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rigid principles�察�and liberal spirit�察�was married to one of those clever�察�kind´ 

hearted�察�engaging�察�vain�察�pert young women�察�who are perpetually doing or 

saying what is not exactly  right�察  �but   who�察�do or   say what   they  may�察  �are 

always agreeable。  In   1765 the Thrales became acquainted   with   Johnson�察�

and   the   acquaintance   ripened   fast   into   friendship。   They   were   astonished 



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and delighted by the brilliancy of his conversation。 They were flattered by 

finding that a man so widely celebrated�察�preferred their house to any other 

in London。 Even the peculiarities which seemed to unfit him for civilised 

society�察  �his   gesticulations�察  �his   rollings�察  �his   puffings�察  �his   mutterings�察  �the 

strange way in which he put on his clothes�察�the ravenous eagerness with 

which he devoured his dinner�察�his fits of melancholy�察�his fits of anger�察�his 

frequent rudeness�察�his occasional ferocity�察�increased the interest which his 

new   associates   took   in   him。   For   these   things   were   the   cruel   marks   left 

behind by a life which had been one long conflict with disease and with 

adversity。 In a vulgar hack writer such oddities would have excited only 

disgust。 But in a man of genius�察�learning�察�and virtue their effect was to add 

pity   to   admiration   and   esteem。   Johnson   soon   had   an   apartment   at   the 

brewery in Southwark�察�and a still more pleasant apartment at the villa of 

his friends on Streatham Common。 A large part of every year he passed in 

those abodes�察�abodes which must have seemed magnificent and luxurious 

indeed�察  �when   compared   with   the   dens   in   which   he   had   generally   been 

lodged。 But his chief pleasures were derived from what the astronomer of 

his Abyssinian tale called ;the endearing elegance of female friendship。; 

Mrs Thrale rallied him�察�soothed him�察�coaxed him�察�and�察�if she sometimes 

provoked   him   by   her   flippancy�察  �made   ample   amends   by   listening   to   his 

reproofs with angelic sweetness of temper。 When he was diseased in body 

and in mind�察�she was the most tender of nurses。 No comfort that wealth 

could   purchase�察  �no   contrivance   that   womanly   ingenuity�察  �set   to   work   by 

womanly   compassion�察  �could   devise�察  �was   wanting   to   his   sick´room。   He 

requited her kindness by an affection pure as the affection of a father�察�yet 

delicately tinged with a gallantry�察�which�察�though awkward�察�must have been 

more flattering than the attentions of a crowd of the fools who gloried in 

the names�察�now obsolete�察  �of Buck and Maccaroni。   It should seem that   a 

full half of Johnson's life�察�during about sixteen years�察�was passed under the 

roof of the Thrales。   He   accompanied the   family  sometimes to   Bath�察  �and 

sometimes to Brighton�察�once to Wales�察�and once to Paris。 But he had at the 

same time a house in one of the narrow and gloomy courts on the north of 

Fleet   Street。   In  the   garrets   was   his  library�察  �a  large   and  miscellaneous 

collection of books�察�falling to pieces and begrimed with dust。 On a lower 



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floor he sometimes�察�but very rarely�察�regaled a friend with a plain dinner�察�a 

veal pie�察�or a leg of lamb and spinage�察�and a rice pudding。 Nor was the 

dwelling   uninhabited   during   his   long   absences。   It   was   the   home   of   the 

most extraordinary assemblage of inmates that ever was brought together。 

At the head of the establishment Johnson had placed an old lady named 

Williams�察     �whose     chief    recommendations         were    her   blindness     and    her 

poverty。 But�察�in spite of her murmurs and reproaches�察�he gave an asylum 

to   another    lady   who     was   as  poor   as   herself�察  �Mrs    Desmoulins�察      �whose 

family he had known many years before in Staffordshire。 Room was found 

for the daughter of Mrs Desmoulins�察�and for another destitute damsel�察�who 

was generally addressed as Miss Carmichael�察�but whom her generous host 

called Polly。 An old quack doctor named Levett�察�who bled and dosed coal´ 

heavers and hackney coachmen�察�and received for fees crusts of bread�察�bits 

of   bacon�察  �glasses   of   gin�察  �and   sometimes   a   little   copper�察  �completed   this 

strange menagerie。 All these poor creatures were at constant war with each 

other�察  �and   with   Johnson's   negro   servant   Frank。   Sometimes�察  �indeed�察  �they 

transferred their hostilities from the servant to the master�察�complained that 

a   better   table   was   not   kept   for   them�察  �and   railed   or   maundered   till   their 

benefactor   was   glad   to   make   his   escape   to   Streatham�察  �or   to   the   Mitre 

