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                       Tales of Troy 



Tales of Troy 



             by Andrew Lang 



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                                        Tales of Troy 



      THE BOYHOOD AND PARENTS 

                             OF ULYSSES 



     Long ago�察�in a little island called Ithaca�察�on the west coast of Greece�察�

there    lived    a  king    named     Laertes。     His    kingdom      was    small    and 

mountainous。        People used to say that Ithaca ;lay like a shield upon the 

sea�察─�which sounds as if it were a flat country。            But in those times shields 

were   very   large�察  �and   rose   at   the   middle   into   two   peaks   with   a   hollow 

between them�察�so that Ithaca�察�seen far off in the sea�察�with her two   chief 

mountain peaks�察�and a cloven valley between them�察�looked exactly like a 

shield。     The  country  was so   rough   that men   kept no horses�察 �for�察 �at   that 

time�察  �people   drove�察  �standing   up   in   little   light   chariots   with   two   horses�察�

they   never   rode�察  �and   there   was   no   cavalry   in   battle�此�men   fought   from 

chariots。     When Ulysses�察�the son of Laertes�察�King of Ithaca grew up�察�he 

never fought from a chariot�察�for he had none�察�but always on foot。 

     If   there   were   no   horses   in   Ithaca�察  �there   was   plenty   of   cattle。 The 

father of Ulysses had flocks of sheep�察�and herds of swine�察�and wild goats�察�

deer�察�and hares lived in the hills and in the plains。              The sea was full of 

fish of many sorts�察�which men caught with nets�察�and with rod and line and 

hook。 

     Thus Ithaca was a good island to live in。            The summer was long�察�and 

there was hardly any winter�察�only a few cold weeks�察�and then the swallows 

came     back�察  �and   the  plains   were    like  a  garden�察  �all  covered    with   wild 

flowersviolets�察 �lilies�察  �narcissus�察  �and   roses。    With   the   blue   sky  and   the 

blue   sea�察  �the   island   was   beautiful。  White   temples   stood   on   the   shores�察�

and   the   Nymphs�察  �a   sort   of   fairies�察  �had   their   little   shrines   built   of   stone�察�

with wild rose´bushes hanging over them。 

     Other   islands   lay   within   sight�察  �crowned   with   mountains�察  �stretching 

away�察�one behind the other�察�into the sunset。             Ulysses in the course of his 

life saw many rich countries�察�and great cities of men�察�but�察�wherever he was�察�

his heart was always in the little isle of Ithaca�察�where he had learned how 

to row�察�and how to sail a boat�察�and how to shoot with bow and arrow�察�and 

to hunt boars and stags�察�and manage his hounds。 



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                                        Tales of Troy 



     The mother of Ulysses was called Anticleia�此              �she was the daughter of 

King Autolycus�察�who lived near Parnassus�察�a mountain on the mainland。 

This   King Autolycus   was   the   most   cunning   of   men。        He   was   a   Master 

Thief�察�and could steal a man's pillow from under his head�察�but he does not 

seem to have been thought worse of for this。                The Greeks had a God of 

Thieves�察     �named     Hermes�察    �whom      Autolycus      worshipped�察     �and    people 

thought   more   good   of   his   cunning   tricks   than   harm   of   his   dishonesty。 

Perhaps these   tricks of   his   were   only  practised   for   amusement�察�however 

that may be�察�Ulysses became as artful as his grandfather�察�he was both the 

bravest   and   the   most   cunning   of   men�察  �but   Ulysses   never   stole   things�察�

except once�察�as we shall hear�察�from the enemy in time of war。                 He showed 

his cunning in stratagems of war�察�and in many strange escapes from giants 

and man´eaters。 

     Soon after Ulysses was born�察�his grandfather came to see his mother 

and father in Ithaca。       He was sitting at supper when the nurse of Ulysses�察�

whose name was Eurycleia�察�brought in the baby�察�and set him on the knees 

of Autolycus�察�saying�察 �Find a name for your grandson�察�for he is a child of 

many prayers。; 

     ;I   am   very   angry   with   many   men   and   women   in   the   world�察─  �said 

Autolycus�察  �so   let   the  child's name   be A  MAN  OF WRATH�察─  �which�察 �in 

Greek�察  �was   Odysseus。        So   the   child   was   called   Odysseus   by   his   own 

people�察  �but   the   name   was   changed   into   Ulysses�察  �and   we   shall   call   him 

