history of friedrich ii of prussia v 19-第35部分

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hem　go。　Slow…paced　Lords　in　Office　have　remonstrated；　on　more　than　one　occasion：　〃Impossible；　Sir；　these　things　cannot　be　got　ready　at　the　time　you　order！〃　〃My　Lord；　they　indispensably　must；〃　Pitt　would　answer　（a　man　always　reverent　of　coming　facts；　knowing　how　inexorable　they　are）；　and　if　the　Negative　continued　obstinate　in　argument；　he　has　been　known　to　add：　〃My　Lord；　to　the　King's　service；　it　is　a　fixed　necessity　of　time。　Unless　the　time　is　kept；　I　will　impeach　your　Lordship！〃　Your　Lordship's　head　will　come　to　lie　at　your　Lordship's　feet！　Figure　a　poor　Duke　of　Newcastle；　listening　to　such　a　thing；and　knowing　that　Pitt　will　do　it；　and　that　he　can；　such　is　his　favor　with　universal　England；and　trembling　and　obeying。　War…requisites　for　land　and　for　sea　are　got　ready　with　a　Prussian　punctuality；　at　what　multiple　of　the　Prussian　expense；　is　a　smaller　question　for　Pitt。

It　is　about　eighteen　months　ago　that　Pownal；　Governor　of　New　England；　a　kind　of　half…military　person；　not　without　sound　sense；　though　sadly　intricate　of　utterance；of　whom　Pitt；　just　entering　on　Office；　has；　I　suppose；　asked　an　opinion　on　America；　as　men　do　of　Learned　Counsel　on　an　impending　Lawsuit　of　magnitude；had　answered；　in　his　long…winded；　intertwisted；　nearly　inextricable　way；　to　the　effect；　〃Sir；　I　incline　to　fear；　on　the　whole；　that　the　Action　will　NOT　lie；that；　on　the　whole；　the　French　will　eat　America　from　us　in　spite　of　our　teeth。〃　＇In　THACKERAY；　ii。　421…452；　Pownal's　intricate　REPORT　（his　〃DISCOURSE；〃　or　whatever　he　calls　it；　〃ON　THE　DEFENCE　OF　THE　INLAND　FRONTIERS；〃　his　&c。　&c。）；　of　date　〃15th　January；　1758。〃＇　January　15th；　1758；　that　is　the　Pownal　Opinion…of…Counsel；and　on　September　13th；　1759；　this　is　what　we　have　practically　come　to。　And　on　September　7th；　1760：　within　　twelve　months　more；Amherst；　descending　the　Rapids　from　Ticonderoga　side；　and　two　other　little　Armies；　ascending　from　Quebec　and　Louisburg；　to　meet　him　at　Montreal；　have　proved　punctual　almost　to　an　hour；　and　are　in　condition　to　extinguish；　by　triple　pressure　（or　what　we　call　noosing）；　the　French　Governor…General　in　Montreal；　a　Monsieur　de　Vaudreuil；　and　his　Montreal　and　his　Canada　altogether；　and　send　the　French　bodily　home　out　of　those　Continents。　＇Capitulation　between　Amherst　and　Vaudreuil　（〃Montreal；　8th　September；　1760〃）；　in　55　Articles：　in　BEATSON；　iii。　274…283。＇　Which　may　dispense　us　from　speaking　farther　on　the　subject。

From　the　Madras　region；　too；　from　India　and　outrageous　Lally；　the　news　are　good。　Early　in　Spring　last；　poor　Lally；a　man　of　endless　talent　and　courage；　but　of　dreadfully　emphatic　loose　tongue；　in　fact　of　a　blazing　ungoverned　Irish　turn　of　mind；had　instantly；　on　sight　of　some　small　Succors　from　Pitt；　to　raise　his　siege　of　Madras；　retire　to　Pondicherry；　and；　in　fact；　go　plunging　and　tumbling　downhill；　he　and　his　India　with　him；　at　an　ever…faster　rate；　till　they　also　had　got　to　the　Abyss。　〃My　policy　is　in　these　five　words；　NO　ENGLISHMAN　IN　THIS　PENINSULA；〃　wrote　he；　a　year　ago；　on　landing　in　India；　and　now　it　is　to　be　No　FRENCHMAN；　and　there　is　one　word　in　the　five　to　be　altered！Of　poor　Lally；　zealous　and　furious　over…much；　and　nearly　the　most　unfortunate　and　worst…used　〃man　of　genius〃　I　ever　read　of；　whose　lion…like　struggles　against　French　Official　people；　and　against　Pitt's　Captains　and　their　sea…　fights　and　siegings；　would　deserve　a　volume　to　themselves；　we　have　said；　and　can　here　say；　as　good　as　nothing；except　that　they　all　ended；　for　Lally　and　French　India；　in　total　surrender；　16th　January；　1761；　and　that　Lally；　some　years　afterwards；　for　toils　undergone　and　for　services　done；　got；　when　accounts　came　to　be　liquidated；　death　on　the　scaffold。　Dates　I　give　below。　＇28th　April；　1758；　Lands　at　Pondicherry；　instantly　proceeds　upon　Fort　St。　David。　2d　June；　1758；　Takes　it：　meant　to　have　gone　now　on　Madras；　but　finds　he　has　no　money；goes　extorting　money　from　Black　Potentates　about；　Rajah　of　Travancore；　&c。；　in　a　violent　and　extraordinary　style；　and　can　get　little。　Nevertheless；　14th　December；　1758；　Lays　Siege　to　Madras。

