anomalies and curiosities of medicine-第54部分

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tion　and　remarkable　development　of　the　infraorbital　ridge　of　the　maxillary　bone。　He　described　several　cases；　and　through　an　interpreter　found　that　they　were　congenital；　followed　no　history　of　traumatism；　caused　little　inconvenience；　and　were　unassociated　with　disturbance　of　the　sense　of　smell。　He　also　learned　that　the　deformity　was　quite　rare　in　the　Cape　Coast　region；　and　received　no　information　tending　to　prove　the　conjecture　that　the　tribes　in　West　Africa　used　artificial　means　to　produce　the　anomaly；　although　such　custom　is　prevalent　among　many　aborigines。

Probably　the　most　remarkable　case　of　a　horn　was　that　of　Paul　Rodrigues；　a　Mexican　porter；　who；　from　the　upper　and　lateral　part　of　his　head；　had　a　horn　14　inches　in　circumference　and　divided　into　three　shafts；　which　he　concealed　by　constantly　wearing　a　peculiarly　shaped　red　cap。　There　is　in　Paris　a　wax　model　of　a　horn；　eight　or　nine　inches　in　length；　removed　from　an　old　woman　by　the　celebrated　Souberbielle。　Figure　75　is　from　a　wax　model　supposed　to　have　been　taken　from　life；　showing　an　enormous　grayish…black　horn　proceeding　from　the　forehead。　Warren　mentions　a　case　under　the　care　of　Dubois；　in　a　woman　from　whose　forehead　grew　a　horn　six　inches　in　diameter　and　six　inches　in　height。　It　was　hard　at　the　summit　and　had　a　fetid　odor。　In　1696　there　was　an　old　woman　in　France　who　constantly　shed　long　horns　from　her　forehead；　one　of　which　was　presented　to　the　King。　Bartholinus　mentions　a　horn　12　inches　long。　Voigte　cites　the　case　of　an　old　woman　who　had　a　horn　branching　into　three　portions；　coming　from　her　forehead。　Sands　speaks　of　a　woman　who　had　a　horn　6　3/4　inches　long；　growing　from　her　head。　There　is　an　account　of　the　extirpation　of　a　horn　nearly　ten　inches　in　length　from　the　forehead　of　a　woman　of　eighty…two。　Bejau　describes　a　woman　of　forty　from　whom　he　excised　an　excrescence　resembling　a　ram's　horn；　growing　from　the　left　parietal　region。　It　curved　forward　and　nearly　reached　the　corresponding　tuberosity。　It　was　eight　cm。　long；　two　cm。　broad　at　the　base；　and　1　1/2　cm。　at　the　apex；　and　was　quite　mobile。　It　began　to　grow　at　the　age　of　eleven　and　had　constantly　increased。　Vidal　presented　before　the　Academie　de　Medecine　in　1886　a　twisted　horn　from　the　head　of　a　woman。　This　excrescence　was　ten　inches　long；　and　at　the　time　of　presentation　reproduction　of　it　was　taking　place　in　the　woman。　Figure　76　shows　a　case　of　ichthyosis　cornea　pictured　in　the　Lancet；　1850。　

There　was　a　woman　of　seventy…five；　living　near　York；　who　had　a　horny　growth　from　the　face　which　she　broke　off　and　which　began　to　reproduce；　the　illustration　representing　the　growth　during　twelve　months。　Lall　mentions　a　horn　from　the　cheek；　Gregory　reports　one　that　measured　7　1/2　inches　long　that　was　removed　from　the　temple　of　a　woman　in　Edinburgh；　Chariere　of　Barnstaple　saw　a　horn　that　measured　seven　inches　growing　from　the　nape　of　a　woman's　neck；　Kameya　Iwa　speaks　of　a　dermal　horn　of　the　auricle；　Saxton　of　New　York　has　excised　several　horns　from　the　tympanic　membrane　of　the　ear；　Noyes　speaks　of　one　from　the　eyelid；　Bigelow　mentions　one　from　the　chin；　Minot　speaks　of　a　horn　from　the　lower　lip；　and　Doran　of　one　from　the　neck。

