04祇蟻将哂咎云85嶽-及230何蛍
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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
Do not press down on their means of livelihood。
It is because you do not press down on them that they will not wearyof the burden。
Hence the sage knows himself but does not display himself��
Loves himself but does not exalt himself。
Therefore he discards the one and takes the other。
73
He who is fearless in being bold will meet with his death��
He who is fearless in being timid will stay alive。
Of the two�察�one leads to good�察�the other to harm。
Heaven hates what it hates��
Who knows the reason why��
Therefore even the sage treats some things as difficult。
The way of heaven
Excels in overcoming though it does not contend��
In responding though it does not speak��
In attracting though it does not summon��
In laying plans though it appears slack。
The net of heaven is cast wide。
Though the mesh is not fine�察�yet nothing ever slips through。
74
When the people are not afraid of death�察�wherefore frighten them withdeath��
Were the people always afraid of death�察�and were I able to arrest andput to death those who innovate�察�then who would dare��
There is a regular executioner whose charge it is to kill。
To kill on behalf of the executioner is what is described as choppingwood on behalf of the master carpenter。
In chopping wood on behalf of the master carpenter�察�there are few whoescape hurting their own hands instead。
75
The people are hungry��
It is because those in authority eat up too much in taxes
That the people are hungry。
The people are difficult to govern。
It is because those in authority are too fond of action
That the people are difficult to govern。
The people treat death lightly��
It is because the people set too much store by life
That they treat death lightly。
It is just because one has no use for life that one is wiser than theman who values life。
76
A man is supple and weak when living�察�but hard and stiff when dead。
Grass and trees are pliant and fragile when living�察�but dried and shrivelledwhen dead。
Thus the hard and the strong are the comrades of death��
The supple and the weak are the comrades of life。
Therefore a weapon that is strong will not vanquish��
A tree that is strong will suffer the axe。
The strong and big takes the lower position��
The supple and weak takes the higher position。
77
Is not the way of heaven like the stretching of a bow��
The high it presses down��
The low it lifts up��
The excessive it takes from��
The deficient it gives to。
It is the way of heaven to take from what has in excess in order tomake good what is deficient。
The way of man is otherwise�此�it takes from those who are in want inorder to offer this to those who already have more than enough。
Who is there that can take what he himself has in excess and offerthis to the empire��
Only he who has the way。
Therefore the sage benefits them yet exacts no gratitude��
Accomplishes his task yet lays claim to no merit。
Is this not because he does not wish to be considered a better man thanothers��
78
In the world there is nothing more submissive and weak than water。
Yet for attacking that which is hard and strong nothing can surpassit。
This is because there is nothing that can take its place。
That the weak overcomes the strong��
And the submissive overcomes the hard��
Everyone in the world knows yet no one can put this knowledge intopractice。
Therefore the sage says��
One who takes on himself the humiliation of the state
Is called a ruler worthy of offering sacrifices to the gods of earthand millet。
One who takes on himself the calamity of the state
Is called a king worthy of dominion over the entire empire。
Straightforward words seem paradoxical。
79
When peace is made between great enemies��
Some enmity is bound to remain undispelled。
How can this be considered perfect��
Therefore the sage takes the left´hand tally�察�but exacts no paymentfrom the people。
The man of virtue takes charge of the tally��
The man of no virtue takes charge of exaction。
It is the way of heaven to show no favoritism。
It is for ever on the side of the good man。
80
Reduce the size of the population and the state。
Ensure that even though the people have tools of war for a troop ora battalion they will not use them��
And also that they will be reluctant to move to distant places becausethey look on death as no light matter。
Even when they have ships and carts�察�they will have no use for them��
And even when they have armor and weapons�察�they will have no occasionto make a show of them。
Bring it about that the people will return to the use of the knottedrope��
Will find relish in their food
And beauty in their clothes��
Will be content in their abode
And happy in the way they live。
Though adjoining states are within sight of one another��
And the sound of dogs barking and cocks crowing in one state can beheard in another��
yet the people of one state will grow old and die without having hadany dealings with those of another。
81
Truthful words are not beautiful��
Beautiful words are not truthful。
Good words are not persuasive��
Persuasive words are not good。
He who knows has no wide learning��
He who has wide learning does not know。
The sage does not hoard。
Having bestowed all he has on others�察�he has yet more��
Having given all he has to others�察�he is richer still。
The way of heaven benefits and does not harm��
The way of the sage is bountiful and does not contend。
English_Legge_TTK
Das Tao Te King von Lao Tse
Chinese ´ English by
James Legge�察�1891
1
The Tao that can be trodden is not the enduring and unchanging Tao。 The name that can be named is not the enduring and unchanging name。
��Conceived of as�� having no name�察�it is the Originator of heaven and earth�察。�conceived of as�� having a name�察�it is the Mother of all things。
Always without desire we must be found�察�If its deep mystery we would sound�察�But if desire always within us be�察�Its outer fringe is all that we shall see。
Under these two aspects�察�it is really the same�察�but as development takes place�察�it receives the different names。 Together we call them the Mystery。 Where the Mystery is the deepest is the gate of all that is subtle and wonderful。
2
All in the world know the beauty of the beautiful�察�and in doing this they have ��the idea of�� what ugliness is�察�they all know the skill of the skilful�察�and in doing this they have ��the idea of�� what the want of skill is。
So it is that existence and non´existence give birth the one to ��the idea of�� the other�察�that difficulty and ease produce the one ��the idea of�� the other�察�that length and shortness fashion out the one the figure of the other�察�that ��the ideas of�� height and lowness arise from the contrast of the one with the other�察�that the musical notes and tones become harmonious through the relation of one with another�察�and that being before and behind give the idea of one following another。
Therefore the sage manages affairs without doing anything�察�and conveys his instructions without the use of speech。
All things spring up�察�and there is not one which declines to show itself�察�they grow�察�and there is no claim made for their ownership�察�they go through their processes�察�and there is no expectation ��of a reward for the results��。 The work is accomplished�察�and there is no resting in it ��as an achievement��。
The work is done�察�but how no one can see��
'Tis this that makes the power not cease to be。
3
Not to value and employ men of superior ability is the way to keep the people from rivalry among themselves�察�not to prize articles which are difficult to procure is the way to keep them from becoming thieves�察�not to show them what is likely to excite their desires is the way to keep their minds from disorder。
Therefore the sage�察�in the exercise of his government�察�empties their minds�察�fills their bellies�察�weakens their wills�察�and strengthens their bones。
He constantly ��tries to�� keep them without knowledge and without desire�察�and where there are those who have knowledge�察�to keep them from presuming to act ��on it��。 When there is this abstinence from action�察�good order is universal。
4
The Tao is ��like�� the emptiness of a vessel�察�and in our employment of it we must be on our guard against all fulness。 How deep and unfathomable it is�察�as if it were the Honoured Ancestor of all things��
We should blunt our sharp points�察�and unravel the complications of things�察�we should attemper our brightness�察�and bring ourselves into agreement with the obscurity of others。 How pure and still the Tao is�察�as if it would ever so continue��
I do not know whose son it is。 It might appear to have been before God。
5
Heaven and earth do not act from ��the impulse of�� any wish to be benevolent�察�they deal with all things as the dogs of grass are dealt with。 The sages do not act from ��any wish to be�� benevolent�察�they deal with the people as the dogs of grass are dealt with。
May not the space between heaven and earth be compared to a bellows��
'Tis emptied�察�yet it loses not its power��
'Tis moved again�察�and sends forth air the more。
Much speech to swift exhaustion lead we see��
Your inner being guard�察�and keep it free。
6
The valley spirit dies not�察�aye the same��
The female mystery thus do we name。
Its gate�察�from which at first they issued forth��
Is called the root from which grew heaven and earth。
Long and unbroken does its power remain��
Used gently�察�and without the touch of pain。
7
Heaven is long´enduring and earth continues long。 The reason why heaven and earth are able to endure and continue thus long is because they do not live of�察�or for�察�themselves。 This is how they are able to continue and endure。
Therefore