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                               Glaucus/or The Wonders of the Shore 



seeming to go backwards when they were really progressing most�此                         �and 

now we have entered into their labours�察�and find them�察�as I                 have just said�察�

more   wondrous   than   all   the   poetic   dreams   of   a     Bonnet   or   a   Darwin。 

For who�察�after all�察�to take a few broad              instances ��not to enlarge on the 

great   root´wonder   of   a   number   of      distinct   individuals   connected   by   a 

common life�察 �and   forming   a         seeming plant invariable   in   each   species���察�

would   have   dreamed   of        the   ;bizarreries;   which   these   very   zoophytes 

present in their      classification�拭�

     You   go   down   to   any   shore   after   a   gale   of   wind�察  �and   pick   up   a   few 

delicate   little   sea´ferns。    You   have   two   in   your   hand�察  �which    probably 

look to you�察�even under a good pocket magnifier�察�identical                    or nearly so。 

��1��    But you are told to your surprise�察�that however               like the dead horny 

polypidoms   which   you   hold   may   be�察  �the   two       species   of   animal   which 

have formed them are at least as far apart               in the scale of creation as a 

quadruped is from a fish。          You see in      some Musselburgh dredger's boat 

the   phosphorescent   sea´pen   ��unknown           in   England���察  �a   living   feather�察  �of 

the look and consistency of a           cock's comb�察�or the still stranger sea´rush 

��VIRGULARIA   MIRABILIS���察                 �a   spine   a   foot   long�察  �with   hundreds   of 

rosy flowerets arranged in          half´rings round it from end to end�察�and you 

are told that these      are the congeners of the great stony Venus's fan which 

hangs in      seamen's cottages�察�brought home from the West Indies。                     And 

ere you      have done wondering�察�you hear   that all three are congeners of 

the    ugly�察  �shapeless�察  �white   ;dead   man's   hand�察─  �which   you   may   pick   up 

after a storm on any shore。           You have a beautiful madrepore or               brain´ 

stone on your mantel´piece�察�brought home from some Pacific                       coral´reef。 

You are to believe that its first cousins are the             soft�察�slimy sea´anemones 

which you see expanding their living              flowers in every rock´pool ´ bags 

of sea´water�察�without a trace of          bone or stone。       You must believe it�察�for 

in science�察�as in higher        matters�察�he who will walk surely�察�must ;walk by 

faith and not by       sight。; 

     These     are   but  a   few   of   the  wonders     which     the   classification    of 

marine animals affords�察�and only drawn from one class of them�察                      �though 

almost   as   common   among   every   other   family   of   that   submarine         world 

whereof Spenser sang ´ 



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                                Glaucus/or The Wonders of the Shore 



       ;Oh�察   �what    an   endless    work    have    I  in  hand�察   �To   count    the   sea's 

abundant progeny� �Whose fruitful seed far passeth those in land�察�And also 

those which won in th' azure sky�察�For much more earth to tell the stars on 

high�察  �Albe   they   endless   seem   in   estimation�察  �Than   to   recount   the   sea's 

posterity�察  �So   fertile   be   the   flouds   in   generation�察  �So   huge   their   numbers�察�

and so numberless their nation。; 

       But   these   few   examples   will   be   sufficient   to   account   both   for   the 

slow   pace   at   which   the   knowledge   of   sea´animals   has   progressed�察  �and 

for the allurement which men of the highest attainments have found�察                       �and 

still find�察�in it。    And when to this we add the marvels which                    meet us at 

every step in the anatomy and the reproduction of these                    creatures�察�and in 

the   chemical   and   mechanical   functions   which   they            fulfil   in   the   great 

economy of our planet�察�we cannot wonder at                     finding that books which 

treat of them carry with them a certain               charm of romance�察�and feed the 

play of fancy�察�and that love of the            marvellous which is inherent in man�察�

at the same time that they          lead the reader to more solemn and lofty trains 

of   thought�察  �which      can   find   their   full   satisfaction   only   in   self´forgetful 

worship�察     �and that hymn of praise which goes up ever from land and sea�察�

as    well   as   from   saints   and   martyrs   and   the   heavenly   host�察   �O   all   ye 

works of the Lord�察�and ye�察�too�察�spirits and souls of the righteous�察                    �praise 

