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State and family politics were clearly in a knot。  Meanwhile; the

Spanish ambassador kept pressing Montague to interfere in favor of

Marsilly。  After Montague's puzzled note had been read to the

English Foreign Committee on May 23; Arlington offered

explanations。  Marsilly came to England; he said; when Charles was

entering into negotiations for peace with Holland; and when France

seemed likely to oppose the peace。  No proposition was made to him

or by him。  Peace being made; Marsilly was given money to take him

out of the country。  He wanted the King to renew his alliance with

the Swiss cantons; but was told that the cantons must first expel

the regicides of Charles I。  He undertook to arrange this; and some

eight months later came back to England。  〃He was coldly used; and

I was complained of for not using so important a man well enough。〃





'1' Cf。 Le Secret du Roi; by the Duc de Broglie。





As we saw; Marsilly expressed the most effusive gratitude to

Arlington; which does not suggest cold usage。  Arlington told the

complainers that Marsilly was 〃another man's spy;〃 what man's;

Dutch; Spanish; or even French; he does not explain。  So Charles

gave Marsilly money to go away。  He was never trusted with anything

but the expulsion of the regicides from Switzerland。  Arlington was

ordered by Charles to write a letter thanking Balthazar for his

good offices。



These explanations by Arlington do not tally with Marsilly's

communications to him; as cited at the beginning of this inquiry。

Nothing is said in these about getting the regicides of Charles I。

out of Switzerland: the paper is entirely concerned with bringing

the Protestant Cantons into anti…French League with England;

Holland; Spain; and even Sweden。  On the other hand; Arlington's

acknowledged letter to Balthazar; carried by Marsilly; may be the

〃commission〃 of which Marsilly boasted。  In any case; on June 2;

Charles gave Colbert; the French ambassador; an audience; turning

even the Duke of York out of the room。  He then repeated to Colbert

the explanations of Arlington; already cited; and Arlington; in a

separate interview; corroborated Charles。  So Colbert wrote to

Louis (June 3; 1669); but to de Lyonne; on the same day; 〃I trust

that you will extract from Marsilly much matter for the King's

service。  It seemed to me that milord d'Arlington was uneasy about

it 'en avait de l'inquitetude'。 。 。 。  There is here in England one

Martin〃 (Eustace Dauger); 〃who has been that wretch's valet; and

who left him discontent。〃  Colbert then proposes to examine Martin;

who may know a good deal; and to send him into France。  On June 10;

Colbert writes to Louis that he expects to see Martin。'1'





'1' Bibl。 Nat。; Fonds。 Francais; No。 10665。





On June 24; Colbert wrote to Louis about a conversation with

Charles。  It is plain that proofs of a murder…plot by Marsilly were

scanty or non…existent; though Colbert averred that Marsilly had

discussed the matter with the Spanish Ministers。  〃Charles knew

that he had had much conference with Isola; the Spanish

ambassador。〃  Meanwhile; up to July 1; Colbert was trying to

persuade Marsilly's valet to go to France; which he declined to do;

as we have seen。  However; the luckless lad; by nods and by veiled

words; indicated that he knew a great deal。  But not by promise of

security and reward could the valet be induced to return to France。

〃I might ask the King to give up Martin; the valet of Marsilly; to

me;〃 Colbert concludes; and; by hook or by crook; he secured the

person of the wretched man; as we have seen。  In a postcript;

Colbert says that he has heard of the execution of Marsilly。



By July 19; as we saw in the previous essay; Louvois was bidding

Saint…Mars expect; at Pignerol from Dunkirk; a prisoner of the

highest political importance; to be guarded with the utmost

secrecy; yet a valet。  That valet must be Martin; now called

Eustache Dauger; and his secret can only be connected with

Marsilly。  It may have been something about Arlington's

negotiations through Marsilly; as compromising Charles II。

Arlington's explanations to the Foreign Committee were certainly

incomplete and disingenuous。  He; if not Charles; was more deeply

engaged with Marsilly than he ventured to report。  But Marsilly

himself avowed that he did not know why he was to be executed。



Executed he was; in circumstances truly hideous。  Perwich; June 5;

