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     Somewhat        she   smiled�察   �and   then�察   �If  the   opinion    Of   mortals    be 

erroneous�察─�she said�察 �Where'er the key of sense doth not unlock�察�

     Certes�察�the shafts of wonder should not pierce thee Now�察�forasmuch as�察�

following the senses�察�Thou seest that the reason has short wings。 

     But tell me what thou think'st of it thyself。; And I�此 �What seems to us 

up here diverse�察�Is caused�察�I think�察�by bodies rare and dense。; 

     And she�此   �Right   truly  shalt   thou see  immersed   In   error thy  belief�察 �if 

well thou hearest The argument that I shall make against it。 

     Lights many the eighth sphere displays to you Which in their quality 

and quantity May noted be of aspects different。 

     If   this   were   caused   by   rare   and   dense   alone�察  �One   only   virtue   would 

there be in all Or more or less diffused�察�or equally。 

     Virtues diverse   must   be perforce the   fruits Of   formal   principles�察  �and 

these�察�save one�察�Of course would by thy reasoning be destroyed。 

     Besides�察  �if   rarity   were   of   this   dimness   The   cause   thou   askest�察  �either 

through and through This planet thus attenuate were of matter�察�

     Or else�察�as in a body is apportioned The fat and lean�察�so in like manner 

this Would in its volume interchange the leaves。 

     Were   it   the   former�察  �in   the   sun's   eclipse   It   would   be   manifest   by   the 

shining through Of light�察�as through aught tenuous interfused。 

     This is not so�察�hence we must scan the other�察�And if it chance the other 

I demolish�察�Then falsified will thy opinion be。 

     But if this rarity go not through and through�察�There needs must be a 

limit�察�beyond which Its contrary prevents the further passing�察�

     And thence the foreign radiance is reflected�察�Even as a colour cometh 

back from glass�察�The which behind itself concealeth lead。 

     Now thou wilt say the sunbeam shows itself More dimly there than in 

the other parts�察�By being there reflected farther back。 

     From this reply experiment will free thee If e'er thou try it�察�which is 

wont to be The fountain to the rivers of your arts。 

     Three   mirrors   shalt   thou   take�察  �and   two   remove Alike   from   thee�察  �the 

other more remote Between the former two shall meet thine eyes。 



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     Turned   towards   these�察  �cause   that   behind   thy  back   Be   placed   a   light�察�

illuming the three mirrors And coming back to thee by all reflected。 

     Though in its quantity be not so ample The image most remote�察�there 

shalt thou see How it perforce is equally resplendent。 

     Now�察 �as   beneath   the   touches   of   warm  rays   Naked   the   subject   of   the 

snow remains Both of its former colour and its cold�察�

     Thee thus remaining in thy intellect�察�Will I inform with such a living 

light�察�That it shall tremble in its aspect to thee。 

     Within   the   heaven   of   the   divine   repose   Revolves   a   body�察  �in   whose 

virtue lies The being of whatever it contains。 

     The   following   heaven�察  �that   has   so   many  eyes�察 �Divides   this being   by 

essences diverse�察�Distinguished from it�察�and by it contained。 

     The   other   spheres�察  �by  various   differences�察�All   the   distinctions   which 

they have within them Dispose unto their ends and their effects。 

     Thus   do   these   organs   of the   world proceed�察�As thou   perceivest   now�察�

from grade to grade�察�Since from above they take�察�and act beneath。 

     Observe me well�察�how through this place I come Unto the truth thou 

wishest�察�that hereafter Thou mayst alone know how to keep the ford 

     The   power   and   motion   of   the   holy   spheres�察�As   from   the   artisan   the 

hammer's craft�察�Forth from the blessed motors must proceed。 

     The heaven�察�which lights so manifold make fair�察�From the Intelligence 

profound�察�which turns it�察�The image takes�察�and makes of it a seal。 

     And even as the soul within your dust Through members different and 

accommodated To faculties diverse expands itself�察�

     So likewise   this   Intelligence diffuses   Its   virtue multiplied   among   the 

stars。 Itself revolving on its unity。 

     Virtue   diverse   doth   a   diverse   alloyage   Make   with   the   precious   body 

that it quickens�察�In which�察�as life in you�察�it is combined。 

     From the glad nature whence it is derived�察�The mingled virtue through 

the body shines�察�Even as gladness through the living pupil。 

     From this proceeds whate'er from light to light Appeareth different�察�not 

from dense and rare�此�This is the formal principle that produces�察�

     According to its goodness�察�dark and bright。; 



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                       Paradiso�此�Canto III 



       That   Sun�察  �which   erst   with   love   my   bosom   warmed�察  �Of   beauteous 

truth had unto me discovered�察�By proving and reproving�察�the sweet aspect。 

    And�察�that I might confess myself convinced And confident�察�so far as 

was befitting�察�I lifted more erect my head to speak。 

    But there appeared a vision�察�which withdrew me So close to it�察�in order 

to be seen�察�That my confession I remembered not。 

     Such as through polished and transparent glass�察�Or waters crystalline 

and undisturbed�察�But not so deep as that their bed be lost�察�

     Come back again the outlines of our faces So feeble�察�that a pearl on 

forehead white Comes not less speedily unto our eyes�察�

     Such saw I many faces prompt to speak�察�So that I ran in error opposite 

To that which kindled love 'twixt man and fountain。 

    As   soon   as   I   became   aware   of   them�察  �Esteeming   them   as   mirrored 

semblances�察�To see of whom they were�察�mine eyes I turned�察�

    And nothing saw�察�and once more turned them forward Direct into the 

light of my sweet Guide�察�Who smiling kindled in her holy eyes。 

     ;Marvel thou not�察─�she said to me�察 �because I smile at this thy puerile 

conceit�察�Since on the truth it trusts not yet its foot�察�

    But   turns   thee�察  �as   'tis   wont�察  �on   emptiness。 True   substances   are   these 

which thou beholdest�察�Here relegate for breaking of some vow。 

     Therefore speak with them�察�listen and believe�察�For the true light�察�which 

giveth peace to them�察�Permits them not to turn from it their feet。; 

    And I unto the shade that seemed most wishful To speak directed me�察�

and I began�察�As one whom too great eagerness bewilders�此�

     ;O    well´created    spirit�察 �who   in  the   rays  Of   life  eternal   dost  the 

sweetness taste Which being untasted ne'er is comprehended�察�

     Grateful 'twill be to me�察�if thou content me Both with thy name and 

with your destiny。; Whereat she promptly and with laughing eyes�此�

     ;Our charity doth never shut the doors Against a just desire�察�except as 

one Who wills that all her court be like herself。 

    I was a virgin sister in the world�察�And if thy mind doth contemplate me 

well�察�The being more fair will not conceal me from thee�察�



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     But   thou   shalt   recognise   I   am   Piccarda�察  �Who�察  �stationed   here   among 

these other blessed�察�Myself am blessed in the slowest sphere。 

     All our affections�察�that alone inflamed Are in the pleasure of the Holy 

Ghost�察�Rejoice at being of his order formed�察�

     And    this  allotment�察   �which    appears   so   low�察 �Therefore     is  given  us�察�

because our vows Have been neglected and in some part void。; 

     Whence I to her�此 �In your miraculous aspects There shines I know not 

what of the divine�察�Which doth transform you from our first conceptions。 

     Therefore I was not swift in my remembrance�察�But what thou tellest 

me now aids me so�察�That the refiguring is easier to me。 

     But   tell   me�察  �ye   who   in   this   place   are   happy�察�Are   you   desirous   of   a 

higher place�察�To see more or to make yourselves more friends�拭─�

     First with those other shades she smiled a little�察�Thereafter answered 

me so full of gladness�察�She seemed to burn in the first fire of love�此�

     ;Brother�察�our will is quieted by virtue Of charity�察�that makes us wish 

alone For what we have�察�nor gives us thirst for more。 

     If to be more exalted we aspired�察�Discordant would our aspirations be 

Unto the will of Him who here secludes us�察�

     Which thou shalt see finds no place in these circles�察�If being in charity 

is needful here�察�And if thou lookest well into its nature�察�

     Nay�察�'tis essential to this blest existence To keep itself within the will 

divine�察�Whereby our very wishes are made one�察�

     So that�察�as we are station above station Throughout this realm�察�to all 

the realm 'tis pleasing�察�As to the King�察�who makes his will our will。 

     And his will is our peace�察�this is the sea To which is moving onward 

whatsoever It doth create�察�and all that nature makes。; 

     Then    it  was   clear  to  me    how   everywhere      In  heaven    is  Paradise�察�

although the grace Of good supreme there rain not in one measure。 

     But as it comes to pass�察�if one food sates�察�And for another still remains 

the longing�察�We ask for this�察�and that decline with thanks�察�

     E'en thus did I�察�with gesture and with word�察�To learn from her what 

was the web wherein She did not ply the shuttle to the end。 

     ;A perfect life and merit high in´heaven A lady o'er us�察─�said she�察 �by 

whose rule Down in your world they vest and veil themselves�察�



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     That   until   death   they   may   both   watch   and   sleep   Beside   that   Spouse

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