Tavern。 And yet he�察�who was generally the haughtiest and most irritable of 

mankind�察�who was but too prompt to resent anything which looked like a 

slight on the part of a purse´proud bookseller�察�or of a noble and powerful 

patron�察�bore patiently from mendicants�察�who�察�but for his bounty�察�must have 

gone to   the   workhouse�察 �insults   more  provoking   than   those   for   which   he 

had   knocked   down   Osborne   and   bidden   defiance   to   Chesterfield。   Year 

after   year   Mrs   Desmoulins�察  �Polly�察  �and   Levett�察  �continued   to   torment   him 

and to live upon him。 

     The     course    of   life  which    has    been   described      was   interrupted     in 

Johnson's   sixty´fourth  year   by  an   important   event。  He   had   early  read   an 

account   of   the   Hebrides�察  �and   had   been   much   interested   by  learning   that 

there was so near him a land peopled by a race which was still as rude and 

simple as in the middle ages。 A wish to become intimately acquainted with 

a   state   of   society   so   utterly   unlike   all   that   he   had   ever   seen   frequently 

crossed   his   mind。   But   it   is   not   probable   that   his   curiosity   would   have 



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overcome his habitual sluggishness�察�and his love of the smoke�察�the mud�察�

and the cries of London�察�had not Boswell importuned him to attempt the 

adventure�察�and offered to be his squire。 At length�察�in August 1773�察�Johnson 

crossed the Highland line�察�and plunged courageously into what was then 

considered�察  �by   most   Englishmen�察  �as   a   dreary   and   perilous   wilderness。 

After wandering about two months through the Celtic region�察�sometimes 

in rude boats which did not protect him from the rain�察�and sometimes on 

small shaggy ponies which could hardly bear his weight�察�he returned to his 

old haunts with a mind full of new images and new theories。 During the 

following   year   he   employed   himself   in   recording   his   adventures。 About 

the beginning of 1775�察�his Journey to the Hebrides was published�察�and was�察�

during   some   weeks�察  �the   chief   subject   of   conversation   in   all   circles   in 

which   any   attention   was   paid   to   literature。   The   book   is   still   read   with 

pleasure。 The narrative is entertaining�察�the speculations�察�whether sound or 

unsound�察     �are   always     ingenious�察    �and   the   style�察 �though     too   stiff  and 

pompous�察  �is   somewhat   easier   and   more   graceful   than   that   of   his   early 

writings。 His prejudice against the Scotch had at length become little more 

than   matter   of   jest�察  �and   whatever   remained   of   the   old   feeling   had   been 

effectually removed by the kind and respectful hospitality with which he 

had been received in every part of Scotland。 It was�察�of course�察�not to be 

expected that an Oxonian Tory should praise the Presbyterian polity and 

ritual�察�or that an eye accustomed to the hedgerows and parks of England 

should   not   be   struck   by   the  bareness   of   Berwickshire   and   East   Lothian。 

But even in censure Johnson's tone is not unfriendly。 The most enlightened 

Scotchmen�察  �with   Lord   Mansfield   at   their   head�察  �were   well   pleased。   But 

some   foolish   and   ignorant   Scotchmen   were   moved   to   anger   by   a   little 

unpalatable truth which was mingled with much eulogy�察�and assailed him 

whom   they   chose   to   consider   as   the   enemy   of   their   country   with   libels 

much more dishonourable to their country than anything that he had ever 

said or written。 They published paragraphs in the newspapers�察�articles in 

the   magazines�察     �sixpenny     pamphlets�察    �five´shilling    books。    One   scribbler 

abused Johnson for being blear´eyed�察�another for being a pensioner�察�a third 

informed the world that one of the Doctor's uncles had been convicted of 

felony in Scotland�察�and had found that there was in that country one tree 



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capable of supporting the weight of an Englishman。 Macpherson�察�whose 

Fingal     had    been   proved     in  the   Journey     to  be   an   impudent      forgery�察�

threatened   to   take   vengeance   with   a   cane。 The   only   effect   of   this   threat 

was      that   Johnson      reiterated    the    charge     of   forgery     in   the    most 

contemptuous terms�察�and walked about�察�during some time�察�with a cudgel�察�

which�察    �if  the  impostor     had   not   been   too   wise    to  encounter     it�察 �would 

assuredly  have   descended   upon   him�察  �to   borrow   the   sublime   language   of 

his own epic poem�察 �like a hammer on the red son of the furnace。; 

     Of   other   assailants   Johnson   took   no   notice   whatever。   He   had   early 

reso

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