the compleat angler(換許寄畠)-及38何蛍
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
many fair towns and princely palaces�察�that a German poet thus truly spake�此�
Tot campos�察�&c。 We saw so many woods and princely bowers�察�Sweet
fields�察 �brave palaces�察 �and stately towers�察 �So many gardens drest with
curious care�察�That Thames with royal Tiber may compare。
2。 The second river of note is SABRINA or SEVERN�此 �it hath its
beginning in Plinilimmon´hill�察 �in Montgomeryshire�察 �and his end seven
miles from Bristol�察�washing�察�in the mean space�察�the walls of Shrewsbury�察�
Worcester�察�and Gloucester�察�and divers other places and palaces of note。
3。 TRENT�察�so called from thirty kind of fishes that are found in it�察�or
for that it receiveth thirty lesser rivers�察 �who having his fountain in
Staffordshire�察 �and gliding through the counties of Nottingham�察 �Lincoln�察�
Leicester�察�and York�察�augmenteth the turbulent current of Humber�察�the most
149
´ Page 150´
THE COMPLEAT ANGLER
violent stream of all the isle This Humber is not�察 �to say truth�察�a distinct
river having a spring´head of his own�察 �but it is rather the mouth or
aestuarium of divers rivers here confluent and meeting together�察�namely�察�
your Derwent�察 �and especially of Ouse and Trent�察 �and�察 �as the Danow�察�
having received into its channel the river Dravus�察 �Savus�察 �Tibiscus�察 �and
divers others�察 �changeth his name into this of Humberabus�察 �as the old
geographers call it。
4。 MEDWAY�察�a Kentish river�察�famous for harbouring the royal navy。
5。 TWEED�察�the north´east bound of England�察�on whose northern banks
is seated the strong and impregnable town of Berwick。
6。 TYNE�察 �famous for Newcastle�察 �and her inexhaustible coal´pits。
These�察�and the rest of principal note�察�are thus comprehended in one of Mr。
Drayton's Sonnets�此�
Our floods' queen�察�Thames�察�for ships and swans is crown'd And stately
Severn for her shore is prais'd�察 �The crystal Trent�察 �for fords and fish
renown'd�察�And Avon's fame to Albion's cliffs is rais'd。
Carlegion Chester vaunts her holy Dee�察 �York many wonders of her
Ouse can tell�察�The Peak�察�her Dove�察�whose banks so fertile be�察�And Kent
will say her Medway doth excel�此�
Cotswold commends her Isis to the Tame�此�Our northern borders boast
of Tweed's fair flood�察�Our Western parts extol their Willy's fame�察�And the
old Lea brags of the Danish blood。
These observations are out of learned Dr。 Heylin�察�and my old deceased
friend�察�Michael Drayton�察�and because you say you love such discourses as
these�察�of rivers�察�and fish�察�and fishing�察�I love you the better�察�and love the
more to impart them to you。 Nevertheless�察�scholar�察�if I should begin but to
name the several sorts of strange fish that are usually taken in many of
those rivers that run into the sea�察�I might beget wonder in you�察�or unbelief�察�
or both�此�and yet I will venture to tell you a real truth concerning one lately
dissected by Dr。 Wharton�察�a man of great learning and experience�察�and of
equal freedom to communicate it�察�one that loves me and my art�察 �one to
whom I have been beholden for many of the choicest observations that I
have imparted to you。 This good man�察�that dares do anything rather than
tell an untruth�察�did�察�I say�察�tell me he had lately dissected one strange fish�察�
150
´ Page 151´
THE COMPLEAT ANGLER
and he thus described it to me�此�
;This fish was almost a yard broad�察�and twice that length�察�his mouth
wide enough to receive�察�or take into it�察�the head of a man�察�his stomach�察�
seven or eight inches broad。 He is of a slow motion�察�and usually lies or
lurks close in the mud�察 �and has a moveable string on his head�察 �about a
span or near unto a quarter of a yard long�察�by the moving of which�察�which
is his natural bait�察 �when he lies close and unseen in the mud�察 �he draws
other smaller fish so close to him�察�that he can suck them into his mouth�察�
and so devours and digests them。;
And�察�scholar�察�do not wonder at this�察�for besides the credit of the relator�察�
you are to note�察�many of these�察�and fishes which are of the like and more
unusual shapes�察�are very often taken on the mouths of our sea rivers�察�and
on the sea shore。 And this will be no wonder to any that have travelled
Egypt�察 �where�察 �'tis known�察 �the famous river Nilus does not only breed
fishes that yet want names�察�but�察�by the overflowing of that river�察�and the
