history of florence-第86部分

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was　at　first　quite　opposed　to　their　design；　but　before　they　parted　the

pope's　authority　seemed　to　have　influenced　him；　for　he　told　Giovanni

Batista；　that　he　might　go　to　Romagna；　and　that　before　his　return

Francesco　would　be　with　him；　and　they　would　then　consult　more

particularly　upon　the　subject。　Giovanni　Batista　proceeded　to　Romagna；

and　soon　returned　to　Florence。　After　a　pretended　consultation　with

Lorenzo；　upon　the　count's　affairs；　he　obtained　an　interview　with

Francesco　and　Jacopo　de'　Pazzi；　when　the　latter　gave　his　consent　to

their　enterprise。　They　then　discussed　the　means　of　carrying　it　into

effect。　Jacopo　de'　Pazzi　was　of　opinion　that　it　could　not　be　effected

while　both　the　brothers　remained　at　Florence；　and　therefore　it　would

be　better　to　wait　till　Lorenzo　went　to　Rome；　whither　it　was　reported

he　had　an　intention　of　going；　for　then　their　object　would　be　more

easily　attained。　Francesco　de'　Pazzi　had　no　objection　to　Lorenzo　being

at　Rome；　but　if　he　were　to　forego　the　journey；　he　thought　that　both

the　brothers　might　be　slain；　either　at　a　marriage；　or　at　a　play；　or　in

a　church。　With　regard　to　foreign　assistance；　he　supposed　the　pope

might　assemble　forces　for　the　conquest　of　the　fortress　of　Montone；

being　justified　in　taking　it　from　Count　Carlo；　who　had　caused　the

tumults　already　spoken　of　in　Sienna　and　Perugia。



Still　no　definite　arrangement　was　made；　but　it　was　resolved　that

Giovanni　Batista　and　Francesco　de'　Pazzi　should　go　to　Rome　and　settle

everything　with　the　pontiff。　The　matter　was　again　debated　at　Rome；　and

at　length　it　was　concluded　that　besides　an　expedition　against　Montone；

Giovan　Francesco　da　Tolentino；　a　leader　of　the　papal　troops；　should　go

into　Romagna；　and　Lorenzo　da　Castello　to　the　Val　di　Tavere；　that　each；

with　the　forces　of　the　country；　should　hold　himself　in　readiness　to

perform　the　commands　of　the　archbishop　de'　Salviati　and　Francesco　de

Pazzi；　both　of　whom　were　to　come　to　Florence；　and　provide　for　the

execution　of　their　design；　with　the　assistance　of　Giovanni　Batista　da

Montesecco。　King　Ferrando　promised；　by　his　ambassador；　to　contribute

all　in　his　power　to　the　success　of　their　undertaking。　Francesco　de'