wrote to an unnamed correspondent in England: 〃They have all his

papers; which speak much of the Triple Alliance; but I know not

whether they can lawfully hang him for this; having been

naturalized in Holland; and taken in a privileged country〃

(Switzerland)。  Montague (Paris; June 22; 1669) writes to Arlington

that Marsilly is to die; so it has been decided; for 〃a rape which

he formerly committed at Nismes;〃 and after the execution; on June

26; declares that; when broken on the wheel; Marsilly 〃still

persisted that he was guilty of nothing; nor did know why he was

put to death。〃



Like Eustache Dauger; Marsilly professed that he did not know his

own secret。  The charge of a rape; long ago; at Nismes; was

obviously trumped up to cover the real reason for the extraordinary

vindictiveness with which he was pursued; illegally taken; and

barbarously slain。  Mere Protestant restlessness on his part is

hardly an explanation。  There was clearly no evidence for the

charge of a plot to murder Louis XIV。; in which Colbert; in

England; seems to have believed。  Even if the French Government

believed that he was at once an agent of Charles II。; and at the

same time a would…be assassin of Louis XIV。; that hardly accounts

for the intense secrecy with which his valet; Eustache Dauger; was

always surrounded。  Did Marsilly know of the Secret Treaty; and was

it from him that Arlington got his first inkling of the royal plot?

If so; Marsilly would probably have exposed the mystery in

Protestant interests。  We are entirely baffled。



In any case; Francis Vernon; writing from Paris to Williamson (?)

(June 19/25; 1669); gave a terrible account of Marsilly's death。

(For the letter; see Note V。) With a broken piece of glass (as we

learn from another source); Marsilly; in prison; wounded himself in

a ghastly manner; probably hoping to die by loss of blood。  They

seared him with a red…hot iron; and hurried on his execution。  He

was broken on the wheel; and was two hours in dying (June 22)。

Contrary to usage; a Protestant preacher was brought to attend him

on the scaffold。  He came most reluctantly; expecting insult; but

not a taunt was uttered by the fanatic populace。  〃He came up the

scaffold; great silence all about;〃 Marsilly lay naked; stretched

on a St。 Andrew's cross。  He had seemed half dead; his head hanging

limp; 〃like a drooping calf。〃  To greet the minister of his own

faith; he raised himself; to the surprise of all; and spoke out

loud and clear。  He utterly denied all share in a scheme to murder

Louis。  The rest may be read in the original letter (p。 51)。



So perished Roux de Marsilly; the history of the master throws no

light on the secret of the servant。  That secret; for many years;

caused the keenest anxiety to Louis XIV。 and Louvois。  Saint…Mars

himself must not pry into it。  Yet what could Dauger know?  That

there had been a conspiracy against the King's life?  But that was

the public talk of Paris。  If Dauger had guilty knowledge; his life

might have paid for it; why keep him a secret prisoner?  Did he

know that Charles II。 had been guilty of double dealing in 1668…

1669?  Probably Charles had made some overtures to the Swiss; as a

blind to his private dealings with Louis XIV。; but; even so; how

could the fact haunt Louis XIV。 like a ghost?  We leave the mystery

much darker than we found it; but we see good reason why

diplomatists should have murmured of a crusade against the cruel

and brigand Government which sent soldiers to kidnap; in

neighboring states; men who did not know their own crime。



To myself it seems not improbable that the King and Louvois were

but stupidly and cruelly nervous about what Dauger MIGHT know。

Saint…Mars; when he proposed to utilize Dauger as a prison valet;

manifestly did not share the trembling anxieties of Louis XIV。 and

his Minister; anxieties which grew more keen as time went on。

However; 〃a soldier only has his orders;〃 and Saint…Mars executed

his orders with minute precision; taking such unheard…of

precautions that; in legend; the valet blossomed into the rightful

kind of France。







ORIGINAL PAPERS IN THE CASE OF ROUX DE MARSILLY。'1'





'1' State Papers; France; vol。 126。





I。  Letter of Mons。 P。 du Moulin to Arlington。



Paris; May ye ; 1669。



My Lord;



Ever since that Monsieur de Ruvigny was in England last; and upon

the information he gave; this King had a very great desire to seize

if it were possible this Roux de Marsilly; and several persons were

sent to effect it; into England; Holland; Flanders; and Franche

Compte: amongst the rest one La Grange; exempt des Gardes; was a

good while in Holland with fifty of the guards dispersed in

severall places and quarters; But all having miscarried the King

recommended the thing to Monsieur de Turenne who sent some of his

gentlemen and officers under him to find this man out and to

endeavor to bring him alive。  These men after foure months search

found him att last in Switzerland; and having laid waite for him as

he came out from Monsr Baithazar's house (a commander well knowne)

they took him and carryed him to Gex before they could be

intercepted and he rescued。  This was done only by a warrant from

Monsieur de Turenne but as soone as they came into the french

dominions they had full powers and directions from this court for

the bringing of him hither。  Those that tooke him say they found no

papers about him; but that he desired them to write to Mo

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