pioneers of the old southwest-第15部分

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hat　vengeance　was　appeased。　Upon　this　scene　there　entered　a　Mingo　from　Yellow　Creek　with　the　news　of　the　murders　committed　there　by　the　three　traders。　The　Indian　whose　throat　had　been　slit　as　King　had　served　deer　was　Logan's　brother。　Another　man　slain　was　his　kinsman。　The　woman　with　the　baby　was　his　sister。　Logan　tore　up　from　the　earth　the　bloody　tomahawk　and；　raising　it　above　his　head；　swore　that　he　would　not　rest　till　he　had　taken　ten　white　lives　to　pay　for　each　one　of　his　kin。　Again　the　Mingo　warriors　declared　for　war　and　this　time　were　not　dissuaded。　But　Logan　did　not　join　this　red　army。　He　went　out　alone　to　wreak　his　vengeance；　slaying　and　scalping。


Meanwhile　Dunmore　prepared　to　push　the　war　with　the　utmost　vigor。　His　first　concern　was　to　recall　the　surveying　parties　from　Kentucky；　and　for　so　hazardous　an　errand　he　needed　the　services　of　a　man　whose　endurance；　speed；　and　woodcraft　were　equal　to　those　of　any　Indian　scout　afoot。　Through　Colonel　Preston；　his　orders　were　conveyed　to　Daniel　Boone；　for　Boone's　fame　had　now　spread　from　the　border　to　the　tidewater　regions。　It　was　stated　that　〃Boone　would　lose　no　time；〃　and　〃if　they　are　alive；　it　is　indisputable　but　Boone　must　find　them。〃

So　Boone　set　out　in　company　with　Michael　Stoner；　another　expert　woodsman。　His　general　instructions　were　to　go　down　the　Kentucky　River　to　Preston's　Salt　Lick　and　across　country　to　the　Falls　of　the　Ohio；　and　thence　home　by　Gaspar's　Lick　on　the　Cumberland　River。　Indian　war　parties　were　moving　under　cover　across　〃the　Dark　and　Bloody　Ground〃　to　surround　the　various　groups　of　surveyors　still　at　large　and　to　exterminate　them。　Boone　made　his　journey　successfully。　He　found　John　Floyd；　who　was　surveying　for　Washington；　he　sped　up　to　where　Harrod　and　his　band　were　building　cabins　and　sent　them　out；　just　in　time　as　it　happened；　he　reached　all　the　outposts　of　Thomas　Bullitt's　party；　only　one　of　whom　fell　a　victim　to　the　foe*；　and；　undetected　by　the　Indians；　he　brought　himself　and　Stoner　home　in　safety；　after　covering　eight　hundred　miles　in　sixty…one　days。

*　Hancock　Taylor；　who　delayed　in　getting　out　of　the　country　and　was　cut　off。


Harrod　and　his　homesteaders　immediately　enlisted　in　the　army。　How　eager　Boone　was　to　go　with　the　forces　under　Lewis　is　seen　in　the　official　correspondence　relative　to　Dunmore's　War。　Floyd　wanted　Boone's　help　in　raising　a　company：　〃Captain　Bledsoe　says　that　Boone　has　more　＇influence＇　than　any　man　now　disengaged；　and　you　know　what　Boone　has　done　for　me。。。for　which　reason　I　love　the　man。〃　Even　the　border；　it　would　seem；　had　its　species　of　pacifists　who　were　willing　to　let　others　take　risks　for　them；　for　men　hung　back　from　recruiting；　and　desertions　were　the　order　of　the　day。　Major　Arthur　Campbell　hit　upon　a　solution　of　the　difficulties　in　West　Fincastle。　He　was　convinced　that　Boone　could　raise　a　company　and　hold　the　men　loyal。　And　Boone　did。

For　some　reason；　however；　Daniel's　desire　to　march　with　the　army　was　denied。　Perhaps　it　was　because　just　such　a　man　as　heand；　indeed；　there　was　no　otherwas　needed　to　guard　the　settlement。　Presently　he　was　put　in　command　of　Moore's　Fort　in　Clinch　Valley；　and　his　〃diligence〃　received　official　approbation。　A　little　later　the　inhabitants　of　the　valley　sent　out　a　petition　to　have　Boone　made　a　〃captain〃　and　given　supreme　command　of　the　lower　forts。　The　settlers　demanded　Boone's　promotion　for　their　own　security。

〃The　land　it　is　good；　it　is　just　to　our　mind；　Each　will　have　his　part　if　his　Lordship　be　kind；　The　Ohio　once　ours；　we'll　live　at　our　ease；　With　a　bottle　and　glass　to　drink　when　we　please。〃

So　sang　the　army　poet；　thus　giving　voice；　as　bards　should　ever　do；　to　the　theme　nearest　the　hearts　of　his　hearersin　this　case；　Land！　Presumably　his　ditty　was　composed　on　the　eve　of　the　march　from　Lewisburg；　for　it　is　found　in　a　soldier's　diary。

On　the　evening　of　October　9；1774；　Andrew　Lewis　with　his　force　of　eleven　hundred　frontiersmen　was　encamped　on　Point　Pleasant　at　the　junction　of　the　Great　Kanawha　with　the　Ohio。　Dunmore　in　the　meantime　had　led　his　forces　into　Ohio　and　had　erected　Fort　Gower　at　the　mouth　of　the　Hockhocking　River；　where　he　waited　for　word　from　Andrew　Lewis。*

*　It　has　been　customary　to　ascribe　to　Lord　Dunmore　motives　of　treachery　in　failing　to　make　connections　with　Lewis；　but　no　real　evidence　has　been　advanced　to　support　any　of　the　charges　made　against　him　by　local　historians。　The　charges　were；　as　Theodore　Roosevelt　says；　〃an　afterthought。〃　Dunmore　was　a　King's　man　in　the　Revolution；　and　yet　in　March；　1775；　the　Convention　of　the　Colony　of　Virginia；　assembled　in　opposition　to　the　royal　party；　resolved：　〃The　most　cordial　thanks　of　the　people　of　this　colony　are　a　tribute　justly　due　to　our　worthy　Governor　Lord　Dunmore；　for　his　truly　noble；　wise；　and　spirited　conduct　which　at　once　evinces　his　Excellency's　attention　to　the　true　interests　of　this　colony；　and　a　real　in　the　executive　department　which　no　dangers　can　divert；　or　difficulties　hinder；　from　achieving　the　most　important　services　to　the　people　who　have　the　happiness　to　live　under　his　administration。〃　（See　〃American　Archives；〃　Fourth　Series；　vol。　II；　p。　170。）　Similar　resolutions　were　passed　by　his　officers　on　the　march　home　from　Ohio；　at　the　same　time；　the　officers　passed　resolutions　in　sympathy　with　the　American　cause。　Yet　it　was　Andrew　Lewis　who　later　drove　Dunmore　from　Virginia。　Well　might　Dunmore　exclaim；　〃That　it　should　ever　come　to　this！〃


The　movements　of　the　two　armies　were　being　observed　by　scouts　from　the　force　of　red　warriors　gathered　in　Ohio　under　the　great　leader　of　the　Shawanoes。　Cornstalk　purposed　to　isolate　the　two　armies　of　his　enemy　and　to　crush　them　in　turn　before　they　could　come　together。　His　first　move　was　to　launch　an　attack　on　Lewis　at　Point　Pleasant。　In　the　dark　of　night；　Cornstalk's　Indians　crossed　the　Ohio　on　rafts；　intending　to　surprise　the　white　man's　camp　at　dawn。　They　would　have　succeeded　but　for　the　chance　that　three　or　four　of　the　frontiersmen；　who　had　risen　before　daybreak　to　hunt；　came　upon　the　Indians　creeping　towards　the　camp。　Shots　were　exchanged。　An　Indian　and　a　white　man　dropped。　The　firing　roused　the　camp。　Three　hundred　men　in　two　lines　under　Charles　Lewis　and　William　Fleming　sallied　forth　expecting　to　engage　the　vanguard　of　the　enemy　but　encountered　almost　the　whole　force　of　from　eight　hundred　to　a　thousand　Indians　before　the　rest　of　the　army　could　come　into　action。　Both　officers　were　wounded；　Charles　Lewis　fatally。　The　battle；　which　continued　from　dawn　until　an　hour　before　sunset；　was　the　bloodiest　in　Virginia's　long　series　of　Indian　wars。　The　frontiersmen　fought　as　such　men　ever　foughtwith　the　daring；　bravery；　swiftness　of　attack；　and　skill　in　taking　cover　which　were　the　tactics　of　their　day；　even　as　at　a　later　time　many　of　these　same　men　fought　at　King's　Mountain　and　in　Illinois　the　battles　that　did　so　much　to　turn　the　tide　in　the　Revolution。*

