stories by modern american authors-第30部分
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of dirt might have something to do with the failure: so I carefully
rinsed the parchment by pouring warm water over it; and; having
done this; I placed it in a tin pan; with the skull downward; and
put the pan upon a furnace of lighted charcoal。 In a few minutes;
the pan having become thoroughly heated; I removed the slip; and;
to my inexpressible joy; found it spotted; in several places; with
what appeared to be figures arranged in lines。 Again I placed it
in the pan; and suffered it to remain another minute。 Upon taking
it off; the whole was just as you see it now。〃
Here Legrand; having reheated the parchment; submitted it to my
inspection。 The following characters were rudely traced; in a red
tint; between the death's head and the goat:
〃53++!305))6*;4826)4+)4+)。;806*;48!8'60))85;1+8*:+(;:+*8!83(88)5*!;
46(;88*96*?;8)*+(;485);5*!2:*+(;4956*2(5*…4)8'8*;4069285);)6!8)4++;
1(+9;48081;8:8+1;48!85;4)485!528806*81(+9;48;(88;4(+?34;48)4+;161;:
188;+?;〃
〃But;〃 said I; returning him the slip; 〃I am as much in the dark as
ever。 Were all the jewels of Golconda awaiting me upon my solution
of this enigma; I am quite sure that I should be unable to earn
them。〃
〃And yet;〃 said Legrand; 〃the solution is by no means so difficult
as you might be led to imagine from the first hasty inspection of
the characters。 These characters; as anyone might readily guess;
form a cipherthat is to say; they convey a meaning; but then from
what is known of Kidd; I could not suppose him capable of
constructing any of the more abstruse cryptographs。 I made up my
mind; at once; that this was of a simple speciessuch; however; as
would appear; to the crude intellect of the sailor; absolutely
insoluble without the key。〃
〃And you really solved it?〃
〃Readily; I have solved others of an abstruseness ten thousand
times greater。 Circumstances; and a certain bias of mind; have led
me to take interest in such riddles; and it may well be doubted
whether human ingenuity can construct an enigma of the kind which
human ingenuity may not; by proper application; resolve。 In fact;
having once established connected and legible characters; I
scarcely gave a thought to the mere difficulty of developing their
import。
〃In the present caseindeed in all cases of secret writingthe
first question regards the LANGUAGE of the cipher; for the
principles of solution; so far; especially; as the more simple
ciphers are concerned; depend upon; and are varied by; the genius
of the particular idiom。 In general; there is no alternative but
experiment (directed by probabilities) of every tongue known to him
who attempts the solution; until the true one be attained。 But;
with the cipher now before us; all difficulty was removed by the
signature。 The pun upon the word 'Kidd' is appreciable in no other
language than the English。 But for this consideration I should
have begun my attempts with the Spanish and French; as the tongues
in which a secret of this kind would most naturally have been
written by a pirate of the Spanish main。 As it was; I assumed the
cryptograph to be English。
〃You observe there are no divisions between the words。 Had there
been divisions the task would have been comparatively easy。 In
such cases I should have commenced with a collation and analysis of
the shorter words; and; had a word of a single letter occurred; as
is most likely; (a or I; for example;) I should have considered the
solution as assured。 But; there being no division; my first step
was to ascertain the predominant letters; as well as the least
frequent。 Counting all; I constructed a table thus:
Of the character 8 there are 33。
; 〃 26。
4 〃 19。
+) 〃 16。
* 〃 13。
5 〃 12。
6 〃 11。
!1 〃 8。
0 〃 6。
92 〃 5。
:3 〃 4。
? 〃 3。
' 〃 2。
…。 〃 1。
〃Now; in English; the letter which most frequently occurs is e。
Afterwards; the succession runs thus: a o i d h n r s t u y c f g l
m w b k p q x z。 E predominates so remarkably; that an individual
sentence of any length is rarely seen; in which it is not the
prevailing character。
〃Here; then; we have; in the very beginning; the groundwork for
something more than a mere guess。 The general use which may be
made of the table is obviousbut; in this particular cipher; we
shall only very partially require its aid。 As our predominant
character is 8; we will commence by assuming it as the e of the
natural alphabet。 To verify the supposition; let us observe if the
8 be seen often in couplesfor e is doubled with great frequency
in Englishin such words; for example; as 'meet;' 'fleet;'
