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THE COMPLEAT ANGLER
THE COMPLEAT
ANGLER
IZAAK WALTON
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THE COMPLEAT ANGLER
To the Right worshipful
John Offley
of Madeley Manor�察 �in the County of Stafford Esquire�察 �My most
honoured Friend
Sir�察�I have made so ill use of your former favours�察�as by them to be
encouraged to entreat�察 �that they may be enlarged to the patronage and
protection of this Book�此�and I have put on a modest confidence�察�that I shall
not be denied�察 �because it is a discourse of Fish and Fishing�察 �which you
know so well�察�and both love and practice so much。
You are assured�察�though there be ignorant men of another belief�察�that
Angling is an Art�此�and you know that Art better than others�察�and that this is
truth is demonstrated by the fruits of that pleasant labour which you enjoy�察�
when you purpose to give rest to your mind�察�and divest yourself of your
more serious business�察�and�察�which is often�察�dedicate a day or two to this
recreation。
At which time�察 �if common Anglers should attend you�察 �and be
eyewitnesses of the success�察�not of your fortune�察�but your skill�察�it would
doubtless beget in them an emulation to be like you�察�and that emulation
might beget an industrious diligence to be so�察�but I know it is not attain
bye by common capacities�此�and there be now many men of great wisdom�察�
learning�察 �and experience�察 �which love and practice this Art�察 �that know I
speak the truth。
Sir�察 �this pleasant curiosity of Fish and Fishing�察 �of which you are so
great a master�察�has been thought worthy the pens and practices of divers in
other nations�察�that have been reputed men of great learning and wisdom。
And amongst those of this nation�察�I remember Sir Henry Wotton�察�a dear
lover of this Art�察�has told me�察�that his intentions were to write a Discourse
of the Art�察�and in praise of Angling�察�and doubtless he had done so�察�if death
had not prevented him�察 �the remembrance of which had often made me
sorry�察�for if he had lived to do it�察�then the unlearned Angler had seen some
better treatise of this Art�察 �a treatise that might have proved worthy his
perusal�察 �which�察 �though some have undertaken�察 �I could never yet see in
English。
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THE COMPLEAT ANGLER
But mine may be thought as weak�察�and as unworthy of common view�察�
and I do here freely confess�察 �that I should rather excuse myself�察 �than
censure others�察 �my own discourse being liable to so many exceptions�察�
against which you�察�Sir�察�might make this one�察�that it can contribute nothing
to YOUR knowledge。 And lest a longer epistle may diminish your
pleasure�察�I shall make this no longer than to add this following truth�察�that I
am really�察�Sir�察�your most affectionate Friend�察�and most humble Servant�察�
Iz。 Wa。
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THE COMPLEAT ANGLER
The epistle to the reader
To all Readers of this discourse�察�but especially to the honest Angler
I think fit to tell thee these following truths�察 �that I did neither
undertake�察 �nor write�察 �nor publish�察 �and much less own�察 �this Discourse to
please myself�此�and�察�having been too easily drawn to do all to please others�察�
as I propose not the gaining of credit by this undertaking�察�so I would not
willingly lose any part of that to which I had a just title before I began it�察�
and do therefore desire and hope�察 �if I deserve not commendations�察 �yet I
may obtain pardon。
And though this Discourse may be liable to some exceptions�察 �yet I
cannot doubt but that most Readers may receive so much pleasure or profit
by it�察�as may make it worthy the time of their perusal�察�if they be not too
grave or too busy men。 And this is all the confidence that I can put on�察�
concerning the merit of what is here offered to their consideration and
censure�察 �and if the last prove too severe�察 �as I have a liberty�察 �so I am
resolved to use it�察�and neglect all sour censures。
And I wish the Reader also to take notice�察�that in writing of it I have
made myself a recreation of a recreation�察�and that it might prove so to him�察�
and not read dull and tediously�察 �I have in several places mixed�察 �not any
scurrility�察�but some innocent�察�harmless mirth�察�of which�察�if thou be a severe�察�
sour´complexioned man�察�then I here disallow thee to be a competent judge�察�
for divines say�察�there are offences given�察�and offences not given but taken。
And I am the willinger to justify the pleasant part of it�察�because though
it is known I can be serious at seasonable times�察�yet the whole Discourse is�察�
or rather was�察�a picture of my own disposition�察�especially in such days and
times as I have laid aside business�察 �and gone a´fishing with honest Nat。
and R。 Roe�察�but they are gone�察�and with them most of my pleasant hours�察�
even as a shadow that passeth away and returns not。
And next let me add this�察�that he that likes not the book�察�should like
the excellent picture of the Trout�察�and some of the other fish�察�which I may
take a liberty to commend�察�because they concern not myself。
Next�察�let me tell the Reader�察�that in that which is the more useful part
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of this Discourse�察 �that is to say�察 �the observations of the nature and
breeding�察�and seasons�察�and catching of fish�察�I am not so simple as not to
know�察�that a captious reader may find exceptions against something said of
some of these�察 �and therefore I must entreat him to con。 eider�察 �that
experience teaches us to know that several countries alter the time�察�and I
think�察�almost the manner�察�of fishes' breeding�察�but doubtless of their being
in season�察 �as may appear by three rivers in Monmouthshire�察 �namely�察�
Severn�察 �Wye�察 �and Usk�察 �where Camden observes�察 �that in the river Wye�察�
Salmon are in season from September to April�察�and we are certain�察�that in
Thames and Trent�察 �and in most other rivers�察 �they be in season the six
hotter months。
Now for the Art of catching fish�察�that is to say�察�How to make a man
that was none to be an Angler by a book�察 �he that undertakes it shall
undertake a harder task than Mr。 Hales�察�a most valiant and excellent fencer�察�
who in a printed book called A Private School of Defence undertook to
teach that art or science�察�and was laughed at for his labour。 Not but that
many useful things might be learned by that book�察�but he was laughed at
because that art was not to be taught by words�察�but practice�此�and so must
Angling。 And note also�察�that in this Discourse I do not undertake to say all
that is known�察�or may be said of it�察�but I undertake to acquaint the Reader
with many things that are not usually known to every Angler�察�and I shall
leave gleanings and observations enough to be made out of the experience
of all that love and practice this recreation�察 �to which I shall encourage
them。 For Angling may be said to be so like the Mathematicks�察�that it can
never be fully learnt�察�at least not so fully�察�but that there will still be more
new experiments left for the trial of other men that succeed us。
But I think all that love this game may here learn something that may
be worth their money�察�if they be not poor and needy men�此�and in case they
be�察�I then wish them to forbear to buy it�察�for I write not to get money�察�but
for pleasure�察�and this Discourse boasts of no more�察�for I hate to promise
much�察�and deceive the Reader。
And however it proves to him�察 �yet I am sure I have found a high
content in the search and conference of what is here offered to the
Reader's view and censure。 I wish him as much in the perusal of it�察�and so
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I might here take my leave�察�but will stay a little and tell him�察�that whereas
it is said by many�察�that in fly´fishing for a Trout�察�the Angler must observe
his twelve several flies for the twelve months of the year�察 �I say�察 �he that
follows that rule�察�shall be as sure to catch fish�察�and be as wise�察�as he that
makes hay by the fair days in an Almanack�察�and no surer�察�for those very
flies that used to appear about�察�and on�察�the water in one month of the year�察�
may the following year come almost a month sooner or later�察�as the same
year proves colder or hotter�此�and yet�察�in the following Discourse�察�I have set
down the twelve flies that are in reputation with many anglers�察�and they
may serve to give him some observations concerning them。 And he may
note�察�that there are in Wales�察�and other countries�察�peculiar flies�察�proper to
the particular place or country�察�and doubtless�察�unless a man makes a fly to
counterfeit that very fly in that place�察�he is like to lose his labour�察�or much
of it�察�but for the generality�察�three or four flies neat and rightly made�察�and
not too big�察�serve for a Trout in most r