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and far behind�察�in his poetry�察�or�察�if it is not there�察�his poetry stirs it in our 

forsaken lodges of the past。         Yes�察�it comes to one out of one's boyhood�察�it 

breathes of a world very vaguely realizeda world of imitative sentiments 

and forebodings of hours to come。             Perhaps Longfellow first woke me to 

that later sense of what poetry means�察�which comes with early manhood。 

     Before�察�one had been content�察�I am still content�察�with Scott in his battle 

pieces�察   �with   the   ballads   of   the  Border。    Longfellow       had    a  touch   of 

reflection you do not find�察�of course�察�in battle poems�察�in a boy's favourites�察�

such as ;Of Nelson and the North�察─�or ;Ye Mariners of England。; 

     His   moral   reflections   may   seem   obvious   now�察  �and   trite�察  �they   were 

neither   when   one   was   fifteen。      To   read   the   ;Voices   of   the   Night�察─  �in 

particularthose early piecesis to be back at school again�察�on a Sunday�察�

reading   all   alone   on   a   summer's   day�察  �high   in   some   tree�察  �with   a   wide 



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prospect of gardens and fields。 

     There is that mysterious note in the tone and measure which one first 

found   in   Longfellow�察  �which   has   since   reached   our   ears   more   richly   and 

fully in Keats�察�in Coleridge�察�in Tennyson。             Take�察�for example�察�

       ;The welcome�察�the thrice prayed for�察�the most fair�察�The best´beloved 

Night� ─�

       Is not that version of Euripides exquisitedoes it not seem exquisite 

still�察  �though   this   is   not   the   quality   you   expect   chiefly   from   Longfellow�察�

though     you    rather   look   to  him    for  honest    human     matter   than    for  an 

indefinable beauty of manner�拭�

     I   believe   it   is   the   manner�察  �after   all�察  �of   the   ;Psalm   of   Life;   that   has 

made it so strangely popular。            People tell us�察�excellent people�察�that it   is 

;as good as a sermon�察─�that they value it for this reason�察�that its lesson has 

strengthened the hearts of men in our difficult life。              They say so�察�and they 

think so�此    �but the poem is not nearly as good as a sermon�察�it is not even 

coherent。      But it really has an original cadence of its own�察�with its double 

rhymes�察�and the pleasure of this cadence has combined�察�with a belief that 

they    are   being   edified�察   �to  make    readers    out   of  number      consider    the 

;Psalms of Life; a masterpiece。             Youmy learned prosodist and student 

of Browning and Shelleywill agree with me that it is not a masterpiece。 

But   I   doubt   if   you   have   enough   of   the   experience   brought   by   years   to 

tolerate the opposite opinion�察�as your elders can。 

     How   many  other   poems   of   Longfellow's   there   are   that   remind   us   of 

youth�察�and of those kind�察�vanished faces which were around us when we 

read ;The Reaper and the Flowers;�              �I read again�察�and�察�as the poet says�察�

       ;Then the forms of the departed Enter at the open door�察�The beloved�察�

the true´hearted Come to visit me once more。; 

       Compare   that   simple   strain�察  �you   lover   of   Theophile   Gautier�察  �with 

Theo's own ;Chateau de Souvenir; in ;Emaux et Camees�察─�and confess the 

truth�察�which poet brings the  break into the  reader's   voice�拭              �It is not   the 

dainty�察�accomplished Frenchman�察�the jeweller in words�察�it is the simpler 

speaker   of   our   English   tongue   who   stirs   you   as   a   ballad   moves   you。   I 

find one comes back to Longfellow�察�and to one's old self of the old years。 

I don't know a poem ;of the affections�察─�as Sir Barnes Newcome would 



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have called it�察�that I like better than Thackeray's ;Cane´bottomed Chair。; 

Well�察   �The   Fire   of   Driftwood;   and   this   other   of   Longfellow's   with   its 

absolute lack of pretence�察�its artful avoidance of art�察�is not less tender and 

true。 

       ;And she sits and gazes at me With those deep and tender eyes�察�Like 

the stars�察�so still and saintlike�察�Looking downward from the skies。; 

       It is from the skies that they look down�察�those eyes which once read 

the ;Voices of the Night; from the same book with us�察�how long ago� �So 

long ago that one was half´frightened by the legend of the ;Beleaguered 

City。;     I  know     the  ballad    brought    the   scene   to  me    so  vividly    that  I 

expected�察�any frosty night�察�to see how 

       ;The white pavilions rose and fell On the alarmed air�察─�

       and   it  was   down     the   valley   of  Ettrick�察  �beneath     the  dark   ;Three 

