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                         Two Short Pieces 



Two Short Pieces 



                   Charlotte Bronte 



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                                      Two Short Pieces 



          BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE OF 

            ELLIS AND ACTON BELL 



       IT has been thought that all the works published under the names of 

Currer�察�Ellis�察�and Acton Bell were�察�in reality�察�the production of one person。 

This    mistake     I  endeavoured      to  rectify  by   a  few    words    of  disclaimer 

prefixed to the third edition of 'Jane Eyre。' These�察�too�察�it appears�察�failed to 

gain general credence�察�and now�察�on the occasion of a reprint of 'Wuthering 

Heights'   and   'Agnes   Grey��'   I   am  advised   distinctly  to   state how the   case 

really stands。 

     Indeed�察�I feel myself that it is time the obscurity attending those two 

names   ´   Ellis   and   Acton   ´   was   done   away。     The   little   mystery�察 �which 

formerly       yielded     some     harmless      pleasure�察    �has    lost   its   interest�察�

circumstances are   changed。   It becomes�察  �then�察  �my duty  to   explain   briefly 

the origin and authorship of the books written by Currer�察�Ellis�察�and Acton 

Bell。 

     About   five   years   ago�察  �my   two   sisters   and   myself�察  �after   a   somewhat 

prolonged   period   of   separation�察  �found   ourselves   reunited�察  �and   at   home。 

Resident   in   a   remote   district�察  �where   education   had   made   little   progress�察�

and     where�察   �consequently�察     �there    was    no   inducement      to   seek    social 

intercourse   beyond   our   own   domestic   circle�察  �we   were   wholly  dependent 

on ourselves and each other�察�on books and study�察�for the enjoyments and 

occupations of life。 The highest stimulus�察�as well as the liveliest pleasure 

we    had    known     from    childhood     upwards�察    �lay   in  attempts     at  literary 

composition�察�formerly we used to show each other what we wrote�察�but of 

late    years   this   habit   of   communication         and   consultation     had    been 

discontinued�察     �hence    it  ensued�察  �that   we   were   mutually   ignorant      of  the 

progress we might respectively have made。 

     One   day�察  �in   the   autumn    of  1845�察  �I   accidentally   lighted   on   a   MS。 

volume   of   verse  in   my   sister   Emily's   handwriting。   Of   course�察  �I   was   not 

surprised�察�knowing that she could and did write verse�此�I looked it over�察�and 

something   more   than   surprise   seized   me   ´   a   deep   conviction   that   these 



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                                      Two Short Pieces 



were   not   common   effusions�察  �nor   at   all   like   the   poetry   women   generally 

write。 I thought them condensed and terse�察�vigorous and genuine。 To my 

ear they had also a peculiar music ´ wild�察�melancholy�察�and elevating。 

     My sister Emily was not a person of demonstrative character�察�nor one 

on the recesses of whose mind and feelings even those nearest and dearest 

to her could�察�with impunity�察�intrude unlicensed�察�it took hours to reconcile 

her to the discovery I had made�察�and days to persuade her that such poems 

merited publication。 I knew�察�however�察�that a mind like hers could not be 

without     some    latent   spark   of  honourable      ambition�察   �and   refused    to  be 

discouraged in my attempts to fan that spark to flame。 

     Meantime�察      �my   younger     sister   quietly   produced     some     of  her   own 

compositions�察      �intimating    that�察 �since   Emily's    had   given    me   pleasure�察   �I 

might like to look at hers。 I could not but be a partial judge�察�yet I thought 

that these verses�察�too�察�had a sweet�察�sincere pathos of their own。 

     We had very early cherished the dream of one day becoming authors。 

This dream�察�never relinquished even when distance divided and absorbing 

tasks occupied us�察�now suddenly acquired strength and consistency�此�it took 

the character of a resolve。 We agreed to arrange a small selection of our 

poems�察�and�察�if possible�察�to get them printed。 Averse to personal publicity�察�

we veiled our own names under those of Currer�察�Ellis�察�and Acton Bell�察�the 

ambiguous   choice   being   dictated   by   a   sort   of   conscientious   scruple   at 

assuming Christian names positively masculine�察�while we did not like to 

declare ourselves   women�察  �because   ´   without   at   that   time   suspecting   that 

our mode of writing and thinking was not what is called 'feminine' ´ we 

had   a   vague   impression that   authoresses   are   liable to be   looked on   with 

prejudice�察�we had noticed how critics sometimes use for their chastisement 

the weapon of personality�察�and for their reward�察�a flattery�察�which is not true 

praise。 

     The   bringing   out   of   our   little   book   was   hard   work。   As   was   to   be 

expected�察�neither we nor our poems were at all wanted�察�but for this we had 

been prepared at the outset�察�though inexperienced ourselves�察�we had read 

the experience of others。 The great puzzle lay in the difficulty of getting 

answers   of   any   kind   from   the   publishers   to   whom   we   applied。   Being 

greatly    harassed     by  this   obstacle�察  �I  ventured    to  apply    to  the  Messrs。 



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Chambers�察�of Edinburgh�察�for a word of advice�察�THEY may have forgotten 

the   circumstance�察  �but   I   have   not�察  �for   from   them   I   received   a   brief   and 

business´like�察�but civil and sensible reply�察�on which we acted�察�and at last 

made a way。 

     The book was printed�此�it is scarcely known�察�and all of it that merits to 

be   known   are   the   poems   of   Ellis   Bell。  The   fixed   conviction   I   held�察  �and 

hold�察�of the worth of these poems has not indeed received the confirmation 

of much favourable criticism�察�but I must retain it notwithstanding。 

     Ill´success failed to crush us�此�the mere effort to succeed had given a 

wonderful zest to existence�察�it must be pursued。 We each set to work on a 

prose   tale�此  �Ellis   Bell   produced   'Wuthering   Heights��'   Acton   Bell   'Agnes 

Grey��' and Currer Bell also wrote a narrative in one volume。 These MSS。 

were   perseveringly   obtruded   upon   various   publishers   for   the   space   of   a 

year    and    a  half�察 �usually�察   �their  fate   was    an   ignominious      and   abrupt 

dismissal。 

     At last 'Wuthering Heights' and 'Agnes Grey' were accepted on terms 

somewhat   impoverishing   to   the   two   authors�察  �Currer   Bell's   book   found 

acceptance nowhere�察�nor any acknowledgment of merit�察�so that something 

like the chill of despair began to invade her heart。 As a forlorn hope�察�she 

tried one publishing house more ´ Messrs。 Smith�察�Elder and Co。 Ere long�察�

in a much shorter space than that on which experience had taught her to 

calculate ´ there came a letter�察�which she opened in the dreary expectation 

of finding two hard�察�hopeless lines�察�intimating that Messrs。 Smith�察�Elder 

and Co。 'were not disposed to publish the MS。��' and�察�instead�察�she took out 

of the envelope a letter of two pages。 She read it trembling。 It declined�察�

indeed�察�to publish that tale�察�for business reasons�察�but it discussed its merits 

and demerits so courteously�察�so considerately�察�in a spirit so rational�察�with a 

discrimination   so   enlightened�察  �that   this   very   refusal   cheered   the   author 

better than a vulgarly expressed acceptance would have done。 It was added�察�

that a work in three volumes would meet with careful attention。 

     I was then   just completing 'Jane   Eyre��' at which   I had been   working 

while   the   one´volume   tale   was   plodding   its   weary   round   in   London�此  �in 

three weeks I sent it off�察�friendly and skilful hands took it in。 This was in 

the   commencement   of   September�察 �1847�察  �it   came   out   before   the   close   of 



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October      following�察    �while    'Wuthering      Heights'    and   'Agnes     Grey��'   my 

sisters'   works�察   �which     had   already    been   in   the  press   for   months�察   �still 

lingered under a different management。 

     They appeared at last。 Critics failed to do them justice。 The immature 

but    very   real   powers     revealed    in   'Wuthering     Heights'     were    scarcely 

recognised�察�its import and nature were misunderstood�察�the identity of its 

author was misrepresented�察�it was said that this was an earlier and ruder 

attempt   of   the   same   pen   which   had   produced   'Jane   Eyre。'        Unjust   and 

grievous error� �We laughed at it at first�察�but I deeply lament it now。 Hence�察�

I fear�察�arose a prejudice against the book。 That writer who could attempt to 

palm     off   an   inferior   and    immature      production     under     cover    of  one 

successful   effort�察  �must   indeed   be   unduly   eager   after   the   secondary   and 

sordid     result   of   authorship�察    �and   pitiably    indifferent    to   its  true  and 

honourable       meed。    If  reviewers     and   the  public    truly  believed     this�察 �no 

wonder that they looked darkly on the cheat。 

     Yet I must not be understood to make these things subject for reproach 

or complaint�察�I dare not do so�察�respect for my sister's memory forbids me。 

By her any such querulous manifestation would have been regarded as an 

unworthy and offensive weakness。 

     It is my duty�察�as well as my pleasure�察�to acknowledge one exception to 

the general rule of criticism。 One writer�察�endowed with the keen vision and 

fine   sympathies   of   genius�察  �has   discerned   the   real   nature   

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