Gould　cites　the　instance　of　a　horn　growing　from　an　epitheliomatous　penis。　The　patient　was　fifty…two　years　of　age　and　the　victim　of　congenital　phimosis。　He　was　circumcised　four　years　previously；　and　shortly　after　the　wound　healed　there　appeared　a　small　wart；　followed　by　a　horn　about　the　size　of　a　marble。　Jewett　speaks　of　a　penile　horn　3　1/2　inches　long　and　3　3/4　inches　in　diameter；　Pick　mentions　one　2　1/2　inches　long。　There　is　an　account　of　a　Russian　peasant　boy　who　had　a　horn　on　his　penis　from　his　earliest　childhood。　Johnson　mentions　a　case　of　a　horn　from　the　scrotum；　which　was　of　sebaceous　origin　and　was　subsequently　supplanted　by　an　epithelioma。

Ash　reported　the　case　of　a　girl　named　Annie　Jackson；　living　in　Waterford；　Ireland；　who　had　horny　excrescences　from　her　joints；　arms；　axillae；　nipples；　ears；　and　forehead。　Locke　speaks　of　a　boy　at　the　Hopital　de　la　Charite　in　Paris；　who　had　horny　excrescences　four　inches　long　and　11　inches　in　circumference　growing　from　his　fingers　and　toes。

Wagstaffe　presents　a　horn　which　grew　from　the　middle　of　the　leg　six　inches　below　the　knee　in　a　woman　of　eighty。　It　was　a　flattened　spiral　of　more　than　two　turns；　and　during　forty　years'　growth　had　reached　the　length　of　14。3　inches。　Its　height　was　3。8　inches；　its　skin…attachment　1。5　inches　in　diameter；　and　it　ended　in　a　blunt　extremity　of　0。5　inch　in　diameter。　Stephens　mentions　a　dermal　horn　on　the　buttocks　at　the　seat　of　a　carcinomatous　cicatrix。　Harris　and　Domonceau　speak　of　horns　from　the　leg。　Cruveilhier　saw　a　Mexican　Indian　who　had　a　horn　four　inches　long　and　eight　inches　in　circumference　growing　from　the　left　lumbar　region。　It　had　been　sawed　off　twice　by　the　patient's　son　and　was　finally　extirpated　by　Faget。　The　length　of　the　pieces　was　12　inches。　Bellamy　saw　a　horn　on　the　clitoris　about　the　size　of　a　tiger's　claw　in　a　its　origin　from　beneath　the　preputium　clitoridis。

Horns　are　generally　solitary　but　cases　of　multiple　formation　are　known　Lewin　and　Heller　record　a　syphilitic　case　with　eight　cutaneous　horns　on　the　palms　and　soles。　A　female　patient　of　Manzuroff　had　as　many　as　185　horns。

Pancoast　reports　the　case　of　a　man　whose　nose；　cheeks；　forehead；　and　lips　were　covered　with　horny　growths；　which　had　apparently　undergone　epitheliomatous　degeneration。　The　patient　was　a　sea…captain　of　seventy…eight；　and　had　been　exposed　to　the　winds　all　his　life。　He　had　suffered　three　attacks　of　erysipelas　from　prolonged　exposure。　When　he　consulted　Pancoast　the　horns　had　nearly　all　fallen　off　and　were　brought　to　the　physician　for　inspection；　and　the　photograph　was　taken　after　the　patient　had　tied　the　horns　in　situ　on　his　face。

Anomalies　of　the　Hair。Congenital　alopecia　is　quite　rare；　and　it　is　seldom　that　we　see　instances　of　individuals　who　have　been　totally　destitute　of　hair　from　birth。　Danz　knew　of　two　adult　sons　of　a　Jewish　family　who　never　had　hair　or　teeth。　Sedgwick　quotes　the　case　of　a　man　of　fifty…eight　who　ever　since　birth　was　totally　devoid　of　hair　and　in　whom　sensible　perspiration　and　tears　were　absent。　A　cousin　on　his　mother's　side；　born　a　year　before　him；　had　precisely　the　same　peculiarity。　Buffon　says　that　the　Turks　and　some　other　people　practised　depilatory　customs　by　the　aid　of　ointments　and　pomades；　principally　about　the　genitals。　Atkinson　exhibited　in　Philadelphia　a　man　of　forty　who　never　had　any　distinct　growth　of　hair　since　birth；　was　edentulous；　and　destitute　of　the　sense　of　smell　and　almost　of　that　of　taste。　He　had　no　apparent　perspiration；　and　when　working　actively　he　was　obliged　to　wet　his　clothes　in　order　to　moderate　the　heat　of　his　body。　He　could　sleep　in　wet　clothes　in　a　damp　cellar　without　catching　cold。　There　was　some　hair　in　the　axillae　and　on　the　pubes；　but　only　the　slightest　down　on　the　scalp；　and　even　that　was　absent　on　the　skin。　His　maternal　grandmother　and　uncle　were　similarly　affected；　he　was　the　youngest　of　21　children；　had　never　been　sick；　and　though　not　able　to　chew　food　in　the　ordinary　manner；　he　had　never　suffered　from　dyspepsia　in　any　form。　He　was　married　and　had　eight　children。　Of　these；　two　girls　lacked　a　number　of　teeth；　but　had　the　ordinary　quantity　of　hair。　Hill　speaks　of　an　aboriginal　man　in　Queensland　who　was　entirely　devoid　of　hair　on　the　head；　face；　and　every　part　of　the　body。　He　had　a　sister；　since　dead；　who　was　similarly　hairless。　Hill　mentions　the　accounts　given　of　another　black　tribe；　about　500　miles　west　of　Brisbane；　that　contained　hairless　members。　This　is　very　strange；　as　the　Australian　aboriginals　are　a　very　hairy　race　of　people。

