the moravians in georgia-第7部分

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st　opportunely；　the　Moravian　affairs　were　fully　discussed；　and　the　new…comers　learned　that　their　arrival　had　been　fortunately　timed；　for　the　Georgia　Trustees　were　to　hold　one　of　their　semi…annual　meetings　two　days　later；　when　Oglethorpe　could　press　their　matter；　and　a　ship　was　to　sail　for　Georgia　the　latter　part　of　the　month。　Oglethorpe　was　disturbed　to　find　that　the　colonists　had　failed　to　raise　any　money　toward　their　expenses；　but　promised　to　try　and　assist　them　in　that　also。

On　the　18th　the　colonists　were　formally　presented　to　the　Trustees；　heard　the　lively　argument　for　and　against　their　cause；　and　had　the　satisfaction　of　seeing　the　vote　cast　in　their　favor。　It　was　contrary　to　the　custom　of　the　Trustees　to　grant　lands　to　any　who　did　not　come　in　person　to　apply　for　them　and　declare　their　intention　of　going　to　Georgia　to　settle；　but　Oglethorpe's　argument　that　the　high　rank　of　Count　Zinzendorf　was　entitled　to　consideration　was　accepted　and　five　hundred　acres　of　land　were　granted　to　the　Count　and　his　male　heirs。

The　Indenture　bore　date　of　Jan。　10；　1734；　Old　Style；　（Jan。　21；　1735；）*　and　the　five　hundred　acres　were　〃to　be　set　out　limited　and　bounded　in　Such　Manner　and　in　Such　Part　or　Parts　of　the　said　Province　as　shall　be　thought　most　convenient　by　such　Person　or　Persons　as　shall　by　the　said　Common　Council　be　for　that　Purpose　authorized　and　appointed；〃　there　being　a　verbal　agreement　that　the　tract　should　be　in　the　hilly　country　some　distance　from　the　coast；　which；　though　less　accessible　and　less　easily　cultivated；　lay　near　the　territory　occupied　by　the　Indians。　　Five　pounds　per　annum　was　named　as　the　quit　rent；　payment　to　begin　eight　years　later；　and　such　part　of　the　tract　as　was　not　cleared　and　improved　during　the　next　eighteen　years　was　to　revert　to　the　Trustees。　The　Trustees　also　agreed　that　they　would　reserve　two　hundred　acres　near　the　larger　tract；　and　whenever　formally　requested　by　Count　Zinzendorf；　would　grant　twenty　acres　each　〃to　such　able　bodied　Young　Men　Servants　as　should　arrive　and　settle　with　him　in　the　said　Province　of　Georgia。〃

　*　This　IS　written　correctly。　　See　the　author's　explanation　of　the　calendar　in　Chapter　IV。　　　A。　L。；　1996。　

In　addition　to　the　five　hundred　acres　granted　to　Zinzendorf；　fifty　acres　were　given　to　Spangenberg；　and　fifty　acres　to　Nitschmann；　although　as　the　latter　was　not　going　to　Georgia；　and　the　former　did　not　intend　to　stay；　this　alone　was　a　departure　from　the　custom　of　the　Trustees。　　Each　of　the　fifty　acre　grants　was　in　three　parts；　a　lot　in　the　town　of　Savannah；　a　five　acre　garden；　and　a　forty…five　acre　farm；　and　while　their　acquisition　had　not　been　a　part　of　the　Herrnhut　plan　the　colonists　readily　yielded　to　the　advice　of　their　English　friends；　who　pointed　out　the　necessity　of　having　a　place　to　stay　when　they　reached　Savannah；　and　land　that　they　could　at　once　begin　to　cultivate；　without　waiting　for　the　selection　and　survey　of　the　larger　tract。　　In　fact；　though　they　knew　it　not；　these　two　grants；　which　lay　side　by　side；　were　destined　to　be　the　scene　of　all　their　experiences　in　the　Province　of　Georgia。

The　Trustees　seem　to　have　been　pleased　with　the　appearance　of　their　new　settlers；　and　approved　of　their　taking　passage　in　the　ship　that　was　to　sail　the　latter　part　of　the　month。　　Since　the　vessel　had　been　chartered　by　the　Trustees；　they　promised　to　make　no　charge　for　such　baggage　as　the　Moravians　wished　to　take　with　them；　arranged　that　they　should　have　a　portion　of　the　ship　for　themselves　instead　of　being　quartered　with　the　other　passengers；　and　offered　Spangenberg　a　berth　in　the　Captain's　cabin。　　This　he　declined；　preferring　to　share　equally　with　his　Brethren　in　the　hardships　of　the　voyage。　Medicine　was　put　into　his　hands　to　be　dispensed　to　those　who　might　need　it；　and　he　was　requested　to　take　charge　of　about　forty　Swiss　emigrants　who　wished　to　go　in　the　same　vessel　on　their　way　to　Purisburg　in　South　Carolina；　where　they　sought　better　material　conditions　than　they　had　left　at　home。

Land　having　been　secured；　Gen。　Oglethorpe　arranged　that　the　Trustees　should　lend　the　〃First　Company〃　60　Pounds；　payable　in　five　years；　with　the　understanding　that　if　repaid　within　that　time　the　interest　should　be　remitted；　otherwise　to　be　charged　at　ten　per　cent。；　the　usual　rate　in　South　Carolina。　　Of　this　10　Pounds　was　spent　in　London　for　supplies；　and　50　Pounds　paid　their　passage　across　the　Atlantic。　The　ten　men　（Spangenberg　taking　Nitschmann's　place）　pledged　themselves　jointly　and　severally　to　the　payment　of　the　debt；　the　bond　being　signed　on　Jan。　22nd；　（Jan。　11th；　O。　S。）　the　day　after　the　grant　of　the　land。

In　addition　to　this　Oglethorpe　collected　26　Pounds　5　Shillings；　as　a　gift　for　the　Moravians；　10　Pounds　being　presented　to　them　in　cash　in　London；　and　the　rest　forwarded　to　Savannah　with　instructions　that　they　should　be　supplied　with　cattle；　hogs　and　poultry　to　that　amount。　Oglethorpe　further　instructed　Messrs。　Toojesiys　and　Baker；　of　Charlestown；　to　honor　Spangenberg's　drafts　on　him　to　the　amount　of　20　Pounds；　so　securing　the　settlers　against　possible　need　in　their　new　home。

The　next　day　Gen。　Oglethorpe　presented　Spangenberg　to　the　Bishop　of　London；　who　received　him　very　kindly。　　Oglethorpe's　idea　was　that　the　Moravians　might　ally　themselves　closely　with　the　Church　of　England；　and　that　the　Bishop　might；　if　they　wished；　ordain　one　of　their　members　from　Herrnhut。　　Spangenberg　and　Nitschmann　were　not　authorized　to　enter　into　any　such　agreement；　but　both　welcomed　the　opportunity　to　establish　pleasant　relations　with　the　English　clergy；　and　several　interviews　were　had　which　served　as　a　good　opening　for　intercourse　in　later　years。

Until　their　vessel　sailed；　the　Moravians　found　plenty　to　interest　them　in　the　〃terribly　great　city〃；　where　they　were　regarded　with　much　interest；　and　where　they　were　greatly　touched　by　the　unexpected　kindness　they　received。

They　had　interviews　with　the　Trustees；　with　Mr。　Vernon；　and　with　Gen。　Oglethorpe；　who　gave　them　much　information　as　to　what　to　expect　in　their　new　home；　and　many　suggestions　as　to　the　best　way　of　beginning　their　settlement。　　Spangenberg　was　presented　to　the　〃Society　for　the　Propagation　of　Christian　Knowledge〃；　was　courteously　received；　offered　more　books　than　he　was　willing　to　accept；　invited　to　correspond　with　the　Society；　and　urged　to　keep　on　friendly　terms　with　the　Salzburgers；　which　he　assured　them　he　sincerely　desired　to　do。　Conversations　with　Court　Preacher　Ziegenhagen　were　not　so　pleasant；　for　a　letter　had　come　from　Senior　Urlsperger　inveighing　against　the　Moravians　and　Ziegenhagen　put　forth　every　effort　to　reclaim　Spangenberg　from　the　supposed　error　of　his　ways；　and　to　persuade　him　to　stop　the　company　about　to　start　for　Georgia；　or　at　least　to　separate　himself　from　them；　and　return　to　the　old　friends　at　Halle。　　Oglethorpe　smiled　at　the　prejudice　against　the　Moravians；　and　told　them　frankly　that　efforts　had　been　made　to　influence　him；　but　he　had　preferred　to　wait　and　judge　for　himself。　〃It　has　ever　been　so；〃　he　said；　〃from　the　time　of　the　early　Christians；　it　seems　to　be　the　custom　of　theologians　to　call　others　heretics。　They　say；　in　short；　‘you　do　not　believe　what　I　believe；　a　Mohammedan　also　does　not　believe　what　I　believe；　therefore　you　are　a　Mohammedan；'　and　again　‘you　explain　this　Bible　passage　so　and　so；　the　Socinian　also　explains　it　so　and　so；　therefore　you　are　a　Socinian。'〃　　As　for　opposition；　he；　too；　was　beginning　to　find　it　since　the　Georgia　Colony　was　proving　a　success。

