the writings-6-第38部分
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forgiveness：
Now； therefore； in compliance with the request； and fully concurring
in the views； of the Senate； I do by this my proclamation designate
and set apart Thursday； the 30th day of April； 1863； as a day of
national humiliation； fasting； and prayer。 And I do hereby request
all the people to abstain on that day from their ordinary secular
pursuits； and to unite at their several places of public worship and
their respective homes in keeping the day holy to the Lord； and
devoted to the humble discharge of the religious duties proper to
that solemn occasion。 All this being done in sincerity and truth；
let us then rest humbly in the hope； authorized by the divine
teachings； that the united cry of the nation will be heard on high；
and answered with blessings no less than the pardon of our national
sins； and the restoration of our now divided and suffering country to
its former happy condition of unity and peace。
In witness whereof； I have hereunto set my hand； and caused the seal
of the United States to be affixed。
Done at the city of Washington； this thirtieth day of March； in the
year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty…three； and of
the independence of the United States the eighty…seventh。
ABRAHAM LINCOLN。
By the President：
WILLIAM H。 SEWARD；
Secretary of State。
LICENSE OF COMMERCIAL INTERCOURSE。
EXECUTIVE MANSION； WASHINGTON；
March 31； 1863。
Whereas by the act of Congress approved July 13； 1861； entitled 〃An
act to provide for the collection of duties on imports； and for other
purposes；〃 all commercial intercourse between the inhabitants of such
States as should by proclamation be declared in insurrection against
the United States and the citizens of the rest of the United States
was prohibited so long as such condition of hostility should
continue； except as the same shall be licensed and permitted by the
President to be conducted and carried on only in pursuance of rules
and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury； and：
Whereas it appears that a partial restoration of such intercourse
between the inhabitants of sundry places and sections heretofore
declared in insurrection in pursuance of said act and the citizens of
the rest of the United States will favorably affect the public
interests：
Now； therefore； I； Abraham Lincoln； President of the United States；
exercising the authority and discretion confided to me by the said
act of Congress； do hereby license and permit such commercial
intercourse between the citizens of loyal States and the inhabitants
of such insurrectionary States in the cases and under the
restrictions described and expressed in the regulations prescribed by
the Secretary of the Treasury bearing even date with these presents；
or in such other regulations as he may hereafter； with my approval；
prescribe。
ABRAHAM LINCOLN。
TO GENERAL D。 HUNTER。
（Private。）
EXECUTIVE MANSION； WASHINGTON； D。 C
April 1； 1863。
MAJOR…GENERAL HUNTER。
MY DEAR SIR：I am glad to see the accounts of your colored force at
Jacksonville； Florida。 I see the enemy are driving at them fiercely；
as is to be expected。 It is important to the enemy that such a force
shall not take shape and grow and thrive in the South； and in
precisely the same proportion it is important to us that it shall。
Hence the utmost caution and vigilance is necessary on our part。 The
enemy will make extra efforts to destroy them； and we should do the
same to preserve and increase them。
Yours truly；
A。 LINCOLN。
PROCLAMATION ABOUT COMMERCIAL INTERCOURSE；
APRIL 2； 1863
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA：
A Proclamation。
Whereas； in pursuance of the act of Congress approved July 13； 1861；
I did； by proclamation dated August 16； 1861； declare that the
inhabitants of the States of Georgia； South Carolina； Virginia； North
Carolina； Tennessee； Alabama； Louisiana； Texas； Arkansas；
Mississippi； and Florida （except the inhabitants of that part of
Virginia lying west of the Alleghany Mountains； and of such other
parts of that State and the other States hereinbefore named as might
maintain a legal adhesion to the Union and the Constitution or might
be from time to time occupied and controlled by forces of the United
States engaged in the dispersion of said insurgents） were in a state
of insurrection against the United States； and that all commercial
intercourse between the same and the inhabitants thereof； with the
exceptions aforesaid； and the citizens of other States and other
parts of the United States was unlawful and would remain unlawful
until such insurrection should cease or be suppressed； and that all
goods and chattels； wares and merchandise； coming from any of said
States； with the exceptions aforesaid； into other parts of the United