16th　February；　1759；　Is　obliged　to　quit　trenches　at　Madras；　and　retire　dismally　upon　Pondicherry；to　mere　indigence；　mutiny　（〃ten　mutinies〃）；　Official　conspiracy；　and　chaos　come　again。

22d　January；　1760；　Makes　outrush　on　Wandewash；　and　the　English　posted　there；　is　beaten；　driven　back　into　Pondicherry。　April；　1760；　Is　besieged　in　Pondicherry。　16th　January；　1761；　Is　taken；　Pondicherry；　French　India　and　he；to　Madras　he；　lest　the　French　Official　party　kill　him；　as　they　attempt　to　do。

23d　September；　1761；　arrives；　prisoner；　in　England：　thence；　on　parole；　to　France　and　Paris；　21st　October。　November；　1762；　To　Bastille；　waits　trial　nineteen　months；　trial　lasts　two　years。　6th　May；　1766；　To　be　BEHEADED；9th　May　was。　See　BEATSON；　ii。　369…372；　96…110；　&c。；　Voltaire　（FRAGMENTS　SUR　L'INDE）　in　　OEuvres；　　xxix。　183…253；　BIOGRAPHIC　UNIVERSELLE；　　Lally。＇

〃Gained　Fontenoy　for　us；〃　said　many　persons；undoubtedly　gained　various　things　for　us；　fought　for　us　Berserkir…like　on　all　occasions；　hoped；　in　the　end；　to　be　Marechal　de　France；　and　undertook　a　Championship　of　India；　which　issues　in　this　way！　America　and　India；　it　is　written；　are　both　to　be　Pitt's。　Let　both；　if　possible；　remain　silent　to　us　henceforth。

As　to　the　Invasion…of…England　Scheme；　Pitt　says　he　does　not　expect　the　French　will　invade　us；　but　if　they　do；　he　is　ready。　＇Speech；　4th　November；　supra。＇　


Chapter　VII。

FRIEDRICH　REAPPEARS　ON　THE　FIELD；　AND　IN　SEVEN　DAYS　AFTER　COMES　THE　CATASTROPHE　OF　MAXEN。

November　6th…8th；　Daun　had　gone　to　Meissen　Country：　fairly　ebbing　homeward；　Henri　following；　with　Hulsen　joined；not　vehemently　attacking　the　rhinoceros；　but　judiciously　pricking　him　forward。　Daun　goes　at　his　slowest　step：　in　many　divisions；　covering　a　wide　circuit；　sticking　to　all　the　strong　posts；　till　his　own　time　for　quitting　them：　slow；　sullenly　cautious；　like　a　man　descending　dangerous　precipices　back　foremost；　and　will　not　be　hurried。　So　it　had　lasted　about　a　week；　Daun　for　the　last　four　days　sitting　restive；　obstinate；　but　Henri　pricking　into　him　more　and　more；　till　the　rhinoceros　seemed　actually　about　lifting　himself；when　Friedrich　in　person　arrived　in　his　Brother's　Camp。　＇Tempelhof；　iii。　301…305。＇

At　the　Schloss　of　Herschstein；　a　mile　or　two　behind　Lommatsch；　which　is　Henri's　head…quarter　（still　to　westward　of　Meissen；　Daun　hanging　on；　seven　or　eight　miles　to　southeastward　ahead；　loath　to　go；　but　actually　obliged）；it　was　there；　Tuesday；　November　13th；　that　the　King　met　his　Brother　again。　A　King　free　of　his　gout；　in　joyful　spirits；　and　high　of　humor；like　a　man　risen　indignant；　once　more　got　to　his　feet；　after　three　months'　oppressions　and　miseries　from　the　unworthy。　〃Too　high；〃　mourns　Retzow；　in　a　gloomy　tone；　as　others　do　in　perhaps　a　more　indulgent　one。　Beyond　doubt；　Friedrich's　farther　procedures　in　this　grave　and　weighty　Daun　business　were　more　or　less　imprudent；　of　a　too　rapid　and　rash　nature；　and　turned　out　bitterly　unlucky　to　him。　〃Had　he　left　the　management　to　Henri！〃　sighed　everybody；　after　the　unlucky　event。

