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及18何蛍

the discovery of guiana(窟�峭舊把�)-及18何蛍

弌傍�� the discovery of guiana(窟�峭舊把�) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

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river�察  �and   is   called   Acamacari。   At   this   town    is   a  continual   market    of 

women for three or four hatchets apiece�察�they are bought by the Arwacas�察�

and by them sold into the West Indies。 To the west of Limo is the river Pao�察�

beyond it Caturi�察�beyond that Voari�察�and Capuri ��the Apure river���察�which 

falleth   out   of   the   great   river   of   Meta�察  �by   which   Berreo   descended   from 

Nuevo Reyno de Granada。 To the westward of Capuri is the province of 

Amapaia�察�where Berreo wintered and had so many of his people poisoned 

with   the   tawny   water   of   the   marshes   of   the   Anebas。   Above   Amapaia�察�

toward   Nuevo   Reyno�察  �fall   in   Meto�察  �Pato   and   Cassanar。   To   the   west   of 

those�察�towards the provinces of the Ashaguas and Catetios�察�are the rivers 

of   Beta�察  �Dawney�察  �and   Ubarro�察  �and   toward   the   frontier   of   Peru   are   the 

provinces   of   Thomebamba�察  �and   Caxamalca。   Adjoining   to   Quito   in   the 

north side of Peru are the rivers of Guiacar and Goauar�察�and on the other 

side of the said mountains the river of Papamene which descendeth into 

Maranon or Amazons�察�passing through the province Motilones�察�where Don 

Pedro   de   Orsua�察  �who   was   slain   by   the   traitor Aguirre   before   rehearsed�察�

built his brigandines�察�when he sought Guiana by the way of Amazons。 

     Between   Dawney   and   Beta   lieth   a   famous   island   in   Orenoque   ��now 

called Baraquan�察�for above Meta it is not known by the name of Orenoque�� 

which is called Athule ��cataract of Ature���察�beyond which ships of burden 

cannot pass by reason of a most forcible overfall�察�and current of water�察�but 

in the eddy all smaller vessels may be drawn even to Peru itself。 But to 

speak of more of these rivers without the description were but tedious�察�and 

therefore I will leave the rest to the description。 This river of Orenoque is 

navigable for ships little less than 1��000 miles�察�and for lesser vessels near 

2��000。     By   it�察 �as  aforesaid�察  �Peru�察  �Nuevo     Reyno     and   Popayan      may    be 

invaded�此�it also leadeth to the great empire of Inga�察�and to the provinces of 

Amapaia   and Anebas�察  �which   abound   in   gold。   His   branches   of   Casnero�察�

Manta�察     �Caura    descend     from    the  middle     land   and   valley    which    lieth 

between the easter province of Peru and Guiana�察�and it falls into the sea 

between   Maranon   and   Trinidad   in   two   degrees   and   a   half。 All   of   which 

your   honours   shall   better   perceive   in   the   general   description   of   Guiana�察�

Peru�察   �Nuevo      Reyno�察   �the   kingdom      of  Popayan�察     �and   Rodas�察   �with    the 

province of Venezuela�察�to the bay of Uraba�察�behind Cartagena�察�westward�察�



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and to Amazons southward。 While we lay at anchor on the coast of Canuri�察�

and had taken knowledge of all the nations upon the head and branches of 

this river�察�and had found out so many several people�察�which were enemies 

to the Epuremei and the new conquerors�察�I thought it time lost to linger 

any  longer   in   that   place�察  �especially  for   that   the   fury  of   Orenoque   began 

daily to threaten us with dangers in our return。 For no half day passed but 

the   river   began   to   rage   and   overflow   very   fearfully�察  �and   the   rains   came 

down   in   terrible   showers�察  �and   gusts   in   great   abundance�察  �and   withal   our 

men began to cry out for want of shift�察�for no man had place to bestow any 

other apparel than that which he ware on his back�察�and that was throughly 

washed on his body for the most part ten times in one day�察�and we had 

now been well´ near a month every day passing to the westward farther 

and farther from our ships。 We therefore turned towards the east�察�and spent 

the rest of the time in discovering the river towards the sea�察�which we had 

not viewed�察�and which was most material。 

     The next day following we left the mouth of Caroli�察�and arrived again 

at   the   port   of   Morequito   where   we   were   before�察  �for   passing   down   the 

stream   we   went   without   labour�察  �and   against   the   wind�察  �little   less   than   a 

hundred miles a day。 As soon as I came to anchor�察�I sent away one for old 

Topiawari�察�with whom I much desired to have further conference�察�and also 

to deal with him for some one of his country to bring with us into England�察�

as   well   to   learn   the   language�察  �as   to   confer   withal   by   the   way�察  �the   time 

being   now   spent   of   any   longer   stay   there。   Within   three   hours   after   my 

messenger came to him�察�he arrived also�察�and with him such a rabble of all 

sorts of people�察�and every one loaden with somewhat�察�as if it had been a 

great market or fair in England�察�and our hungry companies clustered thick 

and threefold among their baskets�察�every one laying hand on what he liked。 

After he had rested awhile in my tent�察�I shut out all but ourselves and my 

interpreter�察  �and   told   him   that   I   knew   that   both   the   Epuremei   and   the 

Spaniards were enemies to him�察�his country and nations�此�that the one had 

conquered Guiana already�察�and the other sought to regain the same from 

them both�察�and therefore I desired him to instruct me what he could�察�both 

of the passage into the golden parts of Guiana�察�and to the civil towns and 

apparelled people of Inga。 He gave me an answer to this effect�此�first�察�that 



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he could not perceive that I meant to go onward towards the city of Manoa�察�

for   neither   the   time   of   the   year   served�察  �neither   could   he   perceive   any 

sufficient numbers for such an enterprise。 And if I did�察�I was sure with all 

my company to be buried there�察�for the emperor was of that strength�察�as 

that many  times   so   many  men   more were   too   few。  Besides�察�he   gave   me 

this good   counsel   and   advised   me   to   hold   it   in   mind   ��as   for himself�察 �he 

knew he could not live till my return���察�that I should not offer by any means 

hereafter to invade the strong parts of Guiana without the help of all those 

nations which were also their enemies�察�for that it was impossible without 

those�察  �either   to   be   conducted�察  �to   be   victualled�察  �or   to   have   aught   carried 

with us�察�our people not being able to endure the march in so great heat and 

travail�察�unless the borderers gave them help�察�to cart with them both their 

meat and furniture。 For he remembered that in the plains of Macureguarai 

three   hundred   Spaniards   were   overthrown�察  �who   were   tired   out�察  �and   had 

none of the borderers to their friends�察�but meeting their enemies as they 

passed the frontier�察�were environed on all sides�察�and the people setting the 

long dry grass on fire�察�smothered them�察�so as they had no breath to fight�察�

nor could discern   their   enemies   for the great  smoke。  He   told   me   further 

that   four   days'   journey  from  his   town   was   Macureguarai�察  �and   that   those 

were the next and nearest of the subjects of Inga�察�and of the Epuremei�察�and 

the   first   town   of   apparelled   and   rich people�察  �and   that   all   those   plates   of 

gold    which     were    scattered    among     the   borderers     and   carried    to  other 

nations   far   and   near�察  �came   from   the   said   Macureguarai   and   were   there 

made�察�but that those of the land within were far finer�察�and were fashioned 

after the images of men�察�beasts�察�birds�察�and fishes。 I asked him whether he 

thought that those companies that I had there with me were sufficient to 

take that town or no�察�he told me that he thought they were。 I then asked 

him whether he would assist me with guides�察�and some companies of his 

people to join with us�察�he answered that he would go himself with all the 

borderers�察  �if   the   rivers   did   remain   fordable�察  �upon   this   condition�察  �that   I 

would      leave    with   him    till  my   return    again    fifty  soldiers�察   �which     he 

undertook to victual。 I answered that I had not above fifty good men in all 

there�察�the rest were labourers and rowers�察�and that I had no provision to 

leave with them of powder�察�shot�察�apparel�察�or aught else�察�and that without 



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those things necessary for their defence�察�they should be in danger of the 

Spaniards   in   my   absence�察      �who   I   knew   would     use   the   same  measures 

towards   mine   that   I   offered   them   at   Trinidad。   And   although   upon   the 

motion   Captain   Caulfield�察  �Captain   Greenvile�察  �my   nephew   John   Gilbert 

and divers others were desirous to stay�察�yet I was resolved that they must 

needs have perished。 For Berreo expected daily a supply out of Spain�察�and 

looked   also   hourly   for   his   son   to  come   down   from   Nuevo   Reyno   de 

Granada�察  �with   many   horse   and   foot�察  �and   had   also   in   Valencia�察  �in     the 

Caracas�察�two hundred horse ready to march�察�and I could not have spared 

above forty�察�and had not any store at all of powder�察�lead�察�or match to have 

left with them�察�nor any other provision�察�either spade�察�pickaxe�察�or aught else 

to have fortified withal。 

     When I had given him reason that I could not at this time leave him 

such a company�察�he then desired me to forbear him and his country for that 

time�察  �for   he   assured   me   that   I   should   be   no   sooner   three  days   from   the 

coast but those Epuremei would invade him�察�and destroy all the remain of 

his people and friends�察�if he should any way 

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