help of the sun's heat on the fat slime which the river leaves on the banks
when it falls back into its natural channel�察�such strange fish and beasts are
also bred�察�that no man can give a name to�察�as Grotius in his Sopham�察�and
others�察�have observed。
But whither am I strayed in this discourse。 I will end it by telling you�察�
that at the mouth of some of these rivers of ours�察�Herrings are so plentiful�察�
as namely�察�near to Yarmouth in Norfolk�察�and in the west country Pilchers
so very plentiful�察 �as you will wonder to read what our learned Camden
relates of them in his Britannia。
Well�察 �scholar�察 �I will stop here�察 �and tell you what by reading and
conference I have observed concerning fish´ponds。
151
´ Page 152´
THE COMPLEAT ANGLER
The FIFTH day´continued
Of Fish´Ponds
Chapter XX
Piscator
DOCTOR LEBAULT�察�the learned Frenchman�察�in his large discourse of
Maison Rustique�察 �gives this direction for making of fish´ponds。 I shall
refer you to him�察�to read it at large�此�but I think I shall contract it�察�and yet
make it as useful。
He adviseth�察 �that when you have drained the ground�察 �and made the
earth firm where the head of the pond must be�察�that you must then�察�in that
place�察 �drive in two or three rows of oak or elm piles�察 �which should be
scorched in the fire�察�or half´burnt�察�before they be driven into the earth�察�for
being thus used�察�it preserves them much longer from rotting。 And having
done so�察 �lay faggots or bavins of smaller wood betwixt them�此 �and then�察�
earth betwixt and above them�此 �and then�察 �having first very well rammed
them and the earth�察�use another pile in like manner as the first were�此�and
note�察�that the second pile is to be of or about the height that you intend to
make your sluice or floodgate�察�or the vent that you intend shall convey the
overflowings of your pond in any flood that shall endanger the breaking of
your pond´dam。
Then he advises�察�that you plant willows or owlers�察�about it�察�or both�此�
and then cast in bavins�察�in some places not far from the side�察�and in the
most sandy places�察�for fish both to spawn upon�察�and to defend them and
the young fry from the many fish�察�and also from vermin�察�that lie at watch
to destroy them�察�especially the spawn of the Carp and Tench�察�when 'tis left
to the mercy of ducks or vermin。
He�察�and Dubravius�察�and all others advise�察�that you make choice of such
a place for your pond�察�that it may be refreshed with a little rill�察�or with rain
water�察�running or falling into it�察�by which fish are more inclined both to
breed�察�and are also refreshed and fed the better�察�and do prove to be of a
much sweeter and more pleasant taste。
152
´ Page 153´
THE COMPLEAT ANGLER
To which end it is observed�察�that such pools as be large and have most
gravel�察 �and shallows where fish may sport themselves�察�do afford fish of
the purest taste。 And note�察�that in all pools it is best for fish to have some
retiring place�察 �as namely�察 �hollow banks�察 �or shelves�察 �or roots of trees�察 �to
keep them from danger�察�and�察�when they think fit�察�from the extreme heat of
summer�察 �as also from the extremity of cold in winter。 And note�察 �that if
many trees be growing about your pond�察�the leaves thereof falling into the
water�察�make it nauseous to the fish�察�and the fish to be so to the eater of it。
'Tis noted�察 �that the Tench and Eel love mud�察 �and the Carp loves
gravelly ground�察�and in the hot months to feed on grass。 You are to cleanse
your pond�察�if you intend either profit or pleasure�察�once every three or four
years�察 �especially some ponds�察 �and then let it dry six or twelve months�察�
both to kill the water´weeds�察 �as water´lilies�察 �can´docks�察 �reate�察 �and
bulrushes�察�that breed there�察�and also that as these die for want of water�察�so
grass may grow in the pond's bottom�察�which Carps will eat greedily in all
the hot months�察�if the pond be clean。 The letting your pond dry and sowing
oats in the bottom is also good�察 �for the fish feed the faster�察 �and being
sometimes let dry�察�you may observe what kind of fish either increases or
thrives best in that water�察�for they differ much�察�both in their breeding and
feeding。
Lebault also advises�察�that if your ponds be not very large and roomy�察�
that you often feed your fish�察�by throwing into them chippings of bread�察�
curds�察�grains�察�or the entrails of chickens or of any fowl or beast that you
kill to feed yourselves�察 �for these afford