'speed;' 'seen;' 'been;' 'agree;' etc。 In the present instance we
see it doubled no less than five times; although the cryptograph is
brief。
〃Let us assume 8; then; as e。 Now; of all WORDS in the language;
'the' is most usual; let us see; therefore; whether there are not
repetitions of any three characters; in the same order of
collocation; the last of them being 8。 If we discover repetitions
of such letters; so arranged; they will most probably represent the
word 'the。' Upon inspection; we find no less than seven such
arrangements; the characters being ;48。 We may; therefore; assume
that ; represents t; 4 represents h; and 8 represents ethe last
being now well confirmed。 Thus a great step has been taken。
〃But; having established a single word; we are enabled to establish
a vastly important point; that is to say; several commencements and
terminations of other words。 Let us refer; for example; to the
last instance but one; in which the combination ;48 occursnot far
from the end of the cipher。 We know that the ; immediately ensuing
is the commencement of a word; and; of the six characters
succeeding this 'the;' we are cognizant of no less than five。 Let
us set these characters down; thus; by the letters we know them to
represent; leaving a space for the unknown
t eeth。
〃Here we are enabled; at once; to discard the 'th;' as forming no
portion of the word commencing with the first t; since; by
experiment of the entire alphabet for a letter adapted to the
vacancy; we perceive that no word can be formed of which this th
can be a part。 We are thus narrowed into
t ee;
and; going through the alphabet; if necessary; as before; we arrive
at the word 'tree;' as the sole possible reading。 We thus gain
another letter; r; represented by (; with the words 'the tree' in
juxtaposition。
〃Looking beyond these words; for a short distance; we again see the
combination ;48; and employ it by way of TERMINATION to what
immediately precedes。 We have thus this arrangement:
the tree ;4(4+?34 the;
or; substituting the natural letters; where known; it reads thus:
the tree thr+?3h the。
〃Now; if; in place of the unknown characters; we leave blank
spaces; or substitute dots; we read thus:
the tree thr。。。h the;
when the word 'through' makes itself evident at once。 But this
discovery gives us three new letters; o; u; and g; represented by
+; ?; and 3。
〃Looking now; narrowly; through the cipher for combinations of
known characters; we find; not very far from the beginning; this
arrangement;
83(88; or egree;
which plainly; is the conclusion of the word 'degree;' and gives us
another letter; d; represented by !。
〃Four letters beyond the word 'degree;' we perceive the combination
;46(;88。
〃Translating the known characters; and representing the unknown by
dots; as before; we read thus:
th。rtee;
an arrangement immediately suggestive of the word thirteen;' and
again furnishing us with two new characters; i and n; represented
by 6 and *。
〃Referring; now; to the beginning of the cryptograph; we find the
combination;
53++!。
〃Translating as before; we obtain
。good;
which assures us that the first letter is A; and that the first two
words are 'A good。'
〃It is now time that we arrange our key; as far as discovered; in a
tabular form; to avoid confusion。 It will stand thus:
5 represents a
! 〃 d
8 〃 e
3 〃 g
4 〃 h
6 〃 i
* 〃 n
+ 〃 o
( 〃 r
; 〃 t
? 〃 u
〃We have; therefore; no less than eleven of the most important
letters represented; and it will be unnecessary to proceed with the
details of the solution。 I have said enough to convince you that
ciphers of this nature are readily soluble; and to give you some
insight into the rationale of their development。 But be assured
that the specimen before us appertains to the very simplest species
of cryptograph。 It now only remains to give you the full
translation of the characters upon the parchment; as unriddled。
Here it is:
〃'A good glass in the bishop's hostel in the devil's seat forty…one
degrees and thirteen minutes northeast and by north main branch
seventh limb east side shoot from the left eye of the death's head
a bee…line from the tree through the shot fifty feet out。'〃
〃But;〃 said I; 〃the enigma seems still in as bad a condition as
ever。 How is it possible to extort a meaning from all this jargon
about 'devil's seats;' 'death's heads;' and 'bishop's hostels'?〃
〃I confess;〃 replied Legrand; 〃that the matter still wears a
serious aspect; when regarded with a casual glance。 My first
endeavor was to divide the sentence into the natural division
intended by the cr