travels with a donkey in the cevennes-及18何蛍
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
Cevennes still Protestant。 It is not a basketful of law´papers�察�
nor the hoofs and pistol´butts of a regiment of horse�察�that can
change one tittle of a ploughman's thoughts。 Outdoor rustic people
have not many ideas�察�but such as they have are hardy plants�察�and
thrive flourishingly in persecution。 One who has grown a long
while in the sweat of laborious noons�察�and under the stars at
night�察�a frequenter of hills and forests�察�an old honest countryman�察�
has�察�in the end�察�a sense of communion with the powers of the
universe�察�and amicable relations towards his God。 Like my mountain
Plymouth Brother�察�he knows the Lord。 His religion does not repose
upon a choice of logic�察�it is the poetry of the man's experience�察�
the philosophy of the history of his life。 God�察�like a great
power�察�like a great shining sun�察�has appeared to this simple fellow
in the course of years�察�and become the ground and essence of his
least reflections�察�and you may change creeds and dogmas by
authority�察�or proclaim a new religion with the sound of trumpets�察�
if you will�察�but here is a man who has his own thoughts�察�and will
stubbornly adhere to them in good and evil。 He is a Catholic�察�a
Protestant�察�or a Plymouth Brother�察�in the same indefeasible sense
that a man is not a woman�察�or a woman not a man。 For he could not
vary from his faith�察�unless he could eradicate all memory of the
past�察�and�察�in a strict and not a conventional meaning�察�change his
mind。
THE HEART OF THE COUNTRY
I WAS now drawing near to Cassagnas�察�a cluster of black roofs upon
the hillside�察�in this wild valley�察�among chestnut gardens�察�and
looked upon in the clear air by many rocky peaks。 The road along
the Mimente is yet new�察�nor have the mountaineers recovered their
surprise when the first cart arrived at Cassagnas。 But although it
lay thus apart from the current of men's business�察�this hamlet had
already made a figure in the history of France。 Hard by�察�in
caverns of the mountain�察�was one of the five arsenals of the
Camisards�察�where they laid up clothes and corn and arms against
necessity�察�forged bayonets and sabres�察�and made themselves
gunpowder with willow charcoal and saltpetre boiled in kettles。 To
the same caves�察�amid this multifarious industry�察�the sick and
wounded were brought up to heal�察�and there they were visited by the
two surgeons�察�Chabrier and Tavan�察�and secretly nursed by women of
the neighbourhood。
Of the five legions into which the Camisards were divided�察�it was
the oldest and the most obscure that had its magazines by
Cassagnas。 This was the band of Spirit Seguier�察�men who had joined
their voices with his in the 68th Psalm as they marched down by
night on the archpriest of the Cevennes。 Seguier�察�promoted to
heaven�察�was succeeded by Salomon Couderc�察�whom Cavalier treats in
his memoirs as chaplain´general to the whole army of the Camisards。
He was a prophet�察�a great reader of the heart�察�who admitted people
to the sacrament or refused them�察�by 'intensively viewing every
man' between the eyes�察�and had the most of the Scriptures off by
rote。 And this was surely happy�察�since in a surprise in August
1703�察�he lost his mule�察�his portfolios�察�and his Bible。 It is only
strange that they were not surprised more often and more
effectually�察�for this legion of Cassagnas was truly patriarchal in
its theory of war�察�and camped without sentries�察�leaving that duty
to the angels of the God for whom they fought。 This is a token�察�
not only of their faith�察�but of the trackless country where they
harboured。 M。 de Caladon�察�taking a stroll one fine day�察�walked
without warning into their midst�察�as he might have walked into 'a
flock of sheep in a plain��' and found some asleep and some awake
and psalm´singing。 A traitor had need of no recommendation to
insinuate himself among their ranks�察�beyond 'his faculty of singing
psalms'�察�and even the prophet Salomon 'took him into a particular
friendship。' Thus�察�among their intricate hills�察�the rustic troop
subsisted�察�and history can attribute few exploits to them but
sacraments and ecstasies。
People of this tough and simple stock will not�察�as I have just been
saying�察�prove variable in religion�察�nor will they get nearer to
apostasy than a mere external conformity like that of Naaman in the
house of Rimmon。 When Louis XVI。�察�in the words of the edict�察�
'convinced by the uselessness of a century of persecutions�察�and
rather from necessity than sympathy��' granted at last a royal grace
of toleration�察�Cassagnas was still Protestant�察�and to a man�察�it is
so to this day。 There is�察�indeed�察�one family that is not
Protestant�察�but neither is it Catholic。 It is that of a Catholic
CURE in revolt�察�who has taken to his bosom a schoolmistress。 And
his conduct�察�it is worth noting�察�is disapproved by the Protestant
villagers。
'It is a bad idea for a man��' said one�察�'to go back from his
engagements。'
The villagers whom I saw seemed intelligent after a countrified
fashion�察�and were all plain and dignified in manner。 As a
Protestant myself�察�I was well looked upon�察�and my acquaintance with
history gained me further respect。 For we had something not unlike
a religious controversy at table�察�a gendarme and a merchant with
whom I dined being both strangers to the place�察�and Catholics。 The
young men of the house stood round and supported me�察�and the whole
discussion was tolerantly conducted�察�and surprised a man brought up
among the infinitesimal and contentious differences of Scotland。
The merchant�察�indeed�察�grew a little warm�察�and was far less pleased
than some others with my historical acquirements。 But the gendarme
was mighty easy over it all。
'It's a bad idea for a man to change��' said he�察�and the remark was
generally applauded。
That was not the opinion of the priest and soldier at Our Lady of
the Snows。 But this is a different race�察�and perhaps the same
great´heartedness that upheld them to resist�察�now enables them to
differ in a kind spirit。 For courage respects courage�察�but where a
faith has been trodden out�察�we may look for a mean and narrow
population。 The true work of Bruce and Wallace was the union of
the nations�察�not that they should stand apart a while longer�察�
skirmishing upon their borders�察�but that�察�when the time came�察�they
might unite with self´respect。
The merchant was much interested in my journey�察�and thought it
dangerous to sleep afield。
'There are the wolves��' said he�察�'and then it is known you are an
Englishman。 The English have always long purses�察�and it might very
well enter into some one's head to deal you an ill blow some
night。'
I told him I was not much afraid of such accidents�察�and at any rate
judged it unwise to dwell upon alarms or consider small perils in
the arrangement of life。 Life itself�察�I submitted�察�was a far too
risky business as a whole to make each additional particular of
danger worth regard。 'Something��' said I�察�'might burst in your
inside any day of the week�察�and there would be an end of you�察�if
you were locked into your room with three turns of the key。'
'CEPENDANT��' said he�察�'COUCHER DEHORS��'
'God��' said I�察�'is everywhere。'
'CEPENDANT�察�COUCHER DEHORS��' he repeated�察�and his voice was
eloquent of terror。
He was the only person�察�in all my voyage�察�who saw anything hardy in
so simple a proceeding�察�although many considered it superfluous。
Only one�察�on the other hand�察�professed much delight in the idea�察�
and that was my Plymouth Brother�察�who cried out�察�when I told him I
sometimes preferred sleeping under the stars to a close and noisy
ale´house�察�'Now I see that you know the Lord��'
The merchant asked me for one of my cards as I was leaving�察�for he
said I should be something to talk of in the future�察�and desired me
to make a note of his request and reason�察�a desire with which I
have thus complied。
A little after two I struck across the Mimente�察�and took a rugged
path southward up a hillside covered with loose stones and tufts of
heather。 At the top�察�as is the habit of the country�察�the path
disappeared�察�and I left my she´ass munching heather�察�and went
forward alone to seek a road。
I was now on the separation of two vast water´sheds�察�behind me all
the streams were bound for the Garonne and the Western Ocean�察�
before me was the basin of the Rhone。 Hence�察�as from the Lozere�察�
you can see in clear weather the shining of the Gulf of Lyons�察�and
perhaps from here the soldiers of Salomon may have watched for the
topsails of Sir Cloudesley Shovel�察�and the long´promised aid from
England。 You may take this ridge as lying in the heart of the
country of the Camisards�察�four of the five legions camped all round
it and almost within view ´ Salomon and Joani to the north�察�
Castanet and Roland to the south�察�and when Julien had finished his
famous work�察�the devastation of the High Cevennes�察�which lasted all
through October and November 1703�察�and during which four hundred
and sixty villages and hamlets were�察�with fire and pickaxe�察�utterly
subverted�察�a man standing on this eminence would have looked forth
upon a silent�察�smokeless�察�and dispeopled land。 Time and man's
activity have now repaired these ruins�察�Cassagnas is once more
roofed and sending up domestic smoke�察�and in the chestnut gardens�察�
in low and leafy corners�察�many a prosperous farmer returns�察�when
the day's work is done�察�to his children and bright hearth。 And
still it was perhaps the wildest view of all my journey。 Peak upon
peak�察�chain upon chain of hills ran surging southward�察�channelled
and sculptured by the winter streams�察�feathered from head to foot
with chestnuts�察�and here and there breaking out into a coronal of
cliffs。 The sun�察�which was still far from setting�察�sent a drift of
misty gold across the hill´tops�察�but the