Him�察�and magnify Him for ever� ─�

     I have said�察�that there were excuses for the old contempt of the                    study 

of Natural History。         I have said�察�too�察�it may be hoped�察            �enough to show 

that   contempt   to   be   now   ill´founded。        But   still�察  �there   are   those   who 

regard it as a mere amusement�察�and that as a                  somewhat effeminate one�察�

and think that it can at best help to           while away a leisure hour harmlessly�察�

and perhaps usefully�察�as a          substitute for coarser sports�察�or for the reading 

of novels。        Those�察�however�察�who have followed it out�察�especially on the 

sea´   shore�察  �know   better。      They   can   tell   from   experience�察  �that   over   and 

above   its   accessory   charms   of       pure   sea´breezes�察  �and      wild   rambles     by 

cliff and loch�察�the study itself has had a weighty moral effect                    upon their 

hearts   and   spirits。    There   are   those   who   can   well     understand   how   the 

good and wise John Ellis�察�amid all his              philanthropic labours for the good 

of   the   West   Indies�察  �while   he   was    spending   his   intellect   and   fortune   in 



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                                Glaucus/or The Wonders of the Shore 



introducing   into our   tropic       settlements   the bread´fruit�察 �the   mangosteen�察�

and every plant and          seed which he hoped might be useful for medicine�察�

agriculture�察  �and      commerce�察  �could   yet   feel himself   justified in   devoting 

large     portions   of   his   ever   well´spent   time   to   the   fighting   the   battle   of 

the corallines against Parsons and the rest�察�and even in measuring                        pens 

with Linne�察�the prince of naturalists。 

     There     are   those   who     can   sympathise      with   the   gallant   old   Scotch 

officer     mentioned       by   some     writer    on    sea´weeds�察     �who�察   �desperately 

wounded       in   the  breach     at  Badajos�察   �and    a  sharer   in  all  the   toils  and 

triumphs   of   the   Peninsular   war�察  �could   in   his   old   age   show   a   rare   sea´ 

weed with as much triumph as his well´earned medals�察�and talk                           over a 

tiny spore´capsule with as much zest as the records of                   sieges and battles。 

Why not�拭       �That temper which made him a good                  soldier may very well 

have made him a good naturalist also。               The     late illustrious geologist�察�Sir 

Roderick   Murchison�察  �was   also   an   old         Peninsular   officer。      I   doubt   not 

that with him�察�too�察�the         experiences of war may have helped to fit him for 

the   studies   of    peace。     Certainly�察  �the   best   naturalist�察  �as   far   as   logical 

acumen�察      �as   well   as   earnest   research�察  �is   concerned�察  �whom   England   has 

ever     seen�察   �was    the   Devonshire      squire�察  �Colonel     George     Montagu�察     �of 

whom        the   late   E。  Forbes     well   says�察  �that   ;had    he  been    educated     a 

physiologist; ��and not�察�as he was�察�a soldier and a sportsman���察 �and                      made 

the study of Nature his aim and not his amusement�察�his would                       have been 

one   of   the   greatest   names   in   the   whole   range   of   British     science。;      I 

question�察  �nevertheless�察  �whether   he   would   not   have   lost          more   than   he 

would have gained by  a different training。                It   might    have made him  a 

more   learned   systematizer�察        �but   would   it  have     quickened      in   him   that 

;seeing; eye of the true soldier and              sportsman�察�which makes Montagu's 

descriptions indelible word´ pictures�察�instinct with life and truth�拭                   �There 

is no   question�察─     �says   E。   Forbes�察  �after  bewailing   the  vagueness   of   most 

naturalists�察     �about the identity of any animal Montagu described。 。 。 。 He 

was a      forward´looking philosopher�察�he spoke of every creature as if one 

exceeding like it�察�yet different from it�察�would be washed up by the                     waves 

next   tide。    Consequently   his        descriptions     are  permanent。;         Scientific 

men   will   recognize   in   this   the   highest   praise   which   can      be   bestowed�察�



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                                Glaucus/or The Wonders of the Shore 



because it attributes to him the highest faculty ´ The                  Art of Seeing�察�but 

the   study   and   the   book   would   not   have   given        that。   It   is   God's   gift 

wheresoever   educated�此         �but   its   true   school´   room   is   the   camp   and   the 

ocean�察  �the   prairie   and     the   forest�察  �active�察  �self´helping   life�察  �which      can 

grapple with Nature herself�此           �not  

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