Friedrich　had　not　arrived　above　four…and…twenty　hours；　when　news　came　in：　〃The　Austrians　in　movement　again；　actually　rolling　off　Dresden…ward　again。〃　〃Haha；　do　they　smell　me　already！〃　laughed　he：　〃Well；　I　will　send　Daun　to　the　Devil；〃not　adding；　〃if　I　can。〃　And　instantly　ordered　sharp　pursuit；and　sheer　stabbing　with　the　ox…goad；　not　soft　and　delicate　pricking；　as　Henri's　lately。　＇Retzow；　ii。　168；　Tempelhof；　iii。　306。＇　Friedrich；　in　fact；　was　in　a　fiery　condition　against　Daun：　〃You　trampled　on　me；　you　heavy　buffalo；　these　three　months；　but　that　is　over　now！〃and　took　personally　the　vanguard　in　this　pursuit。　And　had　a　bit　of　hot　fighting　in　the　Village　of　Korbitz　（scene　of　that　Finck…Haddick　〃Action；〃　21st　September　last；　and　of　poor　Haddick's　ruin；　and　retirement　to　the　Waters）；where　the　Austrians　now　prove　very　fierce　and　obstinate；　and　will　not　go；　till　well　slashed　into；　and　torn　out　by　sheer　beating：which　was　visibly　a　kind　of　comfort　to　the　King's　humor。　〃Our　Prussians　do　still　fight；　then；　much　as　formerly！　And　it　was　all　a　hideous　Nightmare；　all　that；　and　Daylight　and　Fact　are　come；　and　Friedrich　is　himself　again！〃

They　say　Prince　Henri　took　the　liberty　of　counselling　him；　even　of　entreating　him：　〃Leave　well　alone；　why　run　risks？〃　said　Henri。　Daun；　it　was　pretty　apparent；　had　no　outlook　at　the　present　but　that　of　sauntering　home　to　Bohmen；　leaving　Dresden　to　be　an　easy　prey　again；　and　his　whole　Campaign　to　fall　futile；　as　the　last　had。　Under　Henri's　gentle　driving　he　would　have　gone　slower；　but　how　salutary；　if　he　only　went！　These　were　Henri's　views：　but　Friedrich　was　not　in　the　slow　humor；　impatient　to　be　in　Dresden；　〃will　be　quartered　there　in　a　week；〃　writes　he；　〃and　more　at　leisure　than　now。〃　＇〃Wilsdruf；　17th　November；　1759；〃　and　still　more　〃19th　November；〃　Friedrich　to　Voltaire。　in　high　spirits　that　way　（　OEuvres　de　Frederic；　　xxiii。　66）。＇　He　is　thinking　of　Leuthen；　of　Rossbach；　of　Campaign　1757；　so　gloriously　restored　after　ruin；　and；　in　the　fire　of　his　soul；　is　hoping　to　do　something　similar　a　second　time。　That　is　Retzow's　notion：　who　knows　but　there　may　be　truth　in　it？　A　proud　Friedrich；　got　on　his　feet　again　after　such　usage；nay；　who　knows　whether　it　was　quite　so　unwise　to　be　impressive　on　the　slow　rhinoceros；　and　try　to　fix　some　thorn　in　his　snout；　or　say　（figuratively）；　to　hobble　his　hind…feet；　which；　I　am　told；　would　have　been　beautifully　ruinous；　and；　though　riskish；　was　not　impossible？　＇Tempelhof；　iii。　311；　&c。＇　Ill　it　indisputably　turned　out；　and　we　have；　with　brevity；　to　say　how；　and　leave　readers　to　their　judgment　of　it。

It　was　in　the　Village　of　Krogis；　about　six　miles　forward；　on　the　Meissen…Freyberg　road；　a　mile　or　two　on　from　Korbitz；　and　directly　after　the　fierce　little　tussle　in　that　Village；that　Friedrich；　his　blood　still　up；　gave　the　Order　for　Maxen；　which　proved　so　unlucky　to　him。　Wunsch　had　been　shot　off　in　pursuit　of　the　beaten　Austrians；　but　they　ran　too　fast；　and　Wunsch　came　back　without　farther　result；　still　early　in　the　day。　Back　as　far　as　Krogis；　where　the　next　head…quarter　is　to　be；and　finds　the　King　still　in　a　fulminant　condition；　none　the　milder；　it　is　likely；　by　Wunsch's　returning　without　resu