*　　With　Andrew　Lewis　on　this　day　were　Isaac　Shelby　and　William　Campbell；　the　victorious　leaders　at　King's　Mountain；　James　Robertson；　the　〃father　of　Tennessee；〃　Valentine　Sevier；　Daniel　Morgan；　hero　of　the　Cowpens；　Major　Arthur　Campbell；　Benjamin　Logan；　Anthony　Bledsoe；　and　Simon　Kenton。　With　Dunmore's　force　were　Adam　Stephen；　who　distinguished　himself　at　the　Brandywine；　George　Rogers　Clark；　John　Stuart；　already　noted　through　the　Cherokee　wars；　and　John　Montgomery；　later　one　of　Clark's　four　captains　in　Illinois。　The　two　last　mentioned　were　Highlanders。　Clark's　Illinois　force　was　largely　recruited　from　the　troops　who　fought　at　Point　Pleasant。


Colonel　Preston　wrote　to　Patrick　Henry　that　the　enemy　behaved　with　〃inconceivable　bravery；〃　the　head　men　walking　about　in　the　time　of　action　exhorting　their　men　to　〃lie　close；　shoot　well；　be　strong；　and　fight。〃　The　Shawanoes　ran　up　to　the　muzzles　of　the　English　guns；　disputing　every　foot　of　ground。　Both　sides　knew　well　what　they　were　fighting　forthe　rich　land　held　in　a　semicircle　by　the　Beautiful　River。

Shortly　before　sundown　the　Indians；　mistaking　a　flank　movement　by　Shelby's　contingent　for　the　arrival　of　reinforcements；　retreated　across　the　Ohio。　Many　of　their　most　noted　warriors　had　fallen　and　among　them　the　Shawano　chief；　Puck…e…shin…wa；　father　of　a　famous　son；　Tecumseh。*　Yet　they　were　unwilling　to　accept　defeat。　When　they　heard　that　Dunmore　was　now　marching　overland　to　cut　them　off　from　their　towns；　their　fury　blazed　anew。　〃Shall　we　first　kill　all　our　women　and　children　and　then　fight　till　we　ourselves　are　slain？〃　Cornstalk；　in　irony；　demanded　of　them；　〃No？　Then　I　will　go　and　make　peace。〃

*　　Thwaites；　〃Documentary　History　of　Dunmore's　War。〃


By　the　treaty　compacted　between　the　chiefs　and　Lord　Dunmore；　the　Indians　gave　up　all　claim　to　the　lands　south　of　the　Ohio；　even　for　hunting；　and　agreed　to　allow　boats　to　pass　unmolested。　In　this　treaty　the　Mingos　refused　to　join；　and　a　detachment　of　Dunmore's　troops　made　a　punitive　expedition　to　their　towns。　Some　discord　arose　between　Dunmore　and　Lewis's　frontier　forces　because；　since　the　Shawanoes　had　made　peace；　the　Governor　would　not　allow　the　frontiersmen　to　destroy　the　Shawano　towns。

Of　all　the　chiefs；　Logan　alone　still　held　aloof。　Major　Gibson　undertook　to　fetch　him；　but　Logan　refused　to　come　to　the　treaty　grounds。　He　sent　by　Gibson　the　short　speech　which　has　lived　as　an　example　of　the　best　Indian　oratory：

〃I　appeal　to　any　white　man　to　say　if　ever　he　entered　Logan's　cabin　hungry　and　he　gave　him　not　meat：　if　ever　he　came　cold　and　naked　and　he　clothed　him　not。　During　the　course　of　the　last　long　and　bloody　war；　Logan　remained　idle　in　his　cabin；　an　advocate　for　peace。　Such　was　my　love　for　the　whites　that　my　countrymen　pointed　as　they　passed　and　said；　'Logan　is　the　friend　of　the　white　men。'　I　had　even　thought　to　have　lived　with　you　but　for　the　injuries　of　one　man。　Colonel　Cresap；　the　last　spring；　in　cold　blood　and　unprovoked；　murdered　all　the　relations　of　Logan；　not　even　sparing　my　women　and　children。　There　remains　not　a　drop　of　my　blood　in　the　veins　of　any　living　creature。　This　called　on　me　for　revenge。　I　have　sought　it；　I　have　killed　many；　I　have　fully　glutted　my　vengeance：　for　my　country　I　rejoice　at　the　beams　of　peace。　But　do　not　harbor　a　thought　that　mine　is　the　joy　of　fear。　Logan　never　felt　fear。　He　will　not　turn　on　his　heel　to　save　h