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madam how and lady why(裟健繁才山溺平)-及6何蛍

弌傍�� madam how and lady why(裟健繁才山溺平) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

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Andes   into   the   green   forests   of   the   eastern   side   of   their   own   land�察  �they 

might not only live free from earthquakes�察�but ��if they would only be good 

and industrious�� become a great�察�rich�察�and happy nation�察�instead of the idle�察�

and useless�察�and I am afraid not over good�察�people which they have been。 

For in that eastern part of their own land God's gifts are waiting for them�察�



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                                MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY 



in   a   paradise such   as   I   can   neither   describe   nor   you   conceive��precious 

woods�察     �fruits�察 �drugs�察  �and    what   notboundless       wealth�察  �in   one   word 

waiting for them to send it all down the waters of the mighty river Amazon�察�

enriching us here in the Old World�察�and enriching themselves there in the 

New。     If  they   would    only    go  and    use   these   gifts  of  God�察   �instead    of 

neglecting   them   as   they   have   been   doing   for   now   three   hundred   years�察�

they would be a blessing to the earth�察�instead of being that which they 

have been。 

     God grant�察�my dear child�察�that these poor people may take the warning 

that has been sent to them�察 �The voice of God revealed in facts�察─�as the 

great   Lord   Bacon   would   have   called   it�察  �and   see   not   only   that   God   has 

bidden them leave the place where they are now�察�but has prepared for them�察�

in their own land�察�a home a thousand times better than that in which they 

now live。 

     But you ask�察�How ought they to have known that an earthquake would 

come�拭�

     Well�察   �to   make    you    understand     that�察  �we   must    talk  a   little  about 

earthquakes�察�and what makes them�察�and in order to find out that�察�let us try 

the   very   simplest   cause   of   which   we   can   think。    That   is   the   wise   and 

scientific plan。 

     Now�察�whatever makes these earthquakes must be enormously strong�察�

that is certain。     And what is the strongest thing you know of in the world�拭�

Think 。 。 。 

     Gunpowder�拭�

     Well�察  �gunpowder   is   strong   sometimes�此        �but   not   always。     You   may 

carry  it   in   a   flask�察  �or   in   your   hand�察  �and   then   it   is   weak   enough。   It   only 

becomes strong by being turned into gas and steam。                  But steam is always 

strong。     And if you look at a railway engine�察�still more if you had ever 

seenwhich God forbid you shoulda boiler explosion�察�you would agree 

with me�察�that the strongest thing we know of in the world is steam。 

     Now I think that we can explain almost�察�if not quite�察�all that we know 

about   earthquakes�察  �if   we   believe   that   on   the   whole   they   are   caused   by 

steam  and   other   gases   expanding�察  �that   is�察  �spreading   out�察  �with   wonderful 

quickness   and   strength。       Of   course   there   must   be   something   to   make 



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                                MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY 



them expand�察�and that is HEAT。            But we will not talk of that yet。 

     Now do you remember that riddle which I put to you the other day�拭� ´ 

;What had the rattling of the lid of the kettle to do with Hartford Bridge 

Flat being lifted out of the ancient sea�拭─�

     The answer to the riddle�察�I believe�察�isSteam has done both。                 The lid 

of the kettle rattles�察�because the expanding steam escapes in little jets�察�and 

so causes a LID´QUAKE。              Now suppose that there was steam under the 

earth trying to escape�察�and the earth in one place was loose and yet hard�察�

as the lid of the kettle is loose and yet hard�察�with cracks in it�察�it may be�察�

like the crack between the edge of the lid and the edge of the kettle itself�此�

might not the steam try to escape through the cracks�察�and rattle the surface 

of the earth�察�and so cause an EARTHQUAKE�拭�

     So the   steam  would escape   generally  easily�察 �and would   only  make   a 

passing   rattle�察  �like   the   earthquake   of   which   the   famous   jester   Charles 

Selwyn said that it was quite a young one�察�so tame that you might have 

stroked it�察�like that which I myself once felt in the Pyrenees�察�which gave 

me very solemn   thoughts after a  while�察�though   at first I did nothing but 

laugh at it�察�and I will tell you why。 

     I  was    travelling   in  the  Pyrenees�察    �and   I  came    one   evening    to  the 

loveliest spota glen�察�or rather a vast crack in the mountains�察�so narrow 

that   there   was   no   room   for   anything   at   the   bottom   of   it�察  �save   a   torrent 

roaring between walls of polished rock。              High above the torrent the road 

was   cut   out   among   the   cliffs�察  �and   above   the   road   rose   more   cliffs�察  �with 

