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及13何蛍

the compleat angler(換許寄畠)-及13何蛍

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hath   her   mouth   naturally   shut   up   about   the   end   of August�察  �and   that   she 

lives so all the winter�此�and though it be strange to some�察�yet it is known to 

too many among us to be doubted。 

     And so much for these Fordidge Trouts�察�which never afford an angler 

sport�察�but either live their time of being in the fresh water�察�by their meat 

formerly gotten in the sea�察�not unlike the swallow or frog�察�or�察�by the virtue 

of the fresh water only�察�or�察�as the birds of Paradise and the cameleon are 

said to live�察�by the sun and the air。 

     There is also in Northumberland a Trout called a Bull´trout�察�of a much 

greater length and bigness than any in these southern parts�察�and there are�察�

in many rivers that relate to the sea�察�Salmon´trouts�察�as much different from 

others�察�both in shape and in their spots�察�as we see sheep in some countries 

differ one from another in their shape and bigness�察�and in the fineness of 

the wool�此�and�察�certainly�察�as some pastures breed larger sheep�察�so do some 

rivers�察�by reason of the ground over which they run�察�breed larger Trouts。 

     Now the next thing that I will commend to your consideration is�察�that 

the Trout is of a more sudden growth than other fish。 Concerning which�察�

you   are   also   to take   notice�察  �that   he   lives   not   so   long   as   the   Pearch�察  �and 

divers other fishes do�察�as Sir Francis Bacon hath observed in his History of 

Life and Death。 

     And   next   you   are   to   take   notice�察  �that   he   is   not   like   the   Crocodile�察�

which if he lives never so long�察�vet always thrives till his death�此�but 'tis not 

so with the Trout�察�for after he is come to his full growth�察�he declines in his 

body�察�and keeps his bigness�察�or thrives only in his head till his death。 And 

you   are   to   know�察  �that   he   will�察  �about�察  �especially   before�察  �the   time   of   his 

spawning�察�get�察�almost miraculously�察�through weirs and flood´gates�察�against 

the stream�察�even through such high and swift places as is almost incredible。 



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Next�察  �that   the Trout   usually  spawns   about   October   or   November�察  �but   in 

some rivers a little sooner or later�察�which is the more observable�察�because 

most other fish spawn in the spring or summer�察�when the sun hath warmed 

both the   earth and   water�察 �and made   it   fit for generation。 And you   are   to 

note�察�that he continues many months out of season�察�for it may be observed 

of the Trout�察�that he is like the Buck or the Ox�察�that will not be fat in many 

months�察�though he go in the very same pastures that horses do�察�which will 

be   fat   in   one   month�此  �and   so   you   may   observe�察  �That   most   other   fishes 

recover strength�察�and grow sooner fat and in season than the Trout doth。 

     And next you are to note�察�That till the sun gets to such a height as to 

warm the earth and the water�察�the Trout is sick�察�and lean�察�and lousy�察�and 

unwholesome�察�for you shall�察�in winter�察�find him to have a big head�察�and�察�

then�察  �to   be   lank   and   thin   and   lean�察  �at   which   time   many   of   them   have 

sticking on them Sugs�察�or Trout´lice�察�which is a kind of a worm�察�in shape 

like a clove�察�or pin with a big head�察�and sticks close to him�察�and sucks his 

moisture�察�those�察�I think�察�the Trout breeds himself�此�and never thrives till he 

free himself from them�察�which is when warm weather comes�察�and�察�then�察�as 

he grows stronger�察�he gets from the dead still water into the sharp streams 

and the   gravel�察�and�察  �there�察�rubs off these   worms or   lice�察�and   then�察�as   he 

grows stronger�察�so he gets him into swifter and swifter streams�察�and there 

lies at   the   watch   for   any  fly  or   minnow  that   comes   near   to him�察  �and he 

especially loves the May´fly�察�which is bred of the cod´worm�察�or cadis�察�and 

these   make   the   Trout   bold   and   lusty�察  �and   he   is   usually   fatter   and   better 

meat at the end of that month than at any time of the year。 

     Now you are to know that it is observed�察�that usually the best Trouts 

are either red or yellow�察�though some�察�as the Fordidge Trout�察�be white and 

yet good�察�but that is not usual�此�and it is a note observable�察�that the female 

Trout hath usually a less head�察�and a deeper body than the male Trout�察�and 

is usually the better meat。 And note�察�that a hog back and a little head�察�to 

either Trout�察�Salmon or any other fish�察�is a sign that that fish is in season。 

     But yet   you   are   to note�察 �that as   you see   some   willows   or palm´trees 

bud   and   blossom   sooner   than   others   do�察  �so   some   Trouts   be�察  �in   rivers�察�

sooner in season�此�and as some hollies�察�or oaks�察�are longer before they cast 

their   leaves�察  �so   are   some   Trouts�察  �in   rivers�察  �longer   before   they   go   out   of 