Brethren's   Cairn�察─  �that   I   half´hoped   to   watch   when   ;the   troubled   army 

fled;fled with battered banners of mist drifting through the pines�察�down 

to   the   Tweed   and   the   sea。   The   ;Skeleton   in Armour;   comes   out   once 

more as terrific as ever�察�and the ;Wreck of the Hesperus; touches one in 

the old�察�simple way after so many�察�many days of verse´reading and even 

verse´writing。 

     In   brief�察  �Longfellow's   qualities   are   so   mixed   with   what   the   reader 

brings�察  �with   so   many   kindliest   associations   of   memory�察  �that   one   cannot 

easily criticize him in cold blood。            Even in spite of this friendliness and 

affection     which    Longfellow       wins�察  �I  can   see�察 �of  course�察   �that   he  does 

moralize too much。          The first part of his lyrics is always the best�察�the part 

where he is dealing directly with his subject。               Then comes the ;practical 

application; as preachers say�察�and I feel now that it is sometimes uncalled 

for�察�disenchanting�察�and even manufactured。 

     Look at his ;Endymion。;           It is the earlier verses that win you�此�

       ;And   silver   white   the   river   gleams As   if   Diana   in   her   dreams   Had 

dropt her silver bow Upon the meadows low。; 

       That is as good as Ronsard�察�and very like him in manner and matter。 

But the moral and consolatory application is too longtoo much dwelt on�此�

       ;Like   Dian's   kiss�察  �unasked�察  �unsought�察  �Love   gives   itself�察  �but   is   not 

bought。; 



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       Excellent�察  �but   there   are   four   weak�察  �moralizing   stanzas   at   the   close�察�

and not only  does   the  poet   ;moralize his   song�察─�but   the  moral   is   feeble�察�

and   fantastic�察  �and   untrue。      There   are�察  �though   he   denies   it�察  �myriads   of 

persons now of whom it cannot be said that 

       ;Some heart�察�though unknown�察�Responds unto his own。; 

       If it were true�察�the reflection could only console a school´girl。 

     A  poem   like   ;My   Lost Youth;   is   needed   to   remind   one   of   what   the 

author really  was�察  �simple�察 �sensuous�察�passionate。;                What   a  lovely  verse 

this is�察�a verse somehow inspired by the breath of Longfellow's favourite 

Finnish ;Kalevala�察─ �a verse of a   Lapland song�察─�like   a wind over   pines 

and salt coasts�此�

       ;I   remember      the   black   wharves      and   the   slips�察 �And    the   sea´tide�察�

tossing free�察�And Spanish sailors with bearded lips�察�And the beauty and the 

mystery of the ships�察�And the magic of the sea。; 

       Thus   Longfellow�察  �though   not   a   very   great   magician   and   master   of 

languagenot   a   Keats   by   any   meanshas   often�察  �by   sheer   force   of   plain 

sincerity�察   �struck    exactly    the  right   note�察  �and   matched     his   thought    with 

music that haunts us and will not be forgotten�此�

       ;Ye   open   the   eastern   windows�察  �That   look   towards   the   sun�察  �Where 

thoughts are singing swallows�察�And the brooks of morning run。; 

       There   is   a   picture   of   Sandro   Botticelli's�察  �the Virgin   seated   with   the 

Child by a hedge of roses�察�in a faint blue air�察�as of dawn in Paradise。                   This 

poem      of  Longfellow's�察      �The    Children's     Hour�察─   �seems�察   �like   Botticelli's 

painting�察�to open a door into the paradise of children�察�where their angels 

do ever behold that which is hidden from menwhat no man hath seen at 

any time。 

     Longfellow is exactly the antithesis of Poe�察�who�察�with all his science 

of verse and ghostly skill�察�has no humanity�察�or puts none of it into his lines。 

One is the poet of Life�察�and everyday life�察�the other is the poet of Death�察�

and of bizarre shapes of death�察�from which Heaven deliver us� �

     Neither     of   them    shows     any   sign   of   being    particularly    American�察�

though      Longfellow�察     �in   ;Evangeline;       and   ;Hiawatha�察─      �and    the  ;New 

England Tragedies�察─�sought his topics in the history and traditions of the 

New World。 



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     To me ;Hiawatha; seems by far the best of his longer efforts�察�it is quite 

full of sympathy with men and women�察�nature�察�beasts�察�birds�察�weather�察�and 

wind   and   snow。      Everything   lives   with   a   human   breath�察  �as   everything 

should   live   in   a   poem   concerned   with   these   wild   folk�察  �to   whom   all   the 

world�察�and all in it�察�is personal as themselves。              Of course there are lapses 

of style in so long a piece。         It jars on us in the lay of the mystic Chibiabos�察�

the boy Persephone of the Indian Eleusinia�察�to be told that 

       ;the gentle Chibiabos Sang in tones of deep emotion� ─�

       ;Tones of deep emotion; may pass in a

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