Pazzi　and　the　archbishop　having　arrived　at　Florence；　prevailed　upon

Jacopo　di　Poggio；　a　well　educated　youth；　but　ambitious　and　very

desirous　of　change；　to　join　them；　and　two　others；　each　of　the　name　of

Jacopo　Salviati；　one　a　brother；　the　other　a　kinsman；　of　the

archbishop。　They　also　gained　over　Bernardo　Bandini　and　Napoleone

Franzeni；　two　bold　young　men；　under　great　obligations　to　the　family　of

the　Pazzi。　Besides　those　already　mentioned；　they　were　joined　by

Antonio　da　Volterra　and　a　priest　named　Stefano；　who　taught　Latin　to

the　daughter　of　Jacopo　de'　Pazzi。　Rinato　de'　Pazzi；　a　grave　and

prudent　man；　being　quite　aware　of　the　evils　resulting　from　such

undertakings；　refused　all　participation　in　the　conspiracy；　he　held　it

in　abhorrence；　and　as　much　as　possible；　without　betraying　his　kinsmen；

endeavored　to　counteract　it。



The　pope　had　sent　Raffaello　di　Riario；　a　nephew　of　Count　Girolamo；　to

the　college　of　Pisa；　to　study　canon　law；　and　while　there；　had　advanced

him　to　the　dignity　of　a　cardinal。　The　conspirators　determined　to　bring

this　cardinal　to　Florence；　as　they　would　thus　be　better　able　to

conceal　their　design；　since　any　persons　requisite　to　be　introduced

into　the　city　might　easily　be　made　to　appear　as　a　part　of　his　retinue；

and　his　arrival　might　facilitate　the　completion　of　their　enterprise。

The　cardinal　came；　and　was　received　by　Jacopo　de'　Pazzi　at　his　villa

of　Montughi；　near　Florence。　By　his　means　it　was　also　intended　to　bring

together　Giuliano　and　Lorenzo；　and　whenever　this　happened；　to　put　them

both　to　death。　They　therefore　invited　them　to　meet　the　cardinal　at

their　villa　of　Fiesole；　but　Giuliano；　either　intentionally　or　through

some　preventing　cause；　did　not　attend；　and　this　design　having　failed；

they　thought　that　if　asked　to　an　entertainment　at　Florence；　both

brothers　would　certainly　be　present。　With　this　intention　they

appointed　Sunday；　the　twenty…sixth　of　April；　1478；　to　give　a　great

feast；　and；　resolving　to　assassinate　them　at　table；　the　conspirators

met　on　the　Saturday　evening　to　arrange　all　proceedings　for　the

following　day。　In　the　morning　it　was　intimated　to　Francesco　that

Giuliano　would　be　absent；　on　which　the　conspirators　again　assembled

and　finding　they　could　no　longer　defer　the　execution　of　their　design；

since　it　would　be　impossible　among　so　many　to　preserve　secrecy；　they

determined　to　complete　it　in　the　cathedral　church　of　Santa　Reparata；

where　the　cardinal　attending；　the　two　brothers　would　be　present　as

usual。　They　wished　Giovanni　Batista　da　Montesecco　to　undertake　the

murder　of　Lorenzo；　while　that　of　Giuliano　was　assigned　to　Francesco

de'　Pazzi　and　Bernardo　Bandini。　Giovanni　Batista　refused；　either

because　his　familiarity　with　Lorenzo　had　created　feelings　in　his

favor；　or　from　some　other　reason；　saying　he　should　not　have　resolution

sufficient　to　commit　such　a　deed　in　a　church；　and　thus　add　sacrilege

to　treachery。　This　caused　the　failure　of　their　undertaking；　for　time

pressing；　they　were　compelled　to　substitute　Antonio　da　Volterra　and

Stefano；　the　priest；　two　men；　who；　from　nature　and　habit；　were　the

most　unsuitable　of　any；　for　if　firmness　and　resolution　joined　with

experience　in　bloodshed　be　necessary　upon　any　occasion；　it　is　on　such

as　these；　and　it　often　happens　that　those　who　are　expert　in　arms；　and

have　faced　death　in　all　forms　on　the　field　of　battle；　still　fail　in　an

affair　like　this。　Having　now　decided　upon　the　time；　they　resolved　that

the　signal　for　the　attack　should　be　the　moment　when　the　priest　who

celebrated　high　mass　should　partake　of　the　sacrament；　and　that；　in　the

meantime；　the　Archbishop　de'　Salviati；　with　his　followers；　and　Jacopo

di　Poggio；　should　take　possession　of　the　palace；　in　order　that　the

Signory；　after　the　young　men's　death；　should　voluntarily；　or　by　force；

contribute　to　their　assistance。







CHAPTER　II



　　Giuliano　de'　Medici　slainLorenzo　escapesThe　archbishop