States without the license and permission of the President； through
the Secretary of the Treasury； or proceeding to any of said States；
with the exceptions aforesaid； by land or water； together with the
vessel or vehicle conveying the same to or from said States； with the
exceptions aforesaid； would be forfeited to the United States； and：
Whereas experience has shown that the exceptions made in and by said
proclamation embarrass the due enforcement of said act of July 13；
1861； and the proper regulation of the commercial intercourse
authorized by said act with the loyal citizens of said States：
Now； therefore； I； Abraham Lincoln； President of the United States；
do hereby revoke the said exceptions； and declare that the
inhabitants of the States of Georgia； South Carolina； North Carolina；
Tennessee； Alabama； Louisiana； Texas； Arkansas； Mississippi； Florida；
and Virginia （except the forty…eight counties of Virginia designated
as West Virginia； and except also the ports of New Orleans； Key West；
Port Royal； and Beaufort in North Carolina） are in a state of
insurrection against the United States； and that all commercial
intercourse not licensed and conducted as provided in said act
between the said States and the inhabitants thereof； with the
exceptions aforesaid； and the citizens of other States and other
parts of the United States is unlawful and will remain unlawful until
such insurrection shall cease or has been suppressed and notice
thereof has been duly given by proclamation； and all cotton； tobacco；
and other products； and all other goods and chattels； wares and
merchandise； coming from any of said States； with the exceptions
aforesaid； into other parts of the United States； or proceeding to
any of said States； with the exceptions aforesaid； without the
license and permission of the President； through the Secretary of the
Treasury； will together with the vessel or vehicle conveying the
same； be forfeited to the United States。
In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of
the United States to be affixed。
Done at the city of Washington； this second day of April； A。D。 1863；
and of the independence of the United States of America the
eighty…seventh。
ABRAHAM LINCOLN。
By the President：
WILLIAM H。 SEWARD；
Secretary of State。
TELEGRAM TO GENERAL HOOKER。
EXECUTIVE MANSION； WASHINGTON；
April 3； 1863。
MAJOR…GENERAL HOOKER：
Our plan is to pass Saturday night on the boat； go over from Aquia
Creek to your camp Sunday morning； remain with you till Tuesday
morning； and then return。 Our party will probably not exceed six
persons of all sorts。
A。 LINCOLN。
OPINION ON HARBOR DEFENSE。
April 4； 1863。
On this general subject I respectfully refer Mr。________ to the
Secretaries of War and Navy for conference and consultation。 I have
a single idea of my own about harbor defense。 It is a steam ram；
built so as to sacrifice nearly all capacity for carrying to those of
speed and strength； so as to be able to split any vessel having
hollow enough in her to carry supplies for a voyage of any distance。
Such ram； of course； could not herself carry supplies for a voyage of
considerable distance； and her business would be to guard a
particular harbor as a bulldog guards his master's door。
A。 LINCOLN。
TELEGRAM TO THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY。
HEADQUARTERS ARMY POTOMAC；
April 9； 1863。
HON。 SECRETARY OF THE NAVY：
Richmond Whig of the 8th has no telegraphic despatches from
Charleston； but has the following as editorial：
〃All thoughts are now centred upon Charleston。 Official intelligence
was made public early yesterday morning that the enemy's iron…clad
fleet had attempted to cross the bar and failed； but later in the day
it was announced that the gunboats and transports had succeeded in
crossing and were at anchor。 Our iron…clads lay between the forts
quietly awaiting the attack。 Further intelligence is looked for with
eager anxiety。 The Yankees have made no secret of this vast
preparation for an attack on Charleston； and we may well anticipate a
desperate conflict。 At last the hour of trial has come for
Charleston； the hour of deliverance or destruction； for no one
believes the other alternative； surrender； possible。 The heart of
the whole country yearns toward the beleaguered city with intense
solicitude； yet with hopes amounting to confidence。 Charleston knows
what is expected of her； and which is due to her fame； and to the
relation she sustains to the cause。 The devoted； the heroic； the
great…hearted Beauregard is there； and he； too； knows what is
expected of him and will not disappoint that expectation。 We predict
a Saragossa defense； and that if Charleston is taken it will be only
a heap of ruins。〃
The rebel pickets are reported as calling over to our pickets today
that we had taken some rebel fort。 This is not very intelligible；
and I think is entire
