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及7何蛍

the proposed territory of arizona(冉稗 椎議圓協舟順)-及7何蛍


梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




stopping place   for   all   travel   across the   country。  Here   are   transhipped   all 

the ores coming from the Territory�察�which find their way to market down 

the Colorado to the Gulf of California�察�thence by steamer or sailing vessel 

to their destination。 Here all supplies of merchandise for the Territory are 

landed�察�and from this point forwarded to their various owners。 A thriving 

commerce has already sprung up between Arizona and San Francisco。 In 

almost any daily  paper in San   Francisco may be   seen vessels   advertised 

for the mouth of the Colorado。 Two steamers find active employment in 

transporting government stores from the head of the Gulf of California to 

Fort Yuma�察�and goods to Colorado city for the merchants of Tueson�察�Tubac�察�

Calabazas�察 �and   for  the   mining   companies。   Should the   exploration of   the 



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                 MEMOIR OF THE PROPOSED TERRITORY OF ARIZONA。 



Upper Colorado by Lieutenant Ives�察�United States Army�察�now in progress�察�

prove successful�察�Colorado city will become still more important�察�as   the 

surplus products of the rich valleys of New Mexico�察�Utah�察�and California 

to the north�察�will all find a market down the Colorado。 Property in this new 

city   is   held   at   high   rates�察  �and   by   the   last   San   Francisco   News   Letter   is 

quoted     at  an   advance。    The    population     of  Arizona     Territory   has   much 

increased      within    a  few    months     by   emigration      from    California。    The 

massacre of Henry A。 Crabbe and his party by the Mexicans at Cavorca 

created   a   desire   for   revenge   throughout   all   California。   Companies   have 

been formed�察�and large parties are settling in Arizona�察�near the   Mexican 

line�察  �with   the   ulterior   object   of   overrunning   Sonora�察  �and   revenging   the 

tragedy   in   which   was   shed   some   of      the   best   blood   of   the   State。   The 

appropriation by the last Congress of two hundred thousand dollars for the 

construction of a wagon road from El Paso to Fort Yuma�察�and the two mail 

contracts�察  �semi´monthly  and   semi´weekly�察  �which   involve   an   expenditure 

of nine hundred thousand dollars per annum�察�will afford employment to a 

host of people�察�and draw at once to the neighborhood of the route an active 

and   energetic   population。   The   new   wagon   and   mail   route   traverses   the 

Territory of Arizona throughout its entire length。 Along the mail route�察�at 

intervals�察   �military    posts   will   be  established。     These    and   the   necessary 

grazing stations will create points around which settlements will at once 

grow     up�察  �and   the   country�察   �now    bare�察  �will  show     everywhere      thriving 

villages。 The Southern Pacific Railroad�察�which will be built because it is 

necessary to the country�察�will find its way easily through Arizona。 

     It is   no   exaggeration to say  that the  mining   companies�察�in   their  own 

interest�察�will be forced to subscribe enough to the stock of the company to 

insure its success。 The Arizona  Copper  Mining Company  is   now  paying 

100 per ton for the transportation of its ores from the mines to Colorado 

city。 One year's freight money at this rate would build many miles of the 

road。 The silver mining companies will be only too glad to get their ores to 

market   at   so   cheap   a   rate�察  �as   their   proportion   of   the   subscription   to   the 

railroad。    Iron    and   coal   are   both   found     in  the   Territory��the    former 

especially in great abundance。 Texas has guaranteed the road to El Paso�察�

by her generous legislation�察�Arizona will build it�察�with her mineral wealth�察�



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                 MEMOIR OF THE PROPOSED TERRITORY OF ARIZONA。 



to Fort Yuma�察�the eastern boundary of California�察�and California will do 

the rest。 The first terminus of the Southern Pacific Railroad will doubt less 

be on the Gulf of California�察�at the Island of Tiburon�察�or more probably 

Guyamas。       A   steam    ferry   across   the   Gulf�察  �a  short   railroad   across    the 

peninsula of Lower California to a secure harbor on the Pacific�察。�where a 

steamer will take passengers and freight in four days to San Francisco�撮� is 

the   most   natural   course   of this   route。   In   view of   this   probability�察  �all   the 

available   points   for   such   a   terminus   on   the   Gulf   have   been�察  �or   are   in 

progress of being�察�secured by capitalists�察�either by obtaining grants from 

the    Mexican      Government�察      �or   by   purchase     from    private    individuals。 

Already      Guyamas      is  owned      in  great   part   by   English    and   American 

capitalists。 A  port   on   the   Gulf   of   California   is   necessary   to   our   Pacific 

possessions�察�and must be ours sooner or later。 The longer it is delayed�察�the 

worse for American progress on the Pacific。 Arizona needs it at once�察�as a 

depot for the export of her ores�察�and for the import of goods for the supply 

of her population。 

     The   Mormon   war   has   closed   for   years   the   great   emigrant   road   to 

California and Oregon�察�over the South Pass and Salt Lake valley�察�leaving 

open   only   the   route   along   the   32d   parallel   of   latitude�察  �through Arizona。 

This route is by far the most practicable at all seasons of the year�察�and the 

closing of the South Pass route by the Mormon difficulty is an additional 

and   urgent   argument   in   favor   of   the   early   organization   of   this   Territory。 

Fifty thousand souls will move towards the Pacific early in the spring�察�if 

the route is opened to a secure passage。 

     The present condition of Arizona Territory is deplorable in the extreme。 

Throughout       the   whole    country   there    is  no  redress    for  crimes    or  civil 

injuries´�no courts�察�no law�察�no magistrates。 The Territory of New Mexico�察�

to which it is attached by an act of Congress�察�affords it neither protection 

nor sustenance。 The following extracts from letters received by the writer 

tell the story of the necessity for early action on the part of Congress�察�in 

urgent terms。 

       TUBAC�察�GADSDEN PURCHASE�察�August 15�察�1857。 

     Affairs in the Territory have not improved。 A party of Americans ��our 

countrymen��   had   made   an   ;excursion;   into   Sonora�察  �captured   a   train   of 



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                 MEMOIR OF THE PROPOSED TERRITORY OF ARIZONA。 



mules�察�and killed several Mexicans。 Upon their return to the Territory with 

their ill´gotten booty�察�the citizens formed a company and took the property 

away from them�察�and returned it to the owners in Magdalena�察。�a town of 

Sonora��Ed。�А�and delivered the robbers up to Major Steen�察�commanding 

first   dragoons�察  �to   be   held   in   custody   until   Courts   should   be   organized。 

They   have   again   been   turned   loose   upon   the   community。   In   justice   to 

Major Fitzgerald I must say he was in favor of retaining them in custody�察�

and has generally maintained favoring law and order in the Territory�察�but 

as he is only second in command he has no absolute authority。 

     We have no remedy but to follow the example so wide spread in the 

Union�察  �and   form   a   ;Vigilance   Committee;contrary   to   all   good   morals�察�

law�察�order�察�and society。 Can you do nothing to induce the government to 

establish     authority    and   law    in  this  country�察   �and    avert   this  unhappy 

alternative�拭�

     It  is  not   desired   by   any   good    citizens�察  �and   tends   to  anarchy    and 

mobocracy�察      �causing     disloyalty    in  our   own    citizens   and    bringing    the 

reproach of foreigners upon our republican institutions。 It is impossible to 

progress   in   developing   the   resources   of   the   country   under   this   state   of 

affairs。   The   greatest   objection   the   capitalists   of   San   Francisco   have   to 

aiding me in the development of silver mines�察�is the insecurity of property�察�

want     of  protection    from   government�察      �and   general    distrust  of  fair  and 

honest legislation。 

     They     have    no   confidence     that  the   guarantees     of  the   GADSDEN 

TREATY  will   be   respected by  the   United   States�察�in   regard to land   titles 

under the Mexican government。 

     The   silver   ore   brought   to   San   Francisco   from   our   mines�察  �has   been 

tested   by   a   dozen   different   officers�察  �in   as   many   different   ways�察  �and   no 

result falls BELOW FIVE THOUSAND DOLLARS PER TON OF ORE。 

     Senator   Gwin   goes on   to Washington   soon�察  �and   will   corroborate   my 

statements。 He has a piece of the silver�察�the first smelted in San Francisco�察�

showing      8��735     20EIGHT       THOUSAND           SEVEN      HUNDRED          AND 

THIRTY´FIVE   20´100   DOLLARS   PER   TON   OF   ORE。   Mr。   Dunbar   is 

getting the petition to Congress signedand moving in the affairs of the 

Territory     in  connection     with    Mr。   Ehrenberg     and    our   friendsbut    the 



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                 MEMOIR OF THE PROPOSED TERRITORY OF ARIZONA。 



government   came   near   ;crushing   us   out;   by   sending   a   Custom   House 

Collector     to  consume      and   destroy   what     little  we   had   saved   from    the 

Apaches。   Can   nothing   be   done   to   rid   us   of   a   Custom   House�拭  �It   is   no 

protection。 The Territory ��as yet�� produces nothing but mineralsand we 

have to pay duty upon every article of consumption。 This is a very onerous 

tax upon our first feeble efforts to develop the resources of this remote and 

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