history of friedrich ii of prussia v 19-第32部分

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cally　speaking；　the　March　of　Fifty　Hours　ends　in　a　comfortable　twofold　meal　（military…cannibal；　as　well　as　of　common　culinary　meat）；　and　in　well…deserved　rest。〃　＇Tempelhof；　iii。　255；　256；　Seyfarth；　　Beylagen；　　&c。＇

The　turning…point　of　the　Campaign　is　reckoned　to　be　this　March　of　Henri's；　one　of　the　most　extraordinary　on　record。　Prince　Henri　had　a　very　fast　March　INTO　these　Silesian…Lausitz　Countries；　early　in　July；　＇Seyfarth；　ii。　545。＇　and　another　very　fast；　from　Bautzen；　to　intersect　with　Schmottseifen；　in　the　end　of　July：　but　these　were　as　nothing　compared　with　the　present。　Tempelhof；　the　excellent　solid　man；but　who　puts　all　things；　big　and　little；　on　the　same　level　of　detail；　and　has　unparalleled　methods　of　arranging　（what　he　reckons　to　be　〃arranging〃）；　and　no　vestige　of　index；is　distressingly　obscure　on　this　grand　Incident；　but　at　length；　on　compulsion；　does　yield　clear　account。　＇Tempelhof；　iii。　253…258。＇　In　Archenholtz　it　is　not　DATED　at　all；　who　merely　says　as　follows：　〃Most　extraordinary　march　ever　made；　went　through　50　miles　of　Country　wholly　in　the　Enemy's　possession；　lasted　56　hours；　in　which　long　period　there　was　no　camp　pitched；　and　only　twice　a　rest　of　three　hours　allowed　the　troops。　During　the　other　fifty　hours　the　march；　day　and　night；　continually　proceeded。　Ended　（NO　date）　in　surprise　of　General　Wehla　at　Hoyerswerda；　cutting　up　600　of　his　soldiers；　and　taking　1；800　prisoners。　Kalkreuth；　since　so　famous；〃　in　the　Anti…Napoleon　Wars；　〃was　the　Prince's　Adjutant。〃　＇Archenholtz；　i。　426。＇

This　is　probably　Prince　Henri's　cleverest　feat；though　he　did　a　great　many　of　clever；　and　his　Brother　used　to　say；　glancing　towards　him；　〃There　is　but　one　of　us　that　never　committed　a　mistake。〃　A　highly　ingenious　dexterous　little　man　in　affairs　of　War；　sharp　as　needles；　vehement　but　cautious；　though　of　abstruse　temper；　thin…　skinned；　capricious；　and　giving　his　Brother　a　great　deal　of　trouble　with　his　jealousies　and　shrewish　whims。　By　this　last　consummate　little　operation　he　has　astonished　Daun　as　much　as　anybody　ever　did；　shorn　his　elaborate　tissue　of　cunctations　into　ruin　and　collapse　at　one　stroke；　and　in　effect；　as　turns　out；　wrecked　his　campaign　for　this　Year。

Daun　finds　there　is　now　no　hope　of　Saxony；　unless　he　himself　at　once　proceed　thither。　At　once　thither；and　leave　Glogau　and　the　Russians　to　their　luck；which　in　such　case；　what　is　it　like　to　be？　Probably；　to　Daun's　own　view；　ominous　enough；　but　he　has　no　alternative。　To　this　pass　has　the　March　of　Fifty　Hours　brought　us。　There　is　such　a　thing　as　being　too　cunctatory；　is　not　there；　your　Excellency？　Every　mortal；　and　more　especially　every　Feldmarschall；　ought　to　strike　the　iron　while　it　is　hot。　The　remainder　of　this　Campaign；　we　will　hope；　can　be　made　intelligible　in　a　more　summary　manner。


FRIEDRICH　MANAGES　（September　24th…October　24th）　TO　GET　THE　RUSSIANS　SENT　HOME；　AND　HIMSELF　FALLS　LAMED　WITH　GOUT。

