5202-考研英语考前30天狂背作文-第7部分
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点评：
这篇文章的布局相当简单，共分三段。第一段描述图画。第二段阐释含义，也就是说明其中蕴涵的深刻道理。第三段下结论。
第一段非常简洁。第二段共有六句话，第一句话一针见血，非常关键。第二句是类推，颇具哲理。第三句和第四句说我们在向着目标奋进的过程中常常失去了宝贵的东西，如健康、朋友。第五句话说有些人慨叹命运的不公。第六句话说当青春失去时，世界将变得冰冷无望。第三段是结语，共分三句话。首先说世上许多最好的东西实际上就在我们手中；然后说理解到这点是不容易的，而做到就更不容易了；最后说如果我们意识到了青春、健康和朋友的价值，我们就是最幸福的人了。
心得：
看到这副图画，关键是建立表面的含义和隐藏深刻的含义之间的联系。“井干方知水可贵”可推衍至人生中可贵的东西，如青春、健康和友情等。如果平时多思考、多写作，考试时即使遇到不同的题目，也能快速反应，找到正确的应对方法。
这篇文章的重要特点就是列举，将具体图画与抽象的人生中可贵的东西建立类比联系之后，一定要举出具体的有代表性的这类可贵的事物。第二段分两个方面来说，先说了健康与朋友，后说了青春。第三段中一定要与第二段中直接呼应，将这三者再列举一次才能取得理想的效果。
Direction 23
Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should：
1。 describe the picture；
2。 interpret the meaning of the picture；
3。 make your ments。
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2。
审题：
这道题的出题方式我们已遇到多次了，是“描述图画＋阐释含义＋作出评论”的模式，这种模式在写作中的灵活程度比较大。
Sample：
In the picture； a young man asks an old man； “What can be got without pains in this world？” The old man replies； “There is only one thing： poverty。”
Looking at the drawing； I think a lot。 It tells us that we have to make strenuous efforts whenever we want to be successful in a particular field。 How can a person achieve his ultimate goal without longtime practices and continuous attempts？
A good case in point is mountaineering。 Nobody is born a good mountain climber； and one can only bee a skilled one after countless injuries。 The scenery at the mountaintop is fantastic； but the road to the summit is always rough and full of hardships and dangers。 Isn’t scientific research the same？ Countless sleepless nights； thousands of failures and even more—all of these are part of a scientist’s life。 Only a few of them can make great scientific breakthroughs； and all of these people are the most persevering。
On the contrary； if a person is determined to live an idle life； and wait for God to put something in his hands； then that thing should and could only be poverty。 If a person has neither ideal nor the determination to live better and let others live better； his existence is not meaningful at all。
点评：
这篇文章共分四段：首段是描述图画；次段是总结寓意；第三段是举例说明；第四段是下结论。该文最引人注目之处是第三个段落，整段举了两个例子。我们在多年的考研阅卷中发现，大多数同学的举例是不成功的。举例子要具备两个条件才能成功，一是典型——既要紧扣主题，又要具有代表性，能够震撼人心，切忌不痛不痒；二是精练——用简洁的话语表达深刻的意义，切忌拖泥带水。本文第三段在这点上很值得学习。
文章第一段非常简洁。第二段的首句是过渡性的句子，次句直接对图画的意义做出总结——无论我们想在哪个领域获得成功，都必须付出艰辛的努力。接着采用了语气非常强烈的反问句——没有长时间的实践和不断的努力，一个人又怎能实现最终的目标？第三段包括了两个例子，一个是登山，一个是科学研究。第四段是结尾段落，首先与第三段是相对的，其次又呼应了文章的首段，非常精妙。该段共有两句话，第一句话说如果一个人下定决心要过闲散的生活，等着上天在他手中放上某样东西，那么这样东西就只能是贫穷。第二句话进一步说，如果一个人既没有理想也没有决心让自己和别人过得更好，那么他的存在就失去了意义。第二句话与第一句采用了同样的句式，语气却更加强烈，给人留下了很深刻的印象。该段第一句话中的should and could be。。。是一个高级用法，意思是“将会是而且只能是”。
心得：
我们重点来看一下举例的段落，即第三段。该段共有六句话。第一句话引出了登山。第二句话是一个经典句子，没有人生来就是一个好的登山者，一个人只有在无数伤痛后才能成长起来——该句的内在逻辑联系非常强。第三句话说山顶的风光绮丽，但通往顶点的路却充满艰辛（句中有平行名词的用法）。第四句话采用反问句巧妙过渡到科学研究上来。第五句先用平行的名词词组，而后在破折号后写道“所有这些都是科学家生活的一部分”相当独特。注意句中part一定不要加冠词。最后一句写道，他们中只有一小部分人能取得重大的科学突破，而这些人又都是最坚忍之人。
请大家仔细学习这一段落。一是该段的构建方法，看句子与句子是怎样有机结合，层层推进，构成一个理想的段落的。二是学习本段的举例方法。例子是用来说明道理的，如果能说到点子上，说得透彻，就一定能服人。
Direction 24
Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should：
1。 describe the picture；
2。 interpret the meaning of the picture；
3。 make your ments。
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2。
审题：
《踢皮球》图画题最常见的有两种情况，一是写世间的哲理，一是写常见的社会现象或社会问题，这里是后一种情形。简单的图画，深刻的寓意——这是当前图画题最主要的趋势之一。
拿到这个题目后，我们认为它和其它的一些题目反映的情况不尽相同——随着市场经济的发展，顾客被生产者和销售商推来搡去的现象已大有改观，所以我们可以这样来安排全文——首段描述图画，次段以自身感受为基础，描述过去的这种情形，第三段写现在已经大为改善的情况，末段下结论。
Sample：
The picture describes a match of kicking the ball： the person on the left has just kicked the ball toward the person on the right； who has already been ready to kick the ball back。 A close examination will help us find out that this is a match between the producer and the seller—both of them refuse to take on the responsibility whenever the customer reports a problem。
We can’t forget those days in the past when we went shopping。 The shop assistant was so cold and indifferent that we usually had to wait for long。 We often had no right of paring and selecting。 Later when we found there was something wrong with the product； the chance of getting it exchanged was slim； not to mention returning it to the shop。 The shop always said the producer was to blame； and if we went to the producer directly； the latter would say that it was not mon practice for a customer to contact the producer。 Even if we finally succeeded in exchanging the product； it always took too much time and wasted too much energy。
In the present environment of market economy； we are happy to see that the situation in our nation has improved significantly。 When a customer is not satisfied with a product； he is entitled to return it to the store and get refunded during a certain period of time。 If that time limit has passed； the customer still has the right to get the product exchanged。
In this era of fast economic development； both the producer and the seller should first cater to the needs of the customer。 Anyone who fails to do so will be driven out of the market sooner or later。
点评：
首段先写看到一场足球比赛，而后仔细一看，原来是生产者和销售商在产品质量出现问题时将消费者推来搡去。
第二段用六句话描述我们曾经有过的痛苦的经历。第一句话是个引子。第二、三句描写购物时不愉快的经历。第四句说发现质量问题后，要换非常麻烦，更用不着说是退了。第五句话生动地再现了销售者和生产商都拒绝负责的情形。末句说即使最后商品得以调换，也花费了大量的时间和精力——话语中充满了无奈。
第三段说现在的情况已大幅改善。顾客有权在一段时间内退货，如果期限已过，也可以换货。段中be entitled to表示“有权利做某事”，refund表示“退款”。
末段总结。第一句说在这个经济快速发展的时期，生产商和销售商都应把顾客的需求放在首位。第二句反过来说，任何做不到的人都迟早会被市场淘汰。
心得：
首段由远及近的写法非常有效。第二段以时间为线索，描述了过去不愉快的经历。这一段以时间为线索，所以即使句子较多，也丝毫不显得凌乱。第三段说明了现在的情形，与第二段形成鲜明的对比。末段正说加反说的办法很有说服力。
Direction 25
Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should：
1。 describe the picture；
2。 interpret the meaning of the picture；
3。 make your ments。
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2。
审题：
该图画描写的是一个敏感的社会问题——平价药店受到各方遏制的现象。这篇文章的难度比较高。在描述图画后，可分三段来写：先写药价偏高的现象，再写平价药店的崛起及受到的压制，最后写解决办法。
Sample：
We can see from the picture that several people are condemning a person so violently that it seems that some of them even want to beat him hard。 The person has crouched down； with virtually no possibility of striking back。 After looking at the picture carefully； we realize that the lowprice drugstore has evoked anger and even hatred in many drug factories； various dealers； traditional drugstores and hospitals。
As we all know； the price of drugs in our nation has been too high for quite a long time。 After drugs are produced in factories； they go first to the chief dealer； then the subsidiary dealer； and then finally to the hospitals and drugstores。 Such a traditional mode of drug circulation drove the total medical expenses higher； putting a heavy burden on urban and rural residents alike。
The rise of lowprice drugstores changes the situation pletely。 When drugs succeed in flowing to such drugstores immediately after production； the cost of management bees much lower； thus selling drugs at a much lower and reasonable price also bees possible。 But such operation irritates many parties who feel that their interests have been hurt in the process。 Among them are dealers； traditional drugstores； hospitals and even some factories。 When all of them bine to oppose the newers； the existence of these new drugstores is at risk。
I believe that the government should endeavor first to foster such drugstores and then to reform the drug circulation and the medical system as a whole。 When we give priority to the interests of the mon people； the making of a harmonious society will not be difficult。
点评：
该文共分四段。第一段还是采用先描写图画表层表现的打斗场面，而后再进一步引出本文的主题——新生的平价药店受到�
