the grand canyon of arizona-第16部分

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d　and　fifteen　feet　elevation。

Guinevere　Castle。　Still　further　to　the　east　a　winding　ridge　of　rock；　standing　over　one　of　the　many　oblique　gorges　within　the　main　gorge；　leads　up　to　a　third　dominating　figure　of　rock　sculpture。　This　is　Guinevere　Castle；　seven　thousand　two　hundred　and　fifty…five　feet。

Huethawali。　Now　let　the　eye　rest　upon　the　objects　immediately　before　it；　and　more　in　the　center　of　the　Canyon。　The　chief　object　is　an　almost　detached　mountain；　crowned　with　irregular　cross…bedded　layers　of　white　sandstone。　The　Indians　call　this　mountain　Hue…tha…wa…li；　（the　final　〃i〃　being　pronounced　as　〃e；〃）　which　signifies　White　Rock　Mountain。　This　is　now　the　name　they　give　to　Bass　Camp；　and　the　Havasupais　at　El　Tovar；　who　are　starting　for　their　Canyon　home；　will　often　remark：　〃We　go　Huethawali　tonight。〃　Its　elevation　is　six　thousand　two　hundred　and　eighty　feet。

Darwin　Plateau。　The　main　plateau　before　us　is　named　Darwin　Plateau；　after　the　learned　evolutionist。　Take　this　plateau　as　a　rude　and　misshapen　hand；　imagine　the　thumb　and　little　finger　gone；　and　it　will　be　seen　that　the　other　three　fingers　radiate　from　Darwin　Plateau　in　the　shape　of　three　irregularly　contoured；　but　fairly　level　plateaus；　Huethawali　resting　like　a　great　wart　upon　the　base　of　the　middle　one　of　the　three。　To　these　plateaus　have　been　given　the　following　names：　the　one　to　the　right　is　Grand　Scenic　Divide；　the　middle　one　is　named　Huxley　Terrace；　and　the　one　to　the　left　（the　west）　is　Spencer　Terrace。

For　a　few　moments　let　us　look　at　each　of　these　plateaus；　and　grasp　such　features　as　the　eyes　may　observe。

Grand　Scenic　Divide　and　Dick　Pillar。　Grand　Scenic　Divide　was　so　named　because　it　is　the　point　where　the　granite　of　the　Inner　Gorge　disappears　from　the　Grand　Canyon；　and　this　disappearance　makes　as　vast　and　wonderful　a　difference　in　the　Canyon　scenery　as　it　is　possible　to　find　in　its　whole　two　hundred　and　seventeen　miles　of　length。　To　the　right　of　the　Divide；　looking　eastward；　where　the　granite　is　still　in　evidence；　one　can　see　the　temples；　buttes　and　towers　that　make　the　view　from　El　Tovar　and　Grand　View　Points　so　interesting。　Looking　westward；　the　whole　aspect　changes；　so　markedly；　indeed；　that　one　scarcely　can　believe　it　to　be　the　same　Canyon。　Hence　the　appropriateness　of　the　name。　At　the　extreme　end　of　this　plateau；　a　detached　rocky　pillar　stands　peering　down　into　the　deepest　recesses　of　the　Inner　Gorge。　This　bears　the　name　Dick　Pillar；　from　Robert　Dick；　the　baker…geologist　of　Thurso；　Scotland；　who　gave　such　material　assistance　to　Hugh　Miller　in　his　studies　of　the　Old　Red　Sandstone。

Huxley　Terrace。　Huxley　Terrace　is　the　center　plateau。　At　its　end　is　an　eroded　mass　of　red　sandstone；　to　which　the　name　of　the　noted　naturalist　and　evolutionist；　Wallace；　has　been　attached。　Still　nearer　the　end；　and　belonging　to　the　marble　wall；　is　a　pagoda　named　Tyndall　Dome。

Spencer　Terrace。　Spencer　Terrace　is　the　most　western　of　the　plateaus；　and　is　where　the　Mystic　Spring　used　to　be；　which　for　many　years　gave　its　name　to　Bass's　Trailthe　Mystic　Spring　Trail。

These　three　plateaus　vary　in　width　from　a　quarter　of　a　mile　to　over　a　mile　wide；　they　are　dotted　with　what　seem　to　be　patches　of　grass；　but　which　in　reality　are　juniper　and　pinion　trees　from　ten　to　forty　feet　in　height。

Terraces　of　the　Explorers。　About　a　quarter　of　a　mile　to　the　west　of　Bass　Camp　is　the　amphitheatre　in　which　my　earlier　book；　〃In　and　Around　the　Grand　Canyon；〃　and　a　large　part　of　the　present　book　were　written。　From　this　restful　spot　I　have　looked　out　thousands　of　times　across　the　great　bend　of　the　river　and　Garnet　Canyon　to　the　five　terraces　named　after　the　early…day　Spanish　explorers；　Marcos；　De　Vaca；　Tovar；　Alarcon；　and　Garces。

Points　of　the　Explorers。　To　the　west　stands　out　Chemehuevi　Point；　six　thousand　six　hundred　and　twenty…six　feet；　while　across　the　river；　terminating　Powell　Plateau；　are　Wheeler　Point；　six　thousand　seven　hundred　and　fifty　feet；　and　just　beyond　it　Ives　Point；　six　thousand　six　hundred　feet。

To　the　north　of　Ives　Point；　but　hidden　from　view；　are　Beale　Point；　six　thousand　six　hundred　and　ninety…five　feet；　Thompson　Point；　six　thousand　seven　hundred　and　thirty　feet；　and　Newberry　Point；　six　thousand　seven　hundred　and　fifty　feet；　all　named　after　early　Arizona　explorers　and　geologists。

Conquistadore　Aisle　and　Steamboat　Mountain。　The　dark　chasm　of　the　river　itself；　where　it　moves　almost　due　west；　has　been　named　Conquistadore　Aisle；　in　honor　of　the　men　whose　names　are　attached　to　the　terraces　above。　Here　the　river　again　curves；　and　its　course　is　seen　to　be　to　the　northeast；　as　if　doubling　behind　Powell　Plateau。　It　then　turns　back　upon　itself；　and　goes　to　the　southwest。　If　the　conditions　are　favorable；　one　may　see；　to　the　left　of　Ives　Point；　a　majestic　butte；　detached　from　the　further　wall　of　the　Canyon；　and　generally　known　as　Steamboat　Mountain。　It　is　an　object　of　great　interest；　when　seen　from　the　saddle　on　the　north　rim　by　those　who　have　crossed　the　Canyon　and　are　journeying　to　Point　Sublime。

The　Scenic　Divide。　Now　let　the　observer　compare　the　view　to　the　left　with　that　which　he　has　carefully　examined　on　the　right。　There；　in　the　latter　view；　are　towers　and　buttes；　detached　monuments；　and　a　perfect　bewilderment　of　scenic　features；　here；　to　the　left；　save　for　the　aisles；　terraces　and　further　wall；　there　is　little　to　attract　attention。　The　view；　comparatively；　is　uninteresting。　The　reason　for　this　is　clear。　The　granite　of　the　Inner　Gorge　has　disappeared。　Here　is　the　Scenic　Divide；　the　natural　line　of　demarcation　between　two　distinctive　portions　of　the　Canyon；　the　scenery　of　which　is　markedly　diverse。　Where　the　granite　is　in　evidence；　the　stratified　rocks　resting　upon　it　are　carved　into　varied　forms：　Where　the　river　flows　through　the　stratified　rocks；　and　no　granite　appears；　there　are　few　or　no　buttes；　no　towers；　no　monuments。　Nowhere　else；　in　the　accessible　portions　of　the　Canyon；　is　this　difference　seen；　for　at　Grand　View；　the　head　of　the　old　Hance　Trail；　the　Red　Canyon　Trail；　Boucher's　and　the　Bright　Angel　Trails；　the　outlooks　are　over　areas　where　the　granite　has　thrust　itself　out　of　the　bowels　of　the　earth。

Bass's　Cable　Crossing。　The　ride　down　Bass's　Trail　is　an　interesting　one；　passing　on　the　way　two　prehistoric　water…pockets　and　several　cliff…dwellings。　On　the　plateau　below；　forty　miles　of　trail　riding；　almost　on　the　level；　may　be　indulged　in；　before　one　descends　the　narrow　Canyon　to　Bed　Rock　Camp　and　the　river。　Here　a　ferry　and　cable　crossing　have　been　established；　the　former　for　use　during　low　water；　while；　after　the　flood　season　begins；　the　latter　enables　travelers　and　stock　to　make　a　safe　passage　in　the　cage　suspended　from　the　cable。



CHAPTER　XII。　Across　The　Grand　Canyon　To　Point　Sublime

Point　Sublime。　Point　Sublime　is　one　of　the　most　important　promontories　on　the　north　rim。　It　was　here　that　the　geologist…poet；　Clarence　Dutton；　wrote　many　of　his　descriptions　of　Canyon　scenery。　He　says：　〃The　supreme　views　are　to　be　obtained　at　the　extremities　of　the　long　promontories；　which　jut　out　between　the　recesses　far　into　the　gulf。　Sitting　upon　the　edge　we　contemplate　the　most　sublime　and　awe…inspiring　spectacle　in　the　world。　The　length　of　canyon　revealed　clearly　and　in　detail　at　Point　Sublime　is　about　twenty…five　miles　in　each　direction。　Towards　the　northwest　the　vista　terminates　behind　the　projecting　mass　of　Powell's　Plateau。　But　again　to　the　westward　may　be　seen　the　crests　of　the　upper　walls　reaching　through　the　Kanab　and　Uinkaret　Plateaus；　and　finally　disappearing　in　the　haze　above　Seventy…five　miles　away。

〃The　space　under　immediate　view　from　our　standpoint；　fifty　miles　long　and　ten　to　twelve　wide；　is　thronged　with　a　great　multitude　of　objects　so　vast　in　size；　so　bold　and　majestic　in　form；　so　infinite　in　their　details；　that　as　the　truth　gradually　reveals　itself　to　the　perceptions；　it　arouses　the　strongest　emotions。〃

Several　times　I　had　started　to　Point　Sublime；　but　there　were　difficulties　about　the　trail。　Sometime　before　1900；　Mr。　Bass　completed　a　trail　on　the　north　side　of　the　river；　up　under　the　shoulders　of　Powell　Plateau　and　out　to　the　desired　location。

Starting　for　Point　Sublime。　In　August；　1901；　a　party　was　arranged；　consisting　of　Mrs。　J。　B。　Gayler；　of　Ridgewood；　New　Jersey；　a　learned　doctor　from　St。　Louis；　Mr。　Bass　and　myself。　On　Sunday；　September　1st；　after　loading　three　pack　animals　with　provisions　and　bedding　needed　for　the　trip；　we　set　out　down　the　trail；　headed　for　Point　Sublime。　To　the　ferry　nothing　of　particular　interest　occurred。

From　this　point　on　I　shall　use　the　diary　of　Mrs。　Gayler　as　the　basis　of　my　descriptions；　adding　thereto　or　condensing　when　necessary。　It　is　written　in　the　present　tense；　which　will　be　preserved　throughout。

At　the　River。　She　says：　〃The　sight　of　the　river　rouses　me　to　a　considerable　pitch　of　enthusiasm。　How　dirty　and　muddy　a　river　it　is；　and　how　it　roars　and　rages。　There　is　a　great　rapid　a　quarter　of　a　mile　above　where　we　cross。　While　we　are　to　cross　in　still　water；　the　current　is　strong　and　bears　one　on　to　the　worst　rapid　in　the　whole　river。　It　is　named　Stanton　Rapid；　for　at　that　point　one　of　his　boats　was　dashed　to　splinters。　He　numbered　it　No。　241。

〃We　part　with　our　animals　near　a　little　shelter　at　the　top　of　the　Archaean　rocks　and　scramble　down　a　slippery　trail。

Crossing　the　River。　〃With　some　trepidation　I　enter　the　boat；　a　few　articles　are　thrown　in；　Dad　takes　the　oars；　some　one　pushes　us　off　and　we　are　fairly　on　the　stream。　The　boat　soon　strikes　the　sandy　landing　on　the　other　side；　a　considerable　distance　below；　and　Dad　hands　me　out　with　care　and　courtesy。　I　occupy　myself　looking　at　the　structure　of　the　rocks。　There　are　many　curious　faults　and　flexures。　The　river　very　strange；　walls　black；　gloomy　and　precipitous。　The　landing　on　the　south　side　was　solid　rock；　here　a　bit　of　sandy　beach　between　bars　of　rock。　The　Doctor　is　already　here。　He　makes　a　fire　of　driftwood　near　the　wall　of　black　rock　under　which　is　the　stretch　of　sand。　I　pick　out　my　sleeping　place　and　begin　the　making　of　my　bed。

〃James；　Bass　and　Dad　go　back　and　forth　across　the　river　many　times　to　bring　our　stuff；　and　daylight　is　entirely　gone　long　before　the　job　is　completed。

Supper　on　the　Sand。　〃I　try　to　help　in　carrying　things　up　the　bank　b