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season。 

     And you are to note�察�that there are several kinds of Trouts�此�but these 

several kinds are not considered but by very few men�察�for they go under 

the general name of Trouts�察�just as pigeons do�察�in most places�察�though it is 

certain�察�there are tame and wild pigeons�察�and of the tame�察�there be hermits 

and runts�察�and carriers and cropers�察�and indeed too many to name。 Nay�察�the 

Royal   Society   have   found   and   published   lately�察  �that   there   be   thirty   and 

three   kinds   of   spiders�察  �and   yet   all�察  �for   aught   I   know�察  �go   under   that   one 

general name of spider。 And it is so with many kinds of fish�察�and of Trouts 

especially�察�which differ in their bigness�察�and shape�察�and spots�察�and colour。 

The great Kentish hens may be an instance�察�compared to other hens�此�and�察�

doubtless�察�there is a kind of small Trout�察�which will never thrive to be big�察�

that breeds very many more than others do�察�that be of a larger size�此�which 

you may rasher believe�察�if you consider that the little wren end titmouse 

will have twenty young ones at a time�察�when�察�usually�察�the noble hawk�察�or 

the musical thrassel or blackbird�察�exceed not four or five。 

     And now you shall see me try my skill to catch a Trout�察�and at my next 

walking�察    �either   this  evening     or  to´morrow      morning�察    �I  will  give   you 

direction how you yourself shall fish for him。 

     Venator。 Trust   me�察  �master�察 �I   see now it is   a   harder   matter   to   catch   a 

Trout than a Chub�察�for I have put on patience�察�and followed you these two 

hours�察�and not seen a fish stir�察�neither at your minnow nor your worm。 

     Piscator。 Well�察�scholar�察�you must endure worse luck sometime�察�or you 

will never   make a   good angler。  But what   say  you   now�拭�there is a Trout 

now�察  �and   a   good   one   too�察 �if   I   can   but   hold   him�察  �and   two   or   three   turns 

more will tire him。 Now you see he lies still�察�and the sleight is to land him�此�

reach me that landing´net。 So�察�Sir�察�now he is mine own�此�what say you now�察�

is not this worth all my labour and your patience�拭�

     Venator。 On my word�察�master�察�this is a gallant Trout�察�what shall we do 

with him�拭�

     Piscator。 Marry�察�e en eat him to supper�此�we'll go to my hostess from 

whence we came�察�she told me�察�as I was going out of door�察�that my brother 

Peter�察�a good angler and a cheerful companion�察�had sent word he would 

lodge there to´night�察�and bring a friend with him。 My hostess has two beds�察�



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and   I   know   you   and   I   may  have   the   best�此  �we'll   rejoice   with   my   brother 

Peter   and   his   friend�察  �tell   tales�察  �or   sing   ballads�察  �or   make   a   catch�察  �or   find 

some   harmless   sport   to   content   us�察  �and   pass   away   a   little   time   without 

offence to God or man。 

     Venator。  A  match�察  �good   master�察  �let's   go   to   that   house�察  �for   the   linen 

looks white�察�and smells of lavender�察�and I long to lie in a pair of sheets 

that   smell   so。   Let's   be   going�察  �good   master�察  �for   I   am   hungry   again   with 

fishing。 

     Piscator。 Nay�察�stay a little�察�good scholar。 I caught my last Trout with a 

worm�察  �now   I   will   put   on   a   minnow�察  �and   try   a   quarter   of   an   hour   about 

yonder   trees   for   another�察  �and�察  �so�察  �walk   towards   our   lodging。   Look   you�察�

scholar�察�thereabout we shall have a bite presently�察�or not at all。 Have with 

you�察�Sir�此�o' my word I have hold of him。 Oh� �it is a great logger´ headed 

Chub�察�come�察�hang him upon that willow twig�察�and let's be going。 But turn 

out   of   the   way   a   little�察  �good   scholar�   �toward   yonder   high   honeysuckle 

hedge�察�there we'll sit and sing whilst this shower falls so gently upon the 

teeming   earth�察  �and   gives   yet   a   sweeter   smell   to   the   lovely   flowers   that 

adorn these verdant meadows。 

     Look   �   �under   that   broad   beech´tree   I   sat   down�察  �when   I   was   last   this 

way   a´fishing�察  �and   the   birds   in   the   adjoining   grove   seemed   to   have   a 

friendly  contention   with   an   echo�察  �whose  dead   voice   seemed   to   live   in   a 

hollow tree near to the brow of that primrose´hill。 There I sat viewing the 

silver streams glide silently towards their centre�察�the tempestuous sea�察�yet 

sometimes opposed by rugged roots and pebble´stones�察�which broke their 

waves�察  �and   turned   them   into   foam�察  �and   sometimes   I   beguiled   time   by 

viewing   the   harmless   lambs�察  �some   leaping   securely   in   the   cool   shade�察�

whilst     others    sported    themselves      in   the   cheerful    sun�察  �and    saw    others 

craving comfort from the swollen udders of their bleating dams。 As I thus 

sat�察�these and o

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