war of the classes(竣雫況尸)-及3何蛍
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
added to it by their joint effort。 This added value is�察�therefore�察�their joint
product�察�and it is over the division of this joint product that the struggle
between labor and capital takes place。 Labor takes its share in wages�察�
capital takes its share in profits。 It is patent�察�if capital took in profits the
whole joint product�察 �that labor would perish。 And it is equally patent�察 �if
labor took in wages the whole joint product�察�that capital would perish。 Yet
this last is the very thing labor aspires to do�察 �and that it will never be
content with anything less than the whole joint product is evidenced by the
words of its leaders。
Mr。 Samuel Gompers�察�president of the American Federation of Labor�察�
has said�此 �The workers want more wages�察 �more of the comforts of life�察�
more leisure�察�more chance for self´improvement as men�察�as trade´unionists�察�
as citizens。 THESE WERE THE WANTS OF YESTERDAY�察�THEY ARE
THE WANTS OF TODAY�察 �THEY WILL BE THE WANTS OF
TOMORROW�察�AND OF TOMORROW'S MORROW。 The struggle may
assume new forms�察�but the issue is the immemorial one��an effort of the
producers to obtain an increasing measure of the wealth that flows from
their production。;
Mr。 Henry White�察 �secretary of the United Garment Workers of
America and a member of the Industrial Committee of the National Civic
Federation�察 �speaking of the National Civic Federation soon after its
inception�察 �said�此 �To fall into one another's arms�察 �to avow friendship�察 �to
express regret at the injury which has been done�察�would not alter the facts
of the situation。 Workingmen will continue to demand more pay�察�and the
employer will naturally oppose them。 The readiness and ability of the
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workmen to fight will�察 �as usual�察 �largely determine the amount of their
wages or their share in the product。 。 。 But when it comes to dividing the
proceeds�察�there is the rub。 We can also agree that the larger the product
through the employment of labor´saving methods the better�察�as there will
be more to be divided�察 �but again the question of the division。 。 。 。 A
Conciliation Committee�察 �having the confidence of the community�察 �and
composed of men possessing practical knowledge of industrial affairs�察�can
therefore aid in mitigating this antagonism�察 �in preventing avoidable
conflicts�察 �in bringing about a TRUCE�察 �I use the word 'truce' because
understandings can only be temporary。;
Here is a man who might have owned cattle on a thousand hills�察�been a
lumber baron or a railroad king�察�had he been born a few years sooner。 As it
is�察�he remains in his class�察�is secretary of the United Garment Workers of
America�察 �and is so thoroughly saturated with the class struggle that he
speaks of the dispute between capital and labor in terms of war��workmen
FIGHT with employers�察 �it is possible to avoid some CONFLICTS�察 �in
certain cases TRUCES may be�察�for the time being�察�effected。
Man being man and a great deal short of the angels�察�the quarrel over
the division of the joint product is irreconcilable。 For the last twenty years
in the United States�察�there has been an average of over a thousand strikes
per year�察 �and year by year these strikes increase in magnitude�察 �and the
front of the labor army grows more imposing。 And it is a class struggle�察�
pure and simple。 Labor as a class is fighting with capital as a class。
Workingmen will continue to demand more pay�察 �and employers will
continue to oppose them。 This is the key´note to LAISSEZ FAIRE�察�
everybody for himself and devil take the hindmost。 It is upon this that the
rampant individualist bases his individualism。 It is the let´alone policy�察�the
struggle for existence�察 �which strengthens the strong�察 �destroys the weak�察�
and makes a finer and more capable breed of men。 But the individual has
passed away and the group has come�察�for better or worse�察�and the struggle
has become�察 �not a struggle between individuals�察 �but a struggle between
groups。 So the query rises�此�Has the individualist never speculated upon the
labor group becoming strong enough to destroy the capitalist group�察�and
take to itself and run for itself the machinery of industry�拭�And�察�further�察�has
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War of the Classes
the individualist never speculated upon this being still a triumphant
expression of individualism��of group individualism��if the confusion of
terms may be permitted�拭�
But the facts of the class struggle are deeper and more significant than
have so far been presented。 A million or so of workmen may organize for
the pursuit of interests which engender class antagonism and strife�察�and at
the same time be unconscious of what is engendered。 But when a million
or so of workmen show unmistakable signs of being conscious of their
class��of being�察�in short�察�class conscious��then the situation grows serious。
The uncompromising and terrible hatred of the trade´unionist for a scab is
the hatred of a class for a traitor to that class��while the hatred of a trade´
unionist for the militia is the hatred of a class for a weapon wielded by the
class with which it is fighting。 No workman can be true to his class and at
the same time be a member of the militia�此�this is the dictum of the labor
leaders。
In the town of the writer�察�the good citizens�察�when they get up a Fourth
of July parade and invite the labor unions to participate�察�are informed by
the unions that they will not march in the parade if the militia marches。
Article 8 of the constitution of the Painters' and Decorators' Union of
Schenectady provides that a member must not be a ;militiaman�察 �special
police officer�察 �or deputy marshal in the employ of corporations or
individuals during strikes�察 �lockouts�察 �or other labor difficulties�察 �and any
member occupying any of the above positions will be debarred from
membership。; Mr。 William Potter was a member of this union and a
member of the National Guard。 As a result�察�because he obeyed the order of
the Governor when his company was ordered out to suppress rioting�察�he
was expelled from his union。 Also his union demanded his employers�察�
Shafer & Barry�察�to discharge him from their service。 This they complied
with�察�rather than face the threatened strike。
Mr。 Robert L。 Walker�察 �first lieutenant of the Light Guards�察 �a New
Haven militia company�察�recently resigned。 His reason was�察�that he was a
member of the Car Builders' Union�察�and that the two organizations were
antagonistic to each other。 During a New Orleans street´car strike not long
ago�察 �a whole company of militia�察 �called out to protect non´union men�察�
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War of the Classes
resigned in a body。 Mr。 John Mulholland�察 �president of the International
Association of Allied Metal Mechanics�察�has stated that he does not want
the members to join the militia。 The Local Trades' Assembly of Syracuse�察�
New York�察 �has passed a resolution�察 �by unanimous vote�察 �requiring union
men who are members of the National Guard to resign�察 �under pain of
expulsion�察 �from the unions。 The Amalgamated Sheet Metal Workers'
Association has incorporated in its constitution an amendment excluding
from membership in its organization ;any person a member of the regular
army�察�or of the State militia or naval reserve。; The Illinois State Federation
of Labor�察 �at a recent convention�察 �passed without a dissenting vote a
resolution declaring that membership in military organizations is a
violation of labor union obligations�察 �and requesting all union men to
withdraw from the militia。 The president of the Federation�察 �Mr。 Albert
Young�察�declared that the militia was a menace not only to unions�察�but to all
workers throughout the country。
These instances may be multiplied a thousand fold。 The union
workmen are becoming conscious of their class�察�and of the struggle their
class is waging with the capitalist class。 To be a member of the militia is to
be a traitor to the union�察 �for the militia is a weapon wielded by the
employers to crush the workers in the struggle between the warring
groups。
Another interesting�察 �and even more pregnant�察 �phase of the class
struggle is the political aspect of it as displayed by the socialists。 Five men�察�
standing together�察�may perform prodigies�察�500 men�察�marching as marched
the historic Five Hundred of Marseilles�察�may sack a palace and destroy a
king�察�while 500��000 men�察�passionately preaching the propaganda of a class
struggle�察�waging a class struggle along political lines�察�and backed by the
moral and intellectual support of 10��000��000 more men of like convictions
throughout the world�察�may com