　　Salviati　endeavors　to　seize　the　palace　of　the　SignoryHe　is　taken

　　and　hangedThe　enterprise　of　the　conspirators　entirely　fails

　　Manifestations　of　the　Florentines　in　favor　of　Lorenzo　de'　Medici

　　The　conspirators　punishedThe　funeral　of　GiulianoThe　pope　and

　　the　king　of　Naples　make　war　upon　the　FlorentinesFlorence

　　excommunicatedSpeech　of　Lorenzo　de'　Medici　to　the　citizens　of

　　Florence。



The　conspirators　proceeded　to　Santa　Reparata；　where　the　cardinal　and

Lorenzo　had　already　arrived。　The　church　was　crowded；　and　divine

service　commenced　before　Giuliano's　arrival。　Francesco　de'　Pazzi　and

Bernardo　Bandini；　who　were　appointed　to　be　his　murderers；　went　to　his

house；　and　finding　him；　they；　by　earnest　entreaties；　prevailed　upon

him　to　accompany　them。　It　is　surprising　that　such　intense　hatred；　and

designs　so　full　of　horror　as　those　of　Francesco　and　Bernardo；　could　be

so　perfectly　concealed；　for　while　conducting　him　to　the　church；　and

after　they　had　reached　it；　they　amused　him　with　jests　and　playful

discourse。　Nor　did　Francesco　forget；　under　pretense　of　endearment；　to

press　him　in　his　arms；　so　as　to　ascertain　whether　under　his　apparel　he

wore　a　cuirass　or　other　means　of　defense。　Giuliano　and　Lorenzo　were

both　aware　of　the　animosity　of　the　Pazzi；　and　their　desire　to　deprive

them　of　the　government；　but　they　felt　assured　that　any　design　would　be

attempted　openly；　and　in　conjunction　with　the　civil　authority。　Thus

being　free　from　apprehension　for　their　personal　safety　both　affected

to　be　on　friendly　terms　with　them。　The　murderers　being　ready；　each　in

his　appointed　station；　which　they　could　retain　without　suspicion；　on

account　of　the　vast　numbers　assembled　in　the　church；　the　preconcerted

moment　arrived；　and　Bernardo　Bandini；　with　a　short　dagger　provided　for

the　purpose；　struck　Giuliano　in　the　breast；　who；　after　a　few　steps；

fell　to　the　earth。　Francesco　de'　Pazzi　threw　himself　upon　the　body　and

covered　him　with　wounds；　while；　as　if　blinded　by　rage；　he　inflicted　a

deep　incision　upon　his　own　leg。　Antonio　and　Stefano；　the　priest；

attacked　Lorenzo；　and　after　dealing　many　blows；　effected　only　a　slight

incision　in　the　throat；　for　either　their　want　of　resolution；　the

activity　of　Lorenzo；　who；　finding　himself　attacked；　used　his　arms　in

his　own　defense；　or　the　assistance　of　those　by　whom　he　was　surrounded；

rendered　all　attempts　futile。　They　fled　and　concealed　themselves；　but

being　subsequently　discovered；　were　put　to　death　in　the　most

ignominious　manner；　and　their　bodies　dragged　about　the　city。　Lorenzo；

with　the　friends　he　had　about　him；　took　refuge　in　the　sacristy　of　the

church。　Bernardo　Bandini；　after　Giuliano's　death；　also　slew　Francesco

Nori；　a　most　intimate　friend　of　the　Medici；　either　from　some　previous

hatred　or　for　having　endeavored　to　render　assistance　to　Giuliano；　and

not　content　with　these　murders；　he　ran　in　pursuit　of　Lorenzo；

intending；　by　his　own　promptitude；　to　make　up　for　the　weakness　and

inefficiency　of　the　others；　but　finding　he　had　taken　refuge　in　the

vestry；　he　was　prevented。



In　the　midst　of　these　violent　and　fearful　deeds；　during　which　the

uproar　was　so　terrible；　that　it　seemed　almost　sufficient　to　bring　the

church　down　upon　its　inmates；　the　cardinal　Riario　remained　close　to

the　altar；　where　he　was　with　difficulty　kept　in　safety　by　the　priests；

until　the　Signory；　upon　the　abatement　of　the　disturbance；　could

conduct　him　to　their　palace；　where　he　remained　in　the　utmost　terror

till　he　was　set　at　liberty。



There　were　at　this　time　in　Florence　some　people　of　Perugia；　whom　party

feuds　had　compelled　to　leave　their　homes；　and　the　Pazzi；　by　promising

to　restore　them　to　their　country；　obtained　their　assistance。　The

Archbishop　de'　Salviati；　going　to　seize　the　palace；　together　with

Jacopo　di　Poggio；　and　the　Salviati；　his　friends；　took　these　Perugini

with　him。　Having