Meanwhile　new　friends　were　springing　up　on　every　side　of　the　Moravians。　A　doctor　helped　them　lay　in　a　store　of　medicine；　another　gave　them　some　balsam　which　was　good　for　numberless　external　and　internal　uses。　　A　German　merchant；　who　had　become　an　English　citizen；　helped　them　purchase　such　things　as　they　would　require　in　Georgia；　and　a　cobbler　assisted　Riedel　in　buying　a　shoemaker's　outfit。　　Weapons　were　offered　to　all　the　members　of　the　party；　but　declined；　as　they　wished　to　give　no　excuse　to　any　one　who　might　try　to　press　them　into　military　service。　　They　yielded；　however；　to　the　argument　that　they　would　need　to　protect　themselves　against　wolves　and　bears；　and　sent　Peter　Rose；　the　gamekeeper；　with　Mr。　Verelst；　one　of　the　secretaries　of　the　Trustees；　to　purchase　a　fowling　piece　and　hunting　knives。

Letters　of　introduction　to　various　prominent　men　in　America　were　given　to　them；　and；　perhaps　most　important　of　all　in　its　future　bearing；　people　discovered　the　peculiar　charm　of　the　Moravian　services。　Reference　is　made　in　the　diaries　to　one　and　another；　　from　English　clergyman　to　Germans　resident　in　London；　　who　joined　with　them　in　their　devotions；　and　seemed　much　moved　thereby。　　Neither　was　it　a　passing　emotion；　for　the　seed　a　little　later　blossomed　into　the　English　Moravian　Church。

And　so　the　month　passed　swiftly　by；　and　the　ship　was　ready　to　commence　her　long　voyage。




Chapter　III。　　The　First　Year　in　Georgia。



　　The　Voyage。

In　the　year　1735　a　voyage　across　the　Atlantic　was　a　very　different　thing　from　what　it　is　in　this　year　of　grace　1904。　　To…day　a　mighty　steamship　equipped　with　powerful　engines；　plows　its　way　across　the　billows　with　little　regard　for　wind　and　weather；　bearing　thousands　of　passengers；　many　of　whom　are　given　all　the　luxury　that　space　permits；　a　table　that　equals　any　provided　by　the　best　hotels　ashore；　and　attendance　that　is　unsurpassed。　　Then　weeks　were　consumed　in　the　mere　effort　to　get　away　from　the　British　Isles；　the　breeze　sometimes　permitting　the　small　sailing　vessels　to　slip　from　one　port　to　another；　and　then　holding　them　prisoner　for　days　before　another　mile　could　be　gained。　Even　the　most　aristocratic　voyager　was　forced　to　be　content　with　accommodations　and　fare　little　better　than　that　supplied　to　a　modern　steerage　passenger；　and　those　who　could　afford　it　took　with　them　a　private　stock　of　provisions　to　supplement　the　ship's　table。

And　yet　the　spell　of　adventure　or　philanthropy；　gain　or　religion；　was　strong　upon　the　souls　of　men；　and　thousands　sought　the　New　World；　where　their　imagination　saw　the　realization　of　all　their　dreams。　Bravely　they　crossed　the　fathomless　deep　which　heaved　beneath　them；　cutting　them　off　so　absolutely　from　the　loved　ones　left　at　home；　from　the　wise　counsels　of　those　on　whom　they　were　accustomed　to　de