping or waking�察�but is always preaching to me death�察�patience�察�and
repentance。 I now defend myself from temperance�察�as I have formerly done
from pleasure�察�it draws me too much back�察�and even to stupidity。 Now I
will be master of myself�察�to all intents and purposes�察�wisdom has its
excesses�察�and has no less need of moderation than folly。 Therefore�察�lest
I should wither�察�dry up�察�and overcharge myself with prudence�察�in the
intervals and truces my infirmities allow me��
;Mens intenta suis ne seit usque malis。;
�А�That my mind may not eternally be intent upon my ills。;
Ovid。�察�Trist。�察�iv。 i�察�4。��
I gently turn aside�察�and avert my eyes from the stormy and cloudy sky I
have before me�察�which�察�thanks be to God�察�I regard without fear�察�but not
without meditation and study�察�and amuse myself in the remembrance of my
better years��
;Animus quo perdidit�察�optat��
Atque in praeterita se totus imagine versat。;
�А�The mind wishes to have what it has lost�察�and throws itself
wholly into memories of the past。;Petronius�察�c。 128。��
Let childhood look forward and age backward�察�was not this the
signification of Janus' double face�拭 �Let years draw me along if they
will�察�but it shall be backward�察�as long as my eyes can discern the
pleasant season expired�察�I shall now and then turn them that way�察�though
it escape from my blood and veins�察�I shall not�察�however�察�root the image
of it out of my memory��
;Hoc est
Vivere bis�察�vita posse priore frui。;
�А�'Tis to live twice to be able to enjoy one's former life again。;
Martial�察�x。 23�察�7。��
Plato ordains that old men should be present at the exercises�察�dances��
and sports of young people�察�that they may rejoice in others for the
activity and beauty of body which is no more in themselves�察�and call to
mind the grace and comeliness of that flourishing age�察�and wills that in
these recreations the honour of the prize should be given to that young
man who has most diverted the company。 I was formerly wont to mark
cloudy and gloomy days as extraordinary�察�these are now my ordinary days��
the extraordinary are the clear and bright�察�I am ready to leap for joy��
as for an unwonted favour�察�when nothing happens me。 Let me tickle
myself�察�I cannot force a poor smile from this wretched body of mine��
I am only merry in conceit and in dreaming�察�by artifice to divert the
melancholy of age�察�but�察�in faith�察�it requires another remedy than a
dream。 A weak contest of art against nature。 'Tis great folly to
lengthen and anticipate human incommodities�察�as every one does�察�I had
rather be a less while old than be old before I am really so。' I seize on
even the least occasions of pleasure I can meet。 I know very well�察�by
hearsay�察�several sorts of prudent pleasures�察�effectually so�察�and glorious
to boot�察�but opinion has not power enough over me to give me an appetite
to them。 I covet not so much to have them magnanimous�察�magnificent�察�and
pompous�察�as I do to have them sweet�察�facile�察�and ready��
;A natura discedimus�察�populo nos damus��
nullius rei bono auctori。;
�А�We depart from nature and give ourselves to the people�察�who
understand nothing。;Seneca�察�Ep。�察�99。��
My philosophy is in action�察�in natural and present practice�察�very little
in fancy�此�what if I should take pleasure in playing at cob´nut or to whip
a top��
;Non ponebat enim rumores ante salutem。;
�А�He did not sacrifice his health even to rumours�此�Ennius�察�apud
Cicero�察�De Offic。�察�i。 24��
Pleasure is a quality of very little ambition�察�it thinks itself rich
enough of itself without any addition of repute�察�and is best pleased
where most retired。 A young man should be whipped who pretends to a
taste in wine and sauces�察�there was nothing which�察�at that age�察�I less
valued or knew�此�now I begin to learn�察�I am very much ashamed on't�察�but
what should I do�拭 �I am more ashamed and vexed at the occasions that put
me upon't。 'Tis for us to dote and trifle away the time�察�and for young
men to stand upon their reputation and nice punctilios�察�they are going
towards the world and the world's opinion�察�we are retiring from it��
;Sibi arma�察�sibi equos�察�sibi hastas�察�sibi clavam�察�sibi pilam��
sibi natationes�察�et cursus habeant�此�nobis senibus�察�ex lusionibus
multis�察�talos relinquant et tesseras�察�
�А�Let them reserve to themselves arms�察�horses�察�spears�察�clubs��
tennis�察�swimming�察�and races�察�and of all the sports leave to us old
men cards and dice。;Cicero�察�De Senec。�察�c。 16。��
the laws themselves send us home。 I can do no less in favour of this
wretched condition into which my age has thrown me than furnish it with
toys to play withal�察�as they do children�察�and�察�in truth�察�we become such。
Both wisdom and folly will have enough to do to support and relieve me by
alternate services in this calamity of age��
;Misce stultitiam consiliis brevem。;
�А�Mingle with counsels a brief interval of folly。;
Horace�察�Od。�察�iv。 12�察�27。��
I accordingly avoid the lightest punctures�察�and those that formerly would
not have rippled the skin�察�now pierce me through and through�此�my habit of
body is now so naturally declining to ill��
;In fragili corpore odiosa omnis offensio est�察�
�А�In a fragile body every shock is obnoxious。;
Cicero�察�De Senec。�察�c。 18。��
;Mensque pati durum sustinet aegra nihil。;
�А�And the infirm mind can bear no difficult exertion。;
Ovid�察�De Ponto。�察�i。 5�察�18。��
I have ever been very susceptibly tender as to offences�此�I am much more
tender now�察�and open throughout。
;Et minimae vires frangere quassa valent。;
�А�And little force suffices to break what was cracked before。;
Ovid�察�De Tris。�察�iii。 11�察�22。��
My judgment restrains me from kicking against and murmuring at the
inconveniences that nature orders me to endure�察�but it does not take away
my feeling them�此�I�察�who have no other thing in my aim but to live and be
merry�察�would run from one end of the world to the other to seek out one
good year of pleasant and jocund tranquillity。 A melancholic and dull
tranquillity may be enough for me�察�but it benumbs and stupefies me�察�I am
not contented with it。 If there be any person�察�any knot of good company
in country or city�察�in France or elsewhere�察�resident or in motion�察�who
can like my humour�察�and whose humours I can like�察�let them but whistle
and I will run and furnish them with essays in flesh and bone��
Seeing it is the privilege of the mind to rescue itself from old age�察�I
advise mine to it with all the power I have�察�let it meanwhile continue
green�察�and flourish if it can�察�like mistletoe upon a dead tree。 But I
fear 'tis a traitor�察�it has contracted so strict a fraternity with the
body that it leaves me at every turn�察�to follow that in its need。 I
wheedle and deal with it apart in vain�察�I try in vain to wean it from
this correspondence�察�to no effect�察�quote to it Seneca and Catullus�察�and
ladies and royal masques�察�if its companion have the stone�察�it seems to
have it too�察�even the faculties that are most peculiarly and properly its
own cannot then perform their functions�察�but manifestly appear stupefied
and asleep�察�there is no sprightliness in its productions�察�if there be not
at the same time an equal proportion in the body too。
Our masters are to blame�察�that in searching out the causes of the
extraordinary emotions of the soul�察�besides attributing it to a divine
ecstasy�察�love�察�martial fierceness�察�poesy�察�wine�察�they have not also
attributed a part to health�此�a boiling�察�vigorous�察�full�察�and lazy health��
such as formerly the verdure of youth and security�察�by fits�察�supplied me
withal�察�that fire of sprightliness and gaiety darts into the mind flashes
that are lively and bright beyond our natural light�察�and of all
enthusiasms the most jovial�察�if not the most extravagant。
It is�察�then�察�no wonder if a contrary state stupefy and clog my spirit��
and produce a contrary effect��
;Ad nullum consurgit opus�察�cum corpore languet�察�
�А�When the mind is languishing�察�the body is good for nothing。;
��Or�今� ;It rises to no effort�察�it languishes with the body。;
Pseudo Gallus�察�i。 125。
and yet would have me obliged to it for giving�察�as it wants to make out��
much less consent to this stupidity than is the ordinary case with men of
my age。 Let