the unknown guest(聴伏人)-及11何蛍
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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
actual authenticity of the narratives。 We can contest or suspect any story
whatever�察 �any written proof�察 �any evidence�察 �but thenceforward we must
abandon all certainty or knowledge that is not acquired by means of
mathematical operations or laboratory experiments�察 �that is to say�察 �three´
fourths of the human phenomena which interest us most。 Observe that the
records collected by the investigators of the S。 P。 R。�察�like those discussed
by M。 Bozzano�察�are all told at first hand and that those stories of which the
narrators were not the protagonists or the direct witnesses have been
ruthlessly rejected。 Furthermore�察�some of these narratives are necessarily
of the nature of medical observations�察�as for the others�察�if we attentively
examine the character of those who have related them and the
circumstances which corroborate them�察�we shall agree that it is more just
and more reasonable to believe in them than to look upon every man who
has an extraordinary experience as being a priori a liar�察�the victim of an
hallucination�察�or a wag。
2
There could be no question of giving here even a brief analysis of the
most striking cases。 It would require a hundred pages and would alter the
whole nature of this essay�察 �which�察 �to keep within its proper dimensions�察�
most take it for granted that most of the materials which it examines are
familiar。 I therefore refer the reader who may wish to form an opinion for
himself to the easily´accessible sources which I have mentioned above。 It
will suffice�察�to give an accurate idea of the gravity of the problem to any
one who has not time or opportunity to consult the original documents if I
sum up in a few words some of these pioneer adventures�察�selected among
those which seem least open to dispute�察�for it goes without saying that all
have not the same value�察�otherwise the question would be settled。 There
are some which�察 �while exceedingly striking at first sight and offering
every guarantee that could be desired to authenticity�察�nevertheless do not
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THE UNKNOWN GUEST
imply a real knowledge of the future and can be interpreted in another
manner。 I give one�察�to serve as an instance�察�it is reported by Dr。 Alphonse
Teste in his Manuel pratique du magnetisme animal。
On the 8th of May�察 �Dr。 Teste magnetizes Mme。 Hortensein the
presence of her husband。 She is no sooner asleep than she announces that
she has been pregnant for a fortnight�察 �that she will not go her full time�察�
that ;she will take fright at something�察─�that she will have a fall and that
the result will be a miscarriage。 She adds that�察�on the 12th of May�察�after
having had a fright�察�she will have a fainting´fit which will last for eight
minutes�察�and she then describes�察�hour by hour�察�the course of her malady�察�
which will end in three days' loss of reason�察�from which she will recover。
On awaking�察�she retains no recollection of anything that has passed�察�it
is kept from her�察 �and Dr。 Teste communicates his notes to Dr。 Amidee
Latour。 On the 12th of May�察�he calls on M。 and Mme。�察�finds them at table
and puts Mme。 to sleep again�察 �whereupon she repeats word for word
what she told him four days before。 They wake her up。 The dangerous
hour is drawing near。 They take every imaginable precaution and even
close the shutters。 Mme。�察�made uneasy by these extraordinary measures
which she is quite unable to understand�察�asks what they are going to do to
her。 Half´past three o'clock strikes。 Mme。 rises from the sofa on which
they have made her sit and wants to leave the room。 The doctor and her
husband try to prevent her。
;But what is the matter with you�拭─�she asks。 ;I simply must go out。;
;No�察�madame�察�you shall not�此�I speak in the interest of your health。;
;Well�察�then�察�doctor�察─�she replies�察�with a smile�察 �if it is in the interest of
my health�察�that is all the more reason why you should let me go out。;
The excuse is a plausible one and even irresistible�察 �but the husband�察�
wishing to carry the struggle against destiny to the last�察�declares that he
will accompany his wife。 The doctor remains alone�察 �feeling somewhat
anxious�察�in spite of the rather farcical turn which the incident has taken。
Suddenly�察�a piercing shriek is heard and the noise of a body falling。 He
runs out and finds Mme。 wild with fright and apparently dying in her
