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life of francis marion(献席廉某,瀧旋量勧)-及34何蛍

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waged even after the peace with Great Britain。 

      * Capt。 Crafton's letter to Marion�察�13th June�察�1782。  



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                                           Life of Marion。 



     During      Gen。     Marion's     absence�察     �Gen。    Greene      appears�察   �from     the 

correspondence�察        �to  have    been    very    anxious     for  his   return。   After    the 

adjournment of the Jacksonborough assembly�察�he had crossed the Edisto 

and     encamped      on   the   west    side   of  Ashley     river�察  �sixteen    miles    from 

Charleston�察  �and   here   the   sufferings   of   his   men   had   risen   to   the   utmost 

extremity。      They    were    often   without     rations�察  �and    when    served�察   �it  was 

generally with lean meat without bread or rice�察�or bread or rice without the 

lean meat。 They had as yet received no pay�察�and their clothes were so worn 

and broken�察�that they were as naked as the Caffres of Africa。 Here�察�in a 

state of inaction�察�they became   mutinous�察�and were plotting to deliver up 

their commander to the enemy。 But it is surprising�察�that when mischief of 

any kind began to brew in such a situation�察�that only twelve should have 

been concerned in it�察�and it is honourable that none of those were native 

Americans。 

     About   the   9th   of   July�察  �Gen。   Marion   had   returned   to   the   Santee�察  �and 

received   orders   from   Gen。   Greene   to   remain   between   that   and   Cooper 

river�察�as heretofore。 The militia were now so far relieved�察�that�察�by law�察�they 

were obliged to turn out only one month in three�察�but were ordered�察�as we 

have   mentioned   above�察  �to   be   dismounted�察  �which   discouraged   them�察  �and 

rendered   their   movements   less   rapid。   The   experience   derived   both   from 

the   history   of   the   revolutionary   and   the   late   war�察  �fully   shows   that   the 

militia are effective only when mounted。 

     On   the   25th   of   August�察  �in   this   year�察  �Lieut。   Col。   John   Laurens   was 

killed   in   a   skirmish   at   Page's   point�察  �on   Combahee   river。   He   fell   in   the 

flower   of   his   youth�察  �and   yet   had   long   been   the   admiration   of   both   the 

contending armies。 In history the parallel to his character is perhaps to be 

found   only  in   that   of   the   Chevalier   Bayard�此  �the   knight   without   fear   and 

without reproach。 

     During the remainder of the summer of 1782�察�Gen。 Marion frequently 

changed       his  encampments         from    place    to  place�察  �between      Cooper     and 

Santee   rivers�察  �with   three   objects   constantly   in   view�察  �to   cut   off   supplies 

from the enemy�察�to prevent all surprises from their sudden irruptions�察�and 

to provide for his own men。  His scouting parties still penetrated into St。 

Thomas' parish as far as Daniel's island and Clement's ferry。 At the head of 



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                                           Life of Marion。 



one   of   these   Capt。   G。   S。   Capers   performed   a   gallant   action。   Having   the 

command of only twelve men�察�he encountered a party of twenty´six of the 

British black dragoons�察�and cut them to pieces。 They had at the time two 

or three of his neighbours in handcuffs as prisoners。 

     About the 25th of August in that year�察�Marion lay for some time at the 

plantation   of   Sir   John   Colleton�察  �the   first   above   Watboo   bridge�察  �on   the 

south side of that creek。 This with him appeared to be a favourite place of 

encampment。 It had been deserted by the owner�察�who was attached to the 

enemy�察  �and   the   mansion   and   two   extensive   ranges   of   negro   and   other 

outhouses were left open for himself and men。 He occupied the mansion 

and his men the outhouses�察�on the west towards the bridge�察�on the back of 

the   outhouses   to   the   east�察  �and   directly   in   front   of   the   dwelling�察  �there 

stretched   towards   the   road   an   extensive   avenue   of   old   cedar   trees�察  �the 

trimming   of   which   had   been   neglected   for   some   years�察  �and   their   long 

boughs   now   descended   nearly   to   the   ground。   While   encamped   in   this 

situation�察  �Gen。   Marion   heard   of   the   approach   of   Major   Fraser   with   the 

British   cavalry�察  �towards   the   Santee�察  �in   his   rear。   On   this   side   there   was 

nothing but an open old field for a mile。 None but the officers now had 

horses�察  �and   he   immediately   ordered   out   a   party   of   these�察  �under   Capt。 