Friedrich's　manoeuvres　against　Soltikof；every　reader　is　prepared　to　hear　that　Soltikof　was　rendered　futile　by　them：　and　none　but　military　readers　could　take　delight　in　the　details。　Two　beautiful　short…cuts　he　made　upon　Soltikof；　pulled　him　up　both　times　in　mid　career；　as　with　hard　check…bit。　The　first　time　was　at　Zobelwitz：　September　24th；　Friedrich　cut　across　from　Sagan；　which　is　string　to　bow　of　the　Russian　march；　posted　himself　on　the　Heights　of　Zobelwitz；　of　Baunau；　Milkau　（at　Baunau　Friedrich　will　write　a　LETTER　this　night；　if　readers　bethink　themselves；　Milkau　is　a　place　he　may　remember　for　rain…deluges；　in　the　First　Silesian　War　＇Supra；　p。　323；　ib。　vol。　vii。　p。　311。＇）：　〃Let　the　Russians；　if　they　now　dare；　try　the　Pass　of　Neustadtel　here！〃　A　fortunate　hour；　when　he　got　upon　this　ground。　Quartermaster…General　Stoffel；　our　old　Custrin　acquaintance；　is　found　marking　out　a　Camp　with　a　view　to　that　Pass　of　Neustadtel；　＇Tempelhof；　iii。　293；　Retzow；　ii。　163。＇　is；　greatly　astonished　to　find　the　Prussian　Army　emerge　on　him　there；　and　at　once　vanishes；　with　his　Hussar…Cossack　retinues。　〃September　24th；〃　it　is　while　Prince　Henri　was　on　the　last　moiety　of　his　March　of　Fifty　Hours。　This　severe　twitch　flung　Soltikof　quite　out　from　Glogau；was　like　to　fling　him　home　altogether；　had　it　not　been　for　Montalembert's　eloquence；did　fling　him　across　the　Oder。　Where；　again　thanks　to　Montalembert；　he　was　circling　on　with　an　eye　to　Breslau；　when　Friedrich；　by　the　diameter；　suddenly　laid　bridges；　crossed　at　Koben；　and　again　brought　Soltikof　to　halt；　as　by　turnpike　suddenly　shut：　〃Must　pay　first；　must　beat　us　first！〃

These　things　had　raised　Friedrich's　spirits　not　a　little。　Getting　on　the　Heights　of　Zobelwitz；　he　was　heard　to　exclaim；　〃This　is　a　lucky　day；　worth　more　to　me　than　a　battle　with　victory。〃　＇Retzow；　ii。　163。＇　Astonishing　how　he　blazed　out　again；　quite　into　his　old　pride　and　effulgence；　after　this；　says　Retzow。　Had　been　so　meek；　so　humbled；　and　even　condescended　to　ask　advice　or　opinion　from　some　about　him。　Especially　〃from　two　Captains；〃　says　the　Opposition　Retzow；　whose　heads　were　nearly　turned　by　this　sunburst　from　on　high。　Captain　Marquart　and　another；I　believe；　he　did　employ　them　about　Routes　and　marking　of　Camps；　which　Retzow　calls　consulting：　a　King　fallen　tragically　scarce　of　persons　to　consult；　all　his　Winterfelds；　Schwerins；　Keiths　and　Council　of　Peers　now　vanished；　and　nothing　but　some　intelligent…looking　Captain　Marquart；　or　the　like；　to　consult：of　which　Retzow；　in　his　splenetic　Opposition　humor；　does　not　see　the　tragedy；　but　rather　the　comedy：　how　the　poor　Captains　found　their　favor　to　be　temporary；　conditional；　and　had　to　collapse　again。　One　of　them　wrote　an　〃ESSAY　on　the　COUP…D'OEIL　MILITAIRE；〃　over　which　Retzow　pretends　to　weep。　This　was　Friedrich's　marginal　Note　upon　the　MS。；　when　submitted　to　his　gracious　perusal：　〃You　（ER）　will　do　better　to　acquire　the　Art　of　marking　Camps　than　to　write　upon　the　Military　Stroke　of　Eye。〃　Beautifully　written　too；　says　Retzow；　but　what；　in　the　eyes　of　this　King；　is　beautiful　writing；　to　knowing　your　business　well？　No　friend　he　to　writing；　unless　you　have　got　something　really　special；　and　urgent　to　be　written。

Friedrich　crassed　the　Oder　twice。　Took　Soltikof　on　both　sides　of　the　Oder；　cut　him　out　of　this　fond　expectation；　then　of　that；　led　him；　we　perceive；　a　bad　life。　Latterly　the　scene　was　on　the　right　bank；　Sophienthal；　Koben；　Herrnstadt　and　other　poor　places；　on　that　big　eastern　elbow；　where　Oder　takes　his　final　bend；　or　farewell　of　Poland。　Ground；　naturally；　of　some　interest　to　Friedrich：　ground　to　us　unknown；　but　known　to　Friedrich　as　the　ground　where　Karl　XII。　gave　Schulenburg　his　beating；　＇〃Near　Guhrau〃　（while　chasing　August　the　Strong　and　him　out　of　Poland）；　〃12th　October；　1704：〃　vague　account　of　it；　dateless；　and　as　good　as　placeless；　in　Voltaire　（　Charles　Douse；　　liv。　iii。）；　　OEuvres；　　xxx。　142…145。＇　which　produced　the　〃beautiful　retreat〃　of　Schulenburg。　The　old　Feldmarschall　Schulenburg　whom　we　used　to　hear　of　once；whose　Nephew；　a　pipeclayed　little　gentleman；　was　well　known　to　Friedrich　and　us。