Hutchinson　mentions　a　boy　of　three　and　a　half　in　whom　there　was　congenital　absence　of　hair　and　an　atrophic　condition　of　the　skin　and　appendages。　His　mother　was　bald　from　the　age　of　six；　after　alopecia　areata。　Schede　reports　two　cases　of　congenitally　bald　children　of　a　peasant　woman　（a　boy　of　thirteen　and　a　girl　of　six　months）。　They　had　both　been　born　quite　bald；　and　had　remained　so。　In　addition　there　were　neither　eyebrows　nor　eyelashes　and　nowhere　a　trace　of　lanugo。　The　children　were　otherwise　healthy　and　well　formed。　The　parents　and　brothers　were　healthy　and　possessed　a　full　growth　of　hair。　Thurman　reports　a　case　of　a　man　of　fifty…eight；　who　was　almost　devoid　of　hair　all　his　life　and　possessed　only　four　teeth。　His　skin　was　very　delicate　and　there　was　absence　of　sensible　perspiration　and　tears。　The　skin　was　peculiar　in　thinness；　softness；　and　absence　of　pigmentation。　The　hair　on　the　crown　of　the　head　and　back　was　very　fine；　short；　and　soft；　and　not　more　in　quantity　than　that　of　an　infant　of　three　months。　There　was　a　similar　peculiarity　in　his　cousin…german。　Williams　mentions　the　case　of　a　young　lady　of　fifteen　with　scarcely　any　hair　on　the　eyebrows　or　head　and　no　eyelashes。　She　was　edentulous　and　had　never　sensibly　perspired。　She　improved　under　tonic　treatment。

Rayer　quotes　the　case　of　Beauvais；　who　was　a　patient　in　the　Hopital　de　la　Charite　in　1827。　The　skin　of　this　man's　cranium　was　apparently　completely　naked；　although　in　examining　it　narrowly　it　was　found　to　be　beset　with　a　quantity　of　very　white　and　silky　hair；　similar　to　the　down　that　covers　the　scalp　of　infants；　here　and　there　on　the　temples　there　were　a　few　black　specks；　occasioned　by　the　stumps　of　several　hairs　which　the　patient　had　shaved　off。　The　eyebrows　were　merely　indicated　by　a　few　fine　and　very　short　hairs；　the　free　edges　of　the　eyelids　were　without　cilia；　but　the　bulb　of　each　of　these　was　indicated　by　a　small；　whitish　point。　The　beard　was　so　thin　and　weak　that　Beauvais　clipped　it　off　only　every　three　weeks。　A　few　straggling　hairs　were　observed　on　the　breast　and　pubic　region；　as　in　young　people　on　the　approach　of　puberty。　There　was　scarcely　any　under　the　axillae。　It　was　rather　more　abundant　on　the　inner　parts　of　the　legs。　The　voice　was　like　that　of　a　full…grown　and　well…constituted　man。　Beauvais　was　of　an　amorous　disposition　and　had　had　syphilis　twice。　His　mother　and　both　sisters　had　good　heads　of　hair；　but　his　father　presented　the　same　defects　as　Beauvais。

Instances　are　on　record　of　women　devoid　of　hair　about　the　genital　region。　Riolan　says　that　he　examined　the　body　of　a　female