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the discovery of guiana(窟�峭舊把�)-及14何蛍

弌傍�� the discovery of guiana(窟�峭舊把�) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




from them both their wives and daughters daily 。 。 。 But I protest before the 

Majesty of the living God�察�that I neither know nor believe�察�that any of our 

company�察�one or other�察�did offer insult to any of their women�察�and yet we 

saw many hundreds�察�and had many in our power�察�and of those very young 

and   excellently   favoured�察      �which   came     among     us   without   deceit�察  �stark 

naked。   Nothing   got   us   more   love   amongst   them   than   this   usage�察  �for   I 

suffered not any man to take from any of the nations so much as a pina 

��pineapple�� or a potato root without giving them contentment�察�nor any man 

so much as to offer to touch any of their wives or daughters�察�which course�察�

so contrary to the Spaniards�察�who tyrannize over them in all things�察�drew 

them to admire her Majesty�察�whose commandment I told them it was�察�and 

also    wonderfully      to  honour    our   nation。   But   I  confess    it  was   a  very 

impatient work to keep the meaner sort from spoil and stealing when we 

came to their houses�察�which because in all I could not prevent�察�I caused 

my Indian interpreter at every place when we departed�察�to know of the loss 

or wrong done�察�and if aught were stolen or taken by violence�察�either the 

same was restored�察�and the party punished in their sight�察�or else was paid 

for to their uttermost demand。 They also much wondered at us�察�after they 

heard   that   we   had   slain   the   Spaniards   at   Trinidad�察  �for   they   were   before 

resolved that no nation of Christians durst abide their presence�察�and they 

wondered more when I had made them know of the great overthrow that 

her   Majesty's   army   and   fleet   had   given   them   of   late   years   in   their   own 

countries。 

     After we had taken in this supply of bread�察�with divers baskets of roots�察�

which   were   excellent   meat�察  �I   gave   one   of   the   canoas   to   the   Arwacas�察�

which     belonged     to  the  Spaniards     that  were    escaped�察   �and   when     I  had 

dismissed all but the captain�察�who by the Spaniards was christened Martin�察�

I sent back in the same canoa the old Ciawani�察�and Ferdinando�察�my first 

pilot�察  �and   gave   them   both   such   things   as   they   desired�察  �with   sufficient 



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victual to carry them back�察�and by them wrote a letter to the ships�察�which 

they promised to deliver�察�and performed it�察�and then I went on�察�with my 

new hired pilot�察�Martin the Arwacan。 But the next or second day after�察�we 

came aground again with our galley�察�and were like to cast her away�察�with 

all our victual and provision�察�and so lay on the sand one whole night�察�and 

were far more in despair at this time to free her than before�察�because we 

had   no   tide   of   flood   to   help   us�察  �and   therefore   feared   that   all   our   hopes 

would have ended in mishaps。 But we fastened an anchor upon the land�察�

and    with    main   strength    drew    her   off�察 �and   so   the  fifteenth   day   we 

discovered afar off the mountains of Guiana�察�to our great joy�察�and towards 

the evening had a slent ��push�� of a northerly wind that blew very strong�察�

which brought us in sight of the great river Orenoque�察�out of which this 

river descended wherein we were。 We descried afar off three other canoas 

as far as we could discern them�察�after whom we hastened with our barge 

and wherries�察�but two of them passed out of sight�察�and the third entered up 

the great river�察�on the right hand to the westward�察�and there stayed out of 

sight�察  �thinking    that   we   meant    to  take  the   way    eastward    towards    the 

province of Carapana�察�for that way the Spaniards keep�察�not daring to go 

upwards to Guiana�察�the people in those parts being all their enemies�察�and 

those in the canoas thought us to have been those Spaniards that were fled 

from Trinidad�察�and escaped killing。 And when we came so far down as the 

opening of that branch into which they slipped�察�being near them with our 

barge   and   wherries�察  �we   made   after   them�察  �and   ere   they   could   land   came 

within call�察�and by our interpreter told them what we were�察�wherewith they 

came back willingly aboard us�察�and of such fish and tortugas' ��turtles�� eggs 

as they had gathered they gave us�察�and promised in the morning to bring 

the lord of that part with them�察�and to do us all other services they could。 

That night we came to an anchor at the parting of the three goodly rivers 

��the one was the river of Amana�察�by which we came from the north�察�and 

ran   athwart   towards   the   south�察  �the   other   two   were   of   Orenoque�察  �which 

crossed from the west and ran to the sea towards the east�� and landed upon 

a fair sand�察�where we found thousands of tortugas' eggs�察�which are very 

wholesome   meat�察  �and   greatly   restoring�察  �so   as   our   men   were   now   well 

filled and highly contented both with the fare�察�and nearness of the land of 



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Guiana�察�which appeared in sight。 

     In the morning there came down�察�according to promise�察�the lord of that 

border�察    �called   Toparimaca�察      �with    some    thirty   or   forty   followers�察    �and 

brought us divers   sorts of   fruits�察  �and   of   his   wine�察 �bread�察  �fish�察 �and   flesh�察�

whom we also feasted as we could�察�at least we drank good Spanish wine�察�

whereof we   had   a   small   quantity  in   bottles�察 �which   above   all   things they 

love。   I   conferred   with   this   Toparimaca   of   the   next   way   to   Guiana�察  �who 

conducted our galley and boats to his own port�察�and carried us from thence 

some mile and a´half to his town�察�where some of our captains caroused of 

his   wine   till   they   were   reasonable   pleasant�察  �for   it   is   very   strong   with 

pepper�察�and the juice of divers herbs and fruits digested and purged。 They 

keep it in great earthen pots of ten or twelve gallons�察�very clean and sweet�察�

and are themselves at their meetings and feasts the greatest carousers and 

drunkards of the world。 When we came to his town we found two caciques�察�

whereof   one   was   a   stranger   that   had   been   up   the   river   in   trade�察  �and   his 

boats�察�people�察�and wife encamped at the port where we anchored�察�and the 

other was of that country�察�a follower of Toparimaca。 They lay each of them 

in a cotton hamaca�察�which we call Brazil beds�察�and two women attending 

them with six cups�察�and a little ladle to fill them out of an earthen pitcher 

of wine�察�and so they drank each of them three of those cups at a time one 

to the other�察�and in this sort they drink drunk at their feasts and meetings。 

     That cacique that was a stranger had his wife staying at the port where 

we   anchored�察  �and   in   all   my   life   I   have   seldom   seen   a   better   favoured 

woman。   She   was   of   good   stature�察  �with   black   eyes�察  �fat   of   body�察  �of   an 

excellent countenance�察�her hair almost as long as herself�察�tied up again in 

pretty knots�察�and it seemed she stood not in that awe of her husband as the 

rest�察  �for   she   spake   and   discoursed�察  �and   drank   among   the   gentlemen   and 

captains�察�and was very pleasant�察�knowing her own comeliness�察�and taking 

great pride therein。 I have seen a lady in England so like to her�察�as but for 

the difference of colour�察�I would have sworn might have been the same。 

     The seat of this town of Toparimaca was very pleasant�察�standing on a 

little   hill�察  �in   an   excellent   prospect�察  �with   goodly  gardens   a   mile   compass 

round     about    it�察 �and   two   very    fair  and   large   ponds     of  excellent     fish 

adjoining。   This   town   is   called   Arowocai�察  �the   people   are   of   the   nation 



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called   Nepoios�察  �and   are   followers of   Carapana。   In   that place   I   saw   very 

aged people�察�that we might perceive all their sinews and veins without any 

flesh�察�and but even as a case covered only with skin。 The lord of this place 

gave me an old man for pilot�察�who was of great experience and travel�察�and 

knew   the   river   most   perfectly   both   by   day   and   night。   And   it   shall   be 

requisite for any man that passeth it to have such a pilot�察�for it is four�察�five�察�

and six miles over in many places�察�and twenty miles in other places�察�with 

wonderful       eddies    and   strong    currents�察  �many     great   islands�察   �and   divers 

shoals�察�and many dangerous rocks�察�and besides upon any increase of wind 

so great a billow�察�as we were sometimes in great peril of drowning in the 

galley�察�for the small boats durst not come from the shore but when it was 

very fair。 

     The next day we hasted thence�察�and having an easterly wind to help us�察�

we spared our arms from rowing�察�for after we entered Orenoque�察�the river 

lieth for the most part east and west�察�even from the sea unto Quito�察�in Peru。 

This river is navigable with barks little less than 1000 miles�察�and from the 

place where we entered it may be sailed up in small pinnaces to many of 

the best parts of Nuevo Reyno de Granada and of Popayan。 And from no 

place   may   the   cities   of   these   parts   of   the   Indies   be   so   easily   taken   and 

invaded as from hence。 All   that day we sailed up   a branch of that   river�察�

having on   the   left   hand  a   great   island�察 �which   they  call Assapana�察  �which 

may   contain      some    five´and´   twenty   miles       in  length�察  �and   six   miles   in 

breadth�察�the great body of the river running on the other side of this island。 

Beyond that middle branch there is also another island in th

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