Gavin   Witherspoon�察  �to   reconnoitre   the   enemy。   They   had   advanced   but 

little way in the woods beyond the old field�察�when the reconnoitring party 

were   met   by Major   Fraser   at the head   of his   corps of cavalry�察 �and   were 

immediately charged。 A long chase commenced�察�which was soon observed 

by Marion�察�and he drew up his men under the thick boughs of the cedar 

trees。    As   the  chase    advanced      towards     him   it  became     more    and    more 

interesting。  When in full view�察�either Witherspoon's horse had failed him�察�

or he fell purposely in the rear to bring up his party�察�and a British dragoon 

was     detached     to  cut   him   down。     He   advanced      until   nearly    within    his 

sword's length�察�and was rising in his stirrups to make sure of his blow�察�but 

Witherspoon had eyed him well�察�and at the instant�察�Parthian like�察�he fired 

the   contents   of   his   gun   into   his   breast。   The   good   omen   excited   much 

animation�察�and the British�察�still advancing�察�attempted to charge upon the 

left�察�but were received on that side with a well directed fire�察�which caused 

them to break and fly in great disorder。 Had Gen。 Marion's cavalry been 



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                                           Life of Marion。 



present they might now have been cut to pieces�察�but scarcity of forage had 

induced him to quarter them at the distance of six miles。 The enemy rallied 

and     manoeuvred       about    in  the   old   field  for   an   hour�察  �making     several 

different   feints   of   charging�察  �but   never   coming   in   reach   of   Marion's   fire�察�

whose men stood firm at their post。 Capt。 Gillies of the British�察�and nine 

men   and   five   horses   were   killed。  The   number   of   wounded   could   not   be 

accurately ascertained�察�but as the firing was only at the distance of thirty 

paces�察    �and   was    made    with    the   usual   charge    of   heavy    buckshot�察    �the 

proportion of these must have been greater than that of the killed on the 

usual computation。 ��29th Aug。�� On the next day�察�Gen。 Marion called out 

Capt。   Witherspoon   in   front   of   the   brigade�察  �and   gave   him   thanks   for   his 

many public services�察�but more particularly for the deed of yesterday。 

     Here ended the warfare of Marion。 Its close was as the last ray of the 

setting sun�察�in his progress through the day�察�at times shining brightly�察�at 

others   clouded   with   darkness�此  �but   at   eventide   descending   with   cheerful 

brilliancy。 Should the exploits performed�察�or the number of the enemy cut 

off�察�not equal the expectation of the reader�察�he is requested to recollect the 

lapse   of   time   which   has   intervened�察  �and   how   many   circumstances   must 

have escaped the memory of the writer�察�and particularly�察�that the loss of 

Col。 Watson�察�with whom Marion had the most arduous of all his conflicts�察�

could never be known。 He will also bear in mind the patroles which went 

out    nightly�察   �and   seldom     failed   to   do   some    execution�察     �which    like   a 

perpetual dripping corroded deeply into the force of the enemy。 If the late 

Guerilla warfare in Spain cut off so many thousands of the French in detail�察�

in   a   comparatively   open   country�察  �how   much   more   effect   would   such   a 

warfare have in woods upon an enemy more weak in proportion and more 

slowly reinforced。 Such a warfare is the one most fitted for militia and the 

most     dreaded     by  regular    troops。   But    on  the   other   hand�察   �should    it  be 

thought   by   some   that   the   present   narrative   is   too   highly   coloured�察  �the 

eulogy of Gen。 Greene�察�certainly the best judge of Gen。 Marion's merit�察�is 

here inserted�察�of which it may be remarked�察�that it was written before the 

latter had performed half of what is here related。 

     Extract of a letter from Gen。 Greene to Gen。 Marion。 ;~Camp�察�before 

Camden�察�April 24�察�1781。~ Dear Sir�察�Your favour of the 21st has just come 



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                                             Life of Marion。 



to   hand。   When   I   consider   how   much   you   have   done   and   suffered�察  �and 

under what disadvantage you have maintained your ground�察�I am at a loss 

which   to   admire   most�察  �your   courage   and   fortitude�察  �or   your   address   and 

management。 Certain it is�察�no man has a better claim to the public thanks 

than     you。    History     affords     no   instance     wherein      an    officer    has   kept 

possession       of   a   country     under    so   many     disadvantages        as   you    have。 

Surrounded on every side with a superior force�察�hunted from every quarter 

with veteran troops�察�you have found means to elude their attempts and to 

keep   alive   the   expiring   hopes   of   an   oppressed   militia�察  �when   all   succour 

seemed   to   be   cut   off。   To   fight   the   enemy   bravely   with   the   prospect   of 

victory      is  nothing�察    �but    to  fight    with    intrepidity     under     the   constant 

impression   of   a   defeat�察  �and   inspire

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