great black cavern mouths�察�hundreds of feet above our heads�察�out of each 

of which poured in foaming waterfalls streams large enough to turn a mill�察�

and above them mountains piled on mountains�察�all covered with woods of 

box�察�which smelt rich and hot and musky in the warm spring air。                    Among 

the box´trees and fallen boulders grew hepaticas�察�blue and white and red�察�

such as you see in the garden�察�and little stars of gentian�察�more azure than 

the   azure   sky。   But   out   of   the   box´woods   above   rose   giant   silver   firs�察�

clothing the cliffs and glens with tall black spires�察�till they stood out at last 

in a jagged saw´edge against the purple evening sky�察�along the mountain 

ranges�察�thousands of feet aloft�察�and beyond them again�察�at the head of the 

valley�察�rose vast cones of virgin snow�察�miles away in reality�察�but looking so 



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                                 MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY 



brilliant and   so near   that   one fancied   at the   first   moment that   one   could 

have     touched     them    with    one's   hand。     Snow´       white    they   stood�察   �the 

glorious     things�察  �seven    thousand      feet  into  the   air�察 �and   I  watched     their 

beautiful white sides turn rose´ colour in the evening sun�察�and when he set�察�

fade   into   dull   cold   gray�察  �till   the   bright   moon   came   out   to   light   them   up 

once more。 When I was tired of wondering and admiring�察�I went into bed�察�

and there I had a dreamsuch a dream as Alice had when she went into 

Wonderlandsuch a dream as I dare say you may have had ere now。 Some 

noise   or   stir   puts   into   your   fancy   as   you   sleep   a   whole   long   dream   to 

account for it�察�and yet that dream�察�which seems to you to be hours long�察�

has not taken up a second of time�察�for the very same noise which begins 

the dream�察�wakes you at the end of it�此�and so it was with me。                      I dreamed 

that some English people had come into the hotel where I was�察�and were 

sleeping   in   the   room   underneath   me�察  �and   that   they   had   quarrelled   and 

fought�察�and broke their bed down with a tremendous crash�察�and that I must 

get up�察�and stop the fight�察�and at that moment I woke and heard coming up 

the valley from the north such a roar as I never heard before or since�察�as if 

a hundred   railway trains   were rolling   underground�察�and   just as   it   passed 

under   my   bed   there   was   a   tremendous   thump�察  �and   I   jumped   out   of   bed 

quicker than I ever did in my life�察�and heard the roaring sound die away as 

it rolled up the valley towards the peaks of snow。                 Still I had in my head 

this   notion   of   the   Englishmen   fighting   in   the   room   below。       But   then   I 

recollected that   no   Englishmen   had   come   in   the night   before�察 �and   that   I 

had   been   in   the   room   below�察  �and   that   there   was   no   bed   in   it。 Then   I 

opened my  windowa   woman   screamed�察 �a   dog barked�察 �some   cocks   and 

hens cackled in a very disturbed humour�察�and then I could hear nothing but 

the   roaring   of   the   torrent   a   hundred   feet   below。     And   then   it   flashed 

across me what all the noise was about�察�and I burst out laughing and said 

;It is only an earthquake�察─�and went to bed 

     Next   morning   I   inquired   whether   any   one   had   heard   a   noise。        No�察�

nobody had heard anything。              And the driver who had brought me up the 

valley only winked�察 �but did not   choose to speak。                 At last   at breakfast   I 

asked the pretty little maid who waited what was the meaning of the noise 

I   heard   in   the   night�察  �and   she   answered�察  �to   my   intense   amusement�察   �Ah� �



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                                MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY 



bah�   �ce   n'etait   qu'un   tremblement   de   terre�察  �il   y   en   a   ici   toutes   les   six 

semaines。;       Now the secret was out。          The little maid�察�I found�察�came from 

the lowland   far   away�察  �and   did   not   mind   telling   the   truth�此 �but   the   good 

people of the place were afraid to let out that they had earthquakes every 

six weeks�察�for fear of frightening visitors away�此               �and because they were 

really very good people�察�and very kind to me�察�I shall not tell you what the 

name of the place is。 

     Of   course   after   that   I   could   do   no   less   than   ask   Madam   How�察  �very 

civilly�察  �how   she   made   earthquakes   in   that   particular   place�察  �hundreds   of 

miles   away   from   any   burning   mountain�拭          �And   this   was   the   answer   I 

THOUGHT she gave�察�though I am not so conceited as to say I am sure。 

     As I had come up the valley I had seen that the cliffs were all beautiful 

gray limestone marble�察�but just at this place they were replaced by granite�察�

such as you may see in London Bridge o

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