life of francis marion(献席廉某,瀧旋量勧)-及13何蛍
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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
the operation of both sentiments�察�the people of that tract of country�察�on a
line�察�stretching from Camden across to the mouth of Black creek�察�on Pedee�察�
including generally both banks of the Wateree�察�Santee and Pedee�察�down to
the sea coast�察 �were now ��excepting Harrison's party on Lynch's creek��
either ready or preparing to join Gen。 Marion。 Many had already served
under him�察�within the lines of the British or tories�察�and submitted to all the
subsequent losses�察�which although the more to their credit�察�it is now much
to be regretted�察�that they cannot be particularized。 As to the people of old
Cheraw district�察 �above the line designated�察 �and especially on the Pedee�察�
they were at this time under their leader Gen。 Thomas�察 �waging an
exterminating warfare with the tories on their borders�察�which still remains�察�
and it is more than probable ever will remain�察�unrecorded。
From Benbow's ferry�察 �Gen。 Marion's first expedition was planned
against Georgetown。 The formidable enemy he had nearly encountered�察�
had not diminished his energies。 Georgetown�察 �at that period�察 �and
afterwards�察�was often the point to which his views were directed�察�since it
was there only he expected to take the supplies of ammunition�察�clothing
and salt�察�which he sorely wanted。 To expedite his scheme he crossed Black
river�察 �at Potato ferry�察 �a retired place�察 �and proceeded on towards
Georgetown by the Gap way。 Three miles from the town there is a
swamp called White's bay��* which discharges itself by two mouths�察 �the
one into Black river�察�the other into Sampit�察�thus insulating the town。 Over
the one�察�which empties itself into Sampit�察�there is a bridge�察�two miles from
Georgetown�察�called White's bridge。 Back of these swamps�察�Gen。 Marion
took his stand�察 �near a place called the Camp�察 �above the bridge。 Here he
despatched Col。 P。 Horry towards the Black river�察�and Capt。 John Melton
to the Sampit road�察�both leading into the town�察�to reconnoitre。 At White's
plantation�察�Horry fell in with Capt。 Merritt�察�who�察�with a few dragoons�察�was
escorting a couple of ladies from Georgetown�察 �Merritt�察 �after defending
himself bravely�察�escaped and gave the alarm。 Melton�察�unfortunately�察�came
in contact with a party of tories�察�under Barefield�察�much larger than his own�察�
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who were patroling near the bridge。 A few shots were exchanged�察 �and
Melton was compelled to retreat。 But in this short affair Gabriel Marion�察�
nephew of the general�察 �had his horse killed under him�察 �and was taken
prisoner�察�but as soon as his name was announced�察�he was inhumanely shot。
The instrument of death was planted so near that it burnt his linen at the
breast。 He had been a lieutenant in the second regiment�察 �was a young
gentleman of good education�察 �of whom high expectations were formed�察�
and who was much beloved in the brigade。 As the general had no children�察�
he mourned over this nephew�察�as would a father over an only son�察�but he
soon recollected that he had an example to set�察�and shortly after publicly
expressed this consolation for himself that his nephew was a virtuous
young man that he had fallen in the cause of his country�察�and he would
mourn over him no more。 At the same time Mr。 Swaineau�察�a worthy man�察�
was killed。 Ere this�察 �he had exercised the peaceful profession of a
schoolmaster�察 �but finding there was no employment for him in these
perilous times�察 �he had boldly shouldered the musket�察 �and died a soldier。
But so prone are mankind to pass over the merits of this most useful class
of men�察�that had he not fallen by the side of a Marion�察�perhaps his memory
would have been forgotten。 About the same time�察 �Mr。 Bentley�察 �another
schoolmaster�察�was killed in action。 The suspension of all public education�察�
which led to the fate of such men�察�and the discontinuance of all religious
worship�察�hereafter more particularly noticed�察�are striking instances of the
calamitous state of the country during this period。
* Inland swamps in the lower and middle country are called ~Bays~�察�
from their natural growth�察 �which is the ~bay~ tree�察 �a name sufficiently
appropriate。
The British in Georgetown being now alarmed�察 �Gen。 Marion's wise
scheme to surprise them was frustrated�察 �and he retired to Snow's island。
This island became henceforth the most constant place of his encampment�察�
a secure retreat�察�a depot for his arms and ammunition�察�and�察�under similar
pressures�察�a second ~Athelney~�察�from which he might sally out upon the
modern�察�but no less ferocious plunderers than their ancestors�察�the Danes。
Snow's island�察�not quite so marshy as was the retreat of the great Alfred�察�
lies at the confluence of Lynch's creek and the Pedee。 On the east flows
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the Pedee�察 �on the west Clark's creek�察 �a navigable stream�察 �issuing from
Lynch's creek above�察�and on the north lies Lynch's creek�察�nearly choked up
by rafts of logs�察�but wide and deep。 The island is high river swamp�察�and
large�察 �of itself affording much provision and live stock�察 �as did all the
Pedee river swamp at that day。 In places�察�there were open cultivated lands
on the island�察�but it was much covered by thick woods and cane brakes�察�it
was also near to Ganey's party of tories�察 �and by crossing the river�察 �and
marching two or three hours�察�Marion could forage in an enemy's country。
All these advantages were well suited to the views of such a leader as Gen。
Marion�察 �and the reader is to bear in mind that such was the kind of
swamps he commonly occupied。 Reinforcements were now coming in to
him daily�察�and his party began at this time to assume the appearance and
force of a brigade。 He lay here to receive them�察�and to repose his men�察�and
horses�察 �which�察 �from the time he left the White marsh until he halted at
Snow's island�察�had passed over at least three hundred and sixty miles�察�in
rapid marches and counter marches�察�made principally in the night。 Marion
now kept out a strict watch upon the enemy。 About this time�察�Lieut。 Roger
Gordon was sent out with a party�察�to patrole on Lynch's creek�察�and stopped
at a house for provisions and refreshments。 While there�察�he was attacked
by Capt。 Butler with a much larger party of tories�察�who having succeeded
in making good his approaches to the house�察�set it on fire。 Gordon then
capitulated on a promise of quarters�察�but no sooner had his party grounded
their arms�察�than they were all put to death。 Not long after�察�Col。 Kalb�察�Mr。
Thomas Evans and some others�察 �were murdered by Gibson�察 �a coloured
man�察�and his party of tories�察�in a manner still more shocking to humanity。
In the dead of night�察�Kalb's own house was surrounded�察�and set on fire�察�he�察�
his wife�察 �and family�察 �and some neighbours were in it�察 �and in bed�察 �when
awaking�察�they sued for quarters。 Gibson promised that they should not be
hurt�察�if they surrendered�察�but as soon as the men had passed out into the
light of the conflagration�察 �they were all shot。 We have some time since
mentioned the murder of the two Bradleys�察�and others�察�on Lynch's Creek�察�
and lately that of Gabriel Marion。 Such provocations were no longer to be
borne。 Henceforth�察�there commenced such a bloody warfare between the
whigs and tories�察 �as is seldom recorded in the annals of even civil
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commotion。* Besides the provocations mentioned�察�when a tory was taken
prisoner�察 �there were no means of securing him�察 �and he commonly soon
made his escape�察�and thereafter became a guide to his associates。 It was
not so with whigs who were made prisoners�察 �for they could be sent to
Georgetown or Camden。 But now�察�seldom were prisoners made on either
side�察�and if made�察�that was no security for their lives�此�they were sure to be
put to death�察 �either openly or privately�察 �by a few infuriated men�察 �who
could be subjected to no subordination。 Enough is said。 Let the rest be
buried in oblivion。
* Bella�察�plus quam civilia�察�bella�察�nullos habitura triumphos。
At and near Snow's island�察�Gen。 Marion secured what boats he wanted�察�
and burnt those more remote。 To prevent the approach of an enemy�察�he fell
upon a plan of insulating as much as possible the country under his
command。 For this purpose he broke down bridges�察�and felled trees across
causeways and difficult passes。 As there was no market in that day�察�and the
vicinity of a road was dangerous�察�the inhabitants aided him much in this
design。 History furnishes innumerable instances of the good effect of such
a system of defensive warfare。 His scouting parties moved principally in
the night�察 �and in all directions�察 �and to whatever course they turned an
enemy was easily found。 The British had posts at Nelson's ferry�察 �Scott's
lake�察�and Georgetown�察�and the tories on Lynch's creek�察�and Little Pedee�察�
were more numerous�察�but not so w