For　the　rest；　I　do　not　think　he　feels　this　out…manoeuvring　of　the　Russians　very　hard　work。　Already；　from　Zobelwitz　Country；　25th　September；　day　of　Henri　at　Hoyerswerda；　Friedrich　had　written　to　Fouquet：　〃With　21；000　your　beaten　and　maltreated　Servant　has　hindered　an　Army　of　50；000　from　attacking　him；　and　compelled　them　to　retire　on　Neusatz！〃　Evidently　much　risen　in　hope；　and　Henri's　fine　news　not　yet　come　to　hand。　By　degrees；　Soltikof；　rendered　futile；　got　very　angry；　especially　when　Daun　had　to　go　for　Saxony。　〃Meal　was　becoming　impossible；　at　any　rate；〃　whimpers　Daun：　〃O　Excellency；　do　but　consider；　with　the　nobleness　natural　to　you！　Our　Court　will　cheerfully　furnish　money；　instead　of　meal。〃〃Money？　My　people　cannot　eat　money！〃　growled　Soltikof；　getting　more　and　more　angry；　threatening　daily　to　march　for　Posen　and　his　own　meal…　stores。　What　a　time　of　it　has　Montalembert；　has　the　melancholy　Loudon；　with　temper　so　hot！

At　Sophienthal；　October　10th；　Friedrich　falls　ill　of　gout；　absolutely　lamed；　for　three　weeks　cannot　stir　from　his　room。　Happily　the　outer　problem　is　becoming　easier　and　easier；　almost　bringing　its　own　solution。　At　Sophienthal　the　lame　Friedrich　takes　to　writing　about　CHARLES　XII。　AND　HIS　MILITARY　CHARACTER；　not　a　very　illuminative　Piece；　on　the　first　perusal；　but　I　intend　to　read　it　again；　＇REFLEXIONS　SUR　LES　TALENS　MILITAIRES　ET　SUR　LE　CARACTERE　DE　CHARLES　XII。　（　OEuvres　de　Frederic；　　vii。　69…88）。＇which　at　least　helps　him　to　pass　the　time。　Soltikof；　more　and　more　straitened；　meal　itself　running　low；　gets　angrier　and　angrier。　His　treatment　of　the　Country；　Montalembert　rather　encouraging；　is　described　as　〃horrible。〃　One　day　he　takes　the　whim；　whim　or　little　more；　of　seizing　Herrnstadt；　a　small　Town；　between　the　Two　Armies；　where　the　Prussians　have　a　Free　Battalion。　The　Prussian　Battalion　resists；　drives　Soltikof's　people　back。　〃Never　mind；〃　think　they：　〃a　place　of　no　importance　to　us；　and　Excellency　Soltikof　has　ridden　else…whither。〃　By　ill…luck；　in　the　afternoon；　Excellency　Soltikof　happened　to　mention　the　place　again。　Hearing　that　the　Prussians　still　have　it；　Soltikof　mounts　into　a　rage；　summons　the　place；　with　answer　still　No；　thereupon　orders　instant　bombardment　of　it；　fiery　storms　of　grenadoes　for　it；　and　has　the　satisfaction　of　utterly　burning　poor　Herrnstadt；　the　Prussian　Free…Corps　still　continuing　obstinate。　It　was　Soltikof's　last　act　in　those　parts；　and　betokens　a　sulphurous　state　of　humor。

Next　morning　（October　24th）；　he　took　the　road　for　Posen；　and　marched　bodily　home。　＇Tempelhof；　iii。　299；　291…300　（general　account；　abundantly　minute）。＇　Home　verily；　in　spite　of　Montalembert　and　all　men。　〃And　for　me；　what　orders　has　Excellency？〃　Loudon　had　anxiously　inquired；　on　the　eve　of　that　event。　〃None　whatever！〃　answered　Excellency：　〃Do　your　own　pleasure；　go　whithersoever　seems　good　to　you。〃　And　Loudon　had　to　take　a　wide　sweep　round；　by　Kalish；　through　the　western　parts　of　Poland；　and　get　home　to　the　Troppau…　Teschen　Country　as　he　best　could。

By　Kalish；　by　Czenstochow；　Cracow；　poor　Loudon　had　to　go：　a　dismal　march　of　300　miles　or　more；waited　on　latterly　by　Fouquet；　with　Werner；　Goltz　and　others；　on　the　Silesian　Border；　whom　Friedrich　h