Ulysses。 

     We do not know much about Ulysses when he was a little boy�察�except 

that he used to run about the garden with his father�察�asking questions�察�and 

begging that he might have fruit trees ;for his very own。;                He was a great 

pet�察�for his parents had no other son�察�so his father gave him thirteen pear 

trees�察�and forty fig trees�察�and promised him fifty rows of vines�察�all covered 

with grapes�察�which he could eat when he liked�察�without asking leave of the 

gardener。     So he was not tempted to steal fruit�察�like his grandfather。 

     When Autolycus gave Ulysses his name�察�he said that he must come to 

stay with him�察�when he was a big boy�察�and he would get splendid presents。 

Ulysses was told about this�察�so�察�when he was a tall lad�察�he crossed the sea 

and   drove   in   his   chariot   to   the   old   man's   house   on   Mount   Parnassus。 



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                                         Tales of Troy 



Everybody   welcomed   him�察  �and   next   day   his   uncles   and   cousins   and   he 

went   out   to    hunt   a   fierce   wild   boar�察  �early   in   the   morning。   Probably 

Ulysses took his own dog�察�named Argos�察�the best of hounds�察�of which we 

shall hear again�察�long afterwards�察�for the dog lived to be very old。                     Soon 

the hounds came on the scent of a wild boar�察�and after them the men went�察�

with spears in their hands�察�and Ulysses ran foremost�察�for he was already 

the swiftest runner in Greece。 

     He   came   on   a   great   boar   lying   in   a   tangled   thicket   of   boughs   and 

bracken�察�a dark place where the sun never shone�察�nor could the rain pierce 

through。      Then the noise of the men's shouts and the barking of the dogs 

awakened the boar�察�and up he sprang�察�bristling all over his back�察�and with 

fire shining from his eyes。           In rushed Ulysses first of all�察�with his spear 

raised to strike�察�but the boar was too quick for him�察�and ran in�察�and drove 

his sharp tusk sideways�察�ripping up the thigh of Ulysses。                     But the boar's 

tusk   missed   the   bone�察  �and   Ulysses   sent   his   sharp   spear   into   the   beast's 

right shoulder�察�and the spear went clean through�察�and the boar fell dead�察�

with   a   loud   cry。   The   uncles   of  Ulysses   bound   up   his   wound   carefully�察�

and sang a magical   song over   it�察�as the French soldiers wanted to do to 

Joan of Arc when the arrow pierced her shoulder at the siege of Orleans。 

Then the blood ceased to flow�察�and soon Ulysses was quite healed of his 

wound。       They   thought   that   he   would   be   a   good   warrior�察  �and   gave   him 

splendid   presents�察  �and   when   he   went   home   again   he   told   all   that   had 

happened   to   his   father   and   mother�察 �and   his   nurse�察  �Eurycleia。       But   there 

was always a long white mark or scar above his left knee�察�and about that 

scar we shall hear again�察�many years afterwards。 



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                                      Tales of Troy 



        HOW PEOPLE LIVED IN THE 

                    TIME OF ULYSSES 



    When Ulysses was a young man he wished to marry a princess of his 

own rank。      Now there were at that time many kings in Greece�察�and you 

must be told how they lived。         Each king had his own little kingdom�察�with 

his   chief   town�察  �walled   with   huge   walls   of   enormous   stone。  Many   of 

these walls are still standing�察�though the grass has grown over the ruins of 

most of them�察�and in later years�察�men believed that those walls must have 

been built by giants�察�the stones are so enormous。             Each king had nobles 

under him�察�rich men�察�and all had their palaces�察�each with its courtyard�察�and 

its long hall�察�where the fire burned in the midst�察�and the King and Queen 

sat   beside   it   on   high   thrones�察  �between   the   four   chief   carved   pillars   that 

held up the roof。     The thrones were made of cedar wood and ivory�察�inlaid 

with gold�察�and there were many other chairs and small tables for guests�察�

and   the   walls   and   doors   were   covered   with   bronze   plates�察  �and   gold   and 

silver�察�and sheets of blue glass。 Sometimes they were painted with pictures 

of   bull   hunts�察  �and   a   few   of   these   pictures   may   still   be   seen。 At   night 

torches were lit�察�and placed in the hands of golden figures of boys�察�but all 

the smoke of fire and torches escaped by a hole in the roof�察�and made the 

ceiling   black。   On   the   walls   hung   swords   and   spears   and   helmets   and 

shields�察�which needed to   be often   cleaned   from the stains of   the smoke。 

The minstrel or poet sat beside the King and Queen�察�and�察�after supper he 

struck his harp�察�and sang stories of old wars。 At night the King and Queen 

slept in their own place�察�and the women in their own rooms�察�the princesses 

had their chambers upstairs�察�and the young princes had each his room built 

separate in the courtyard。 

     There were bath rooms with polished baths�察�where guests were taken 

when they arrived dirty from a journey。           The guests lay at night on beds 

in the portico�察�for the climate was warm。           There were plenty of servants�察�

who were usually slaves taken in war�察�but they were very kindly treated�察�

and were friendly with

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