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the zincali-及60何蛍

弌傍�� the zincali 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
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hindity mush�察。�110�� as you well know。  I suppose you have not 



forgot how�察�fifteen years ago�察�when you made horse´shoes in the 



little dingle by the side of the great north road�察�I lent you fifty 



cottors ��111�� to purchase the wonderful trotting cob of the 



innkeeper with the green Newmarket coat�察�which three days after you 



sold for two hundred。







'Well�察�brother�察�if you had wanted the two hundred�察�instead of the 



fifty�察�I could have lent them to you�察�and would have done so�察�for I 



knew you would not be long pazorrhus to me。  I am no hindity mush�察�



brother�察�no Irishman�察�I laid out the other day twenty pounds in 



buying rupenoe peam´engries�察。�112�� and in the Chong´gav�察。�113�� have 



a house of my own with a yard behind it。







'AND�察�FORSOOTH�察�IF I GO THITHER�察�I CAN CHOOSE A PLACE TO LIGHT A 



FIRE UPON�察�AND SHALL HAVE NO NECESSITY TO ASK LEAVE OF THESE HERE 



GENTILES。'







Well�察�dear reader�察�this last is the translation of the Gypsy 



sentence which heads the chapter�察�and which is a very 



characteristic specimen of the general way of speaking of the 



English Gypsies。







The language�察�as they generally speak it�察�is a broken jargon�察�in 



which few of the grammatical peculiarities of the Rommany are to be 



distinguished。  In fact�察�what has been said of the Spanish Gypsy 



dialect holds good with respect to the English as commonly spoken�此 �



yet the English dialect has in reality suffered much less than the 



Spanish�察�and still retains its original syntax to a certain extent�察�



its peculiar manner of conjugating verbs�察�and declining nouns and 



pronouns。  I must�察�however�察�qualify this last assertion�察�by 



observing that in the genuine Rommany there are no prepositions�察�



but�察�on the contrary�察�post´positions�察�now�察�in the case of the 



English dialect�察�these post´positions have been lost�察�and their 



want�察�with the exception of the genitive�察�has been supplied with 



English prepositions�察�as may be seen by a short example�此�











Hungarian Gypsy。��114�� English Gypsy。    English。



Job                   Yow               He



Leste                 Leste             Of him



Las                   Las               To him



Les                   Los               Him



Lester                From leste        From him



Leha                  With leste        With him







PLURAL。







Hungarian Gypsy     English Gypsy。    English



Jole                Yaun              They



Lente               Lente             Of them



Len                 Len               To them



Len                 Len               Them



Lender              From Lende        From them







The following comparison of words selected at random from the 



English and Spanish dialects of the Rommany will�察�perhaps�察�not be 



uninteresting to the philologist or even to the general reader。  



Could a doubt be at present entertained that the Gypsy language is 



virtually the same in all parts of the world where it is spoken�察�I 



conceive that such a vocabulary would at once remove it。











          English Gypsy。       Spanish Gypsy。



Ant       Cria                 Crianse



Bread     Morro                Manro



City      Forus                Foros



Dead      Mulo                 Mulo



Enough    Dosta                Dosta



Fish      Matcho               Macho



Great     Boro                 Baro



House     Ker                  Quer



Iron      Saster               Sas



King      Krallis              Cralis



Love��I��   Camova               Camelo



Moon      Tchun                Chimutra



Night     Rarde                Rati



Onion     Purrum               Porumia



Poison    Drav                 Drao



Quick     Sig                  Sigo



Rain      Brishindo            Brejindal



Sunday    Koorokey             Curque



Teeth     Danor                Dani



Village   Gav                  Gao



White     Pauno                Parno



Yes       Avali                Ungale







As specimens of how the English dialect maybe written�察�the 



following translations of the Lord's Prayer and Belief will perhaps 



suffice。











THE LORD'S PRAYER











Miry dad�察�odoi oprey adrey tiro tatcho tan�察�Medeveleskoe si tiro 



nav�察�awel tiro tem�察�be kairdo tiro lav acoi drey pov sa odoi adrey 



kosgo tan�此 �dey mande ke´divvus miry diry morro�察�ta fordel man sor 



so me pazzorrus tute�察�sa me fordel sor so wavior mushor pazzorrus 



amande�察�ma riggur man adrey kek dosch�察�ley man abri sor wafodu�察�



tiro se o tem�察�tiro or zoozli´wast�察�tiro or corauni�察�kanaw ta ever´



komi。  Avali。  Tatchipen。











LITERAL TRANSLATION











My Father�察�yonder up within thy good place�察�god´like be thy name�察�



come thy kingdom�察�be done thy word here in earth as yonder in good 



place。  Give to me to´day my dear bread�察�and forgive me all that I 



am indebted to thee�察�as I forgive all that other men are indebted 



to me�察�not lead me into any ill�察�take me out ��of�� all evil�察�thine 



is the kingdom�察�thine the strong hand�察�thine the crown�察�now and 



evermore。  Yea。  Truth。











THE BELIEF











Me apasavenna drey mi´dovvel�察�Dad soro´ruslo�察�savo kedas charvus ta 



pov�此 �apasavenna drey olescro yeck chavo moro arauno Christos�察�lias 



medeveleskoe Baval´engro�察�beano of wendror of medeveleskoe gairy 



Mary�此 �kurredo tuley me´cralliskoe geiro Pontius Pilaten wast�察�



nasko pre rukh�察�moreno�察�chivios adrey o hev�察�jas yov tuley o kalo 



dron ke wafudo tan�察�bengeskoe stariben�察�jongorasa o trito divvus�察�



atchasa opre to tatcho tan�察�Mi´dovvels kair�察�bestela kanaw odoi pre 



Mi´dovvels tacho wast Dad soro´boro�察�ava sig to lel shoonaben opre 



mestepen and merripen。  Apasa´venna en develeskoe Baval´engro�察�Boro 



develeskoe congri�察�develeskoe pios of sore tacho foky ketteney�察�



soror wafudu´penes fordias�察�soror mulor jongorella�察�kek merella 



apopli。  Avali�察�palor。











LITERAL TRANSLATION











I believe in my God�察�Father all powerful�察�who made heaven and 



earth�察�I believe in his one Son our Lord Christ�察�conceived by Holy 



Ghost�察。�117�� born of bowels of Holy Virgin Mary�察�beaten under the 



royal governor Pontius Pilate's hand�察�hung on a tree�察�slain�察�put 



into the grave�察�went he down the black road to bad place�察�the 



devil's prison�察�he awaked the third day�察�ascended up to good place�察�



my God's house�察�sits now there on my God's right hand Father´all´



powerful�察�shall come soon to hold judgment over life and death。  I 



believe in Holy Ghost�察�Great Holy Church�察�Holy festival of all good 



people together�察�all sins forgiveness�察�that all dead arise�察�no more 



die again。  Yea�察�brothers。











SPECIMEN OF A SONG IN THE VULGAR OR BROKEN ROMMANY











As I was a jawing to the gav yeck divvus��



I met on the dron miro Rommany chi��



I puch'd yoi whether she com sar mande��



And she penn'd�此 �tu si wafo Rommany��







And I penn'd�察�I shall ker tu miro tacho Rommany��



Fornigh tute but dui chave��



Methinks I'll cam tute for miro merripen��



If tu but pen�察�thou wilt commo sar mande。











TRANSLATION











One day as I was going to the village��



I met on the road my Rommany lass��



I ask'd her whether she would come with me��



And she said thou hast another wife。







I said�察�I will make thee my lawful wife��



Because thou hast but two children��



Methinks I will love thee until my death��



If thou but say thou wilt come with me。







Many other specimens of the English Gypsy muse might be here 



adduced�察�it is probable�察�however�察�that the above will have fully 



satisfied the curiosity of the reader。  It has been inserted here 



for the purpose of showing that the Gypsies have songs in their own 



language�察�a fact which has been denied。  In its metre it resembles 



the ancient Sclavonian ballads�察�with which it has another feature 



in common ´ the absence of rhyme。



















Footnotes��







��1�� QUARTERLY REVIEW�察�Dec。 1842







��2�� EDINBURGH REVIEW�察�Feb。 1843。







��3�� EXAMINER�察�Dec。 17�察�1842。







��4�� SPECTATOR�察�Dec。 7�察�1842。







��5�� Thou speakest well�察�brother��







��6�� This is quite a mistake�此 �I know very little of what has been 



written concerning these people�此 �even the work of Grellmann had 



not come beneath my perusal at the time of the publication of the 



first edition OF THE ZINCALI�察�which I certainly do not regret�此 �for 



though I believe the learned German to be quite right in his theory 



with respect to the origin of the Gypsies�察�his acquaintance with 



their character�察�habits�察�and peculiarities�察�seems to have been 



extremely limited。







��7�� Good day。







��8�� Glandered horse。







��9�� Two brothers。







��10�� The edition here referred to has long since been out of print。







��11�� It may not be amiss to give the etymology of the word engro�察�



which so frequently occurs in compound words in the English Gypsy 



tongue�此� the EN properly belongs to the preceding noun�察�being one 



of the forms of the genitive case�察�for example�察�Elik´EN boro 



congry�察�the great Church or Cathedral of Ely�察�the GRO or GEIRO 



��Spanish GUERO���察�is the Sanscrit KAR�察�a particle much used in that 



language in the formation of compounds�察�I need scarcely add that 



MONGER in the English words Costermonger�察�Ironmonger�察�etc。�察�is 



derived from the same root。







��12�� For the knowledge of this fact I am indebted to the well´known 



and enterprising traveller�察�Mr。 Vigne�察�whose highly interesting 



work on Cashmire and the Panjab requires no recommendation from me。







��13�� Gorgio ��Spanish GACHO���察�a man who is not a Gypsy�此 �the Spanish 



Gypsies term the Gentiles Busne�察�the meaning of which word will be 



explained farther on。





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