卷二 天主教哲学西方哲学史导言 天主教哲学,就我使用这一名词时所含的意义而言,是指由奥古斯丁到文艺复兴时 期为止支配着欧洲思想的哲学。在这十个世纪期间的前后,曾经有过属于这同一总的学 派的哲学家。在奥古斯丁以前,有过早期的教父,其中突出的是欧利根;文艺复兴以后 则有许多哲学家,包括现在墨守某种中世纪体系、特别是托马斯·阿奎那体系的所有正 统天主教的哲学教师。然而只有在奥古斯丁至文艺复兴起间的最伟大的哲学家,才与建 立并完成天主教思想的综合体系有关。在奥古斯丁以前的基督教世纪里,斯多葛学派和 新柏拉图主义者在哲学的才能方面使教父们相形见拙;文艺复兴以后,甚至在正统天主 教教徒当中,也没有一个卓越的哲学家来继承经院学派或奥古斯丁的传统。...
第一章前言第一章爱是一门艺术吗?爱是一门艺术吗?如果爱是一门艺术,那就要求人们有这方面的知识并付出相应的努力。或者,如果爱仅仅是一种令人心神荡漾的情感,体验爱全靠偶然并且只有幸运儿才能“坠入”爱的情网呢?我们的这本小书是立基于前一种假设的;而大多数人毫无疑问是相信第二种假设的。但是,人们并不会认为爱情是无关紧要的,相反他们渴求爱情。他们看了无数的爱情悲喜剧,听了成千上万跟垃圾一样的爱情歌曲——然而,几乎没有人会认为爱情当中有什么值得去学的东西。他们之所以持有这种特殊态度是建立于几个前提的;这些前提无论是单个来说还是结合起来,都倾向于支持他们这种态度。大多数人将爱情问题首先看作一个被爱问题,而不是去爱和有没有能力去爱的问题。因此,对他们来说,关键是:我如何才能被人爱?我如何才能成为值得被人爱的人?为了达到这一目的,他们采取了各种各样的途径:一种尤为男子所采用的方法...
火车发出一声悠长的汽笛,在隆隆的轰鸣声中徐徐驶入永新车站,淡白的蒸汽在寒风中弥漫开来,车厢里的人起了一阵轻微的骚乱,因为车门没有像寻常一样及时打开。永新历来是军事重镇,承军的南大营便驻防在此地,此时站台上星罗密布的岗哨,因着局势紧张,亦算是司空见惯,只是那样整肃的荷枪实弹,无端端又叫人生了惶恐。车门终于打开了,却不许人走动,荷枪实弹的卫兵把持住了各个车厢口,车厢里的人不由惊恐地瞧着这些人,他们与站台上的岗哨不同,一色藏青呢制戎装,靴上的马刺锃亮,手中枪尖上的刺刀闪着雪亮的光芒。他们沉默而冷淡地守望着车厢,拾翠心里一阵发紧,知道这是承军的卫戍近侍,按常理不应该在这永新城里,不晓得出了什么事情。...
TWICE-TOLD TALESTHE BIRTHMARKby Nathaniel HawthorneIN THE LATTER PART of the last century, there lived a man ofscience- an eminent proficient in every branch of naturalphilosophy- who, not long before our story opens, had madeexperience of a spiritual affinity, more attractive than anychemical one. He had left his laboratory to the care of anassistant, cleared his fine countenance from the furnace-smoke, washed...
The Silverado Squattersby Robert Louis StevensonTHE scene of this little book is on a high mountain. Thereare, indeed, many higher; there are many of a nobler outline.It is no place of pilgrimage for the summary globe-trotter;but to one who lives upon its sides, Mount Saint Helena soonbecomes a centre of interest. It is the Mont Blanc of onesection of the Californian Coast Range, none of its nearneighbours rising to one-half its altitude. It looks down on...
The Itinerary of Archibishop Baldwin through Walesby Giraldus CambrensisINTRODUCTIONGerald the Welshman - Giraldus Cambrