life of robert browning(袋荻蒙,下席逓勧)-及38何蛍
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
not in kind。 But I do not for a moment believe that his greatness is in his
status as a thinker�此�even less�察�that the poet and the thinker are indissociable。
Many years ago Sainte´Beuve destroyed this shallow artifice of pseudo´
criticism�此 �Venir nous dire que tout poe;te de talent est�察�par essence�察 �un
grand PENSEUR�察�et que tout vrai PENSEUR est ne/cessairement artiste et
poe;te�察�c'est une pre/tention insoutenable et que de/ment a chaque instant
la re/alite/。;
When Browning's enormous influence upon the spiritual and mental
life of our day an influence ever shaping itself to wise and beautiful
issues shall have lost much of its immediate import�察 �there will still
surely be discerned in his work a formative energy whose resultant is pure
poetic gain。 It is as the poet he will live�此�not merely as the ;novel thinker
in verse;。 Logically�察 �his attitude as `thinker' is unimpressive。 It is the
attitude�察 �as I think some one has pointed out�察 �of acquiescence with
codified morality。 In one of his `Causeries'�察�the keen French critic quoted
above has a remark upon the great Bossuet�察 �which may with singular
aptness be repeated of Browning�此 �His is the Hebrew genius extended�察�
fecundated by Christianity�察 �and open to all the acquisitions of the
understanding�察 �but retaining some degree of sovereign interdiction�察 �and
closing its vast horizon precisely where its light ceases。; Browning cannot�察�
or will not�察�face the problem of the future except from the basis of assured
continuity of individual existence。 He is so much in love with life�察 �for
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life's sake�察 �that he cannot even credit the possibility of incontinuity�察 �his
assurance of eternity in another world is at least in part due to his despair
at not being eternal in this。 He is so sure�察�that the intellectually scrupulous
detect the odours of hypotheses amid the sweet savour of indestructible
assurance。 Schopenhauer says�察�in one of those recently´found Annotations
of his which are so characteristic and so acute�察 �that which is called
`mathematical certainty' is the cane of a blind man without a dog�察 �or
equilibrium in darkness。; Browning would sometimes have us accept the
evidence of his `cane' as all´sufficient。 He does not entrench himself
among conventions�此�for he already finds himself within the fortified lines
of convention�察�and remains there。 Thus is true what Mr。 Mortimer says in a
recent admirable critique ;His position in regard to the thought of the
age is paradoxical�察 �if not inconsistent。 He is in advance of it in every
respect but one�察 �the most important of all�察 �the matter of fundamental
principles�察 �in these he is behind it。 His processes of thought are often
scientific in their precision of analysis�察 �the sudden conclusion which he
imposes upon them is transcendental and inept。; Browning's conclusions�察�
which harmonise so well with our haphazard previsionings�察�are sometimes
so disastrously facile that they exercise an insurrectionary influence。 They
occasionally suggest that wisdom of Gotham which is ever ready to
postulate the certainty of a fulfilment because of the existence of a desire。
It is this that vitiates so much of his poetic reasoning。 Truth may ring
regnant in the lines of Abt Vogler ;And what is our failure here but a
triumph's evidence For the fulness of the days�拭─ �but�察�unfortunately�察�the
conclusion is�察�in itself�察�illogical。
We are all familiar with�察�and in this book I have dwelt more than once
upon�察 �Browning's habitual attitude towards Death。 It is not a novel one。
The frontage is not so much that of the daring pioneer�察 �as the sedate
assurance of `the oldest inhabitant'。 It is of good hap�察 �of welcome
significance�此�none the less there is an aspect of our mortality of which the
poet's evasion is uncompromising and absolute。 I cannot do better than
quote Mr。 Mortimer's noteworthy words hereupon�察 �in connection�察�
moreover�察 �with Browning's artistic relation to Sex�察 �that other great
Protagonist in the relentless duel of Humanity with Circumstance。 ;The
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final inductive hazard he declines for himself�察�his readers may take it if