husband's arms。 At the moment when�察 �leaving him for an instant�察 �she
opened the door of the place where she was going�察 �a rat�察 �the first seen
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THE UNKNOWN GUEST
there for twenty years�察�rushed at her and gave her so great a start that she
fell flat on her back。 And all the rest of the prediction was fulfilled to the
letter�察�hour by hour and detail by detail。
3
To make it quite clear in what spirit I am undertaking this study and to
remove at the beginning any suspicion of blind or systematic credulity�察�I
am anxious�察�before going any further�察�to say that I fully realize that cases
of this kind by no means carry conviction。 It is quite possible that
everything happened in the subconscious imagination of the subject and
that she herself created�察�by self´suggestion�察�her illness�察�her fright�察�her fall
and her miscarriage and adapted herself to most of the circumstances
which she had foretold in her secondary state。 The appearance of the rat at
the fatal moment is the only thing that would suggest a precise and
disquieting vision of an inevitable future event。 Unfortunately�察�we are not
told that the rat was perceived by other witnesses than the patient�察�so that
there is nothing to prove that it also was not imaginary。 I have therefore
quoted this inadequate instance only because it represents fairly well the
general aspect and the indecisive value of many similar cases and enable
us to note once and for all the objections which can be raised and the
precautions which we should take before entering these suspicious and
obscure regions。
We now come to an infinitely more significant and less questionable
case related by Dr。 Joseph Maxwell�察 �the learned and very scrupulous
author of Les Phenomenes Psychiques�察�a work which has been translated
into English under the title of Metapsychical Phenomena。 It concerns a
vision which was described to him eight days before the event and which
he told to many people before it was accomplished。 A sensitive perceived
in a crystal the following scene�此 �a large steamer�察 �flying a flag of three
horizontal bars�察�black�察�white and red�察�and bearing the name Leutschland�察�
was sailing in mid´ocean。 The boat was suddenly enveloped in smoke�察�a
great number of sailors�察 �passengers and men in uniform rushed to the
upper deck�察�and the boat went down。
Eight days afterwards�察�the newspapers announced the accident to the
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Deutschland�察�whose boiler had burst�察�obliging the steamboat to stand to。
The evidence of a man like Dr。 Maxwell�察�especially when we have to
do with a so´to´speak personal incident�察�possesses an importance on which
it is needless to insist。 We have here�察�therefore�察�several days beforehand�察�
the very clear prevision of an event which�察�moreover�察�in no way concerns
the percipient�此�a curious detail�察�but one which is not uncommon in these
cases。 The mistake in reading Leutschland for Deutschland�察�which would
have been quite natural in real life�察 �adds a note of probability and
authenticity to the phenomenon。 As for the final act�察�the foundering of the
vessel in the place of a simple heaving to�察�we must see in this�察�as Dr。 J。 W。
Pickering and W。 A。 Sadgrove suggest�察 �the subconscious dramatization of
a subliminal inference of the percipient。; Such dramatization�察 �moreover�察�
are instinctive and almost general in this class of visions。
If this were an isolated case�察�it would certainly not be right to attach
decisive importance to it�察 �but�察─�Dr。 Maxwell observes�察 �the same sensitive
has given me other curious instances�察 �and these cases�察 �compared with
others which I myself have observed or with those of which I have
received first´hand accounts�察 �render the hypothesis of coincidence very
improbable�察�though they do not absolutely exclude it。;��1�А�
��1�А�Maxwell�此�Metapsychical Phenomena�察�p。 202。
4
Another and perhaps more convincing case�察�more strictly investigated
and established�察�a case which clearly does not admit of explanation�察�by the
theory of coincidence�察�worthy of all respect though this theory be�察�is that
related by M。 Theodore Flournoy�察 �science professor at the university of
Geneva�察�in his remarkable work�察�Esprits et Mediums。 Professor Flournoy
is known to be one of the most learned and most critical exponents of the
new science of metapsychics。 He even carries his fondness for natural
ex