they will。 It is part of the insistent and perverse ingenuity which we
display in masking with illusion the more disturbing elements of life。 Veil
after veil is torn down�察�but seldom before another has been slipped behind
it�察 �until we acquiesce without a murmur in the concealment that we
ourselves have made。 Two facts thus carefully shrouded from full vision
by elaborate illusion conspicuously round in our lives the life´giving
and life´destroying elements�察 �Sex and Death。 We are compelled to
occasional physiologic and economic discussion of the one�察�but we shrink
from recognising the full extent to which it bases the whole social fabric�察�
carefully concealing its insurrections�察 �and ignoring or misreading their
lessons。 The other�察�in certain aspects�察�we are compelled to face�察�but to do it
we tipple on illusions�察 �from our cradle upwards�察�in dread of the coming
grave�察�purchasing a drug for our poltroonery at the expense of our sanity。
We uphold our wayward steps with the promises and the commandments
for crutches�察 �but on either side of us trudge the shadow Death and the
bacchanal Sex�察�and we mumble prayers against the one�察�while we scourge
ourselves for leering at the other。 On one only of these can Browning be
said to have spoken with novel force the relations of sex�察�which he has
treated with a subtlety and freedom�察 �and often with a beauty�察�
unapproached since Goethe。 On the problem of Death�察 �except in
masquerade of robes and wings�察�his eupeptic temperament never allowed
him to dwell。 He sentimentalised where Shakespeare thought。; Browning's
whole attitude to the Hereafter is different from that of Tennyson only in
that the latter `faintly'�察 �while he strenuously�察 �trusts the larger hope。; To
him all credit�察 �that�察 �standing upon the frontiers of the Past�察 �he can
implicitly trust the Future。 ;High´hearted surely he�察�But bolder they who
first off´cast Their moorings from the habitable Past。; The teacher may be
forgotten�察 �the prophet may be hearkened to no more�察 �but a great poet's
utterance is never temporal�察�having that in it which conserves it against the
antagonism of time�察�and the ebb and flow of literary ideals。 What range�察�
what extent of genius� �As Mr。 Frederick Wedmore has well said�察�
`Browning is not a book he is a literature。'
But that he will ;stand out gigantic; in MASS of imperishable work�察�in
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that far´off day�察�I for one cannot credit。 His poetic shortcomings seem too
essential to permit of this。 That fatal excess of cold over emotive thought�察�
of thought that�察�however profound�察�incisive�察�or scrupulously clear�察�is not
yet impassioned�察�is a fundamental defect of his。 It is the very impetuosity
of this mental energy to which is due the miscalled obscurity of much of
Browning's work miscalled�察�because�察�however remote in his allusions�察�
however pedantic even�察 �he is never obscure in his thought。 His is that
;palace infinite which darkens with excess of light。; But mere excess in
itself is nothing more than symptomatic。 Browning has suffered more
from intellectual exploitation than any writer。 It is a ruinous process for
the poet。 ;He so well repays intelligent study。; That is it�察 �unfortunately。
There are many�察�like the old Scotch lady who attempted to read Carlyle's
`French Revolution'�察 �who think they have become ;daft; when they
encounter a passage such as�察�for example�察 �Rivals�察�who 。 。 。 Tuned�察�from
Bocafoli's stark´naked psalms�察 �To Plara's sonnets spoilt by toying with�察�
`As knops that stud some almug to the pith Pricked for gum�察�wry thence�察�
and crinkled worse Than pursed eyelids of a river´horse Sunning himself
o' the slime when whirrs the breeze GAD´FLY�察�that is。'; The old lady
persevered with Carlyle�察�and�察�after a few days�察�found ;she was nae sae daft�察�
but that she had tackled a varra dee´fee´cult author。; What would even that
indomitable student have said to the above quotation�察 �and to the poem
whence it comes�拭�To many it is not the poetry�察�but the difficulties�察�that are
the attraction。 They rejoice�察�after long and frequent dippings�察�to find their
plummet�察�almost lost in remote depths�察�touch bottom。 Enough `meaning'
has been educed from `Childe Roland'�察�to cite but one instance�察�to start a
School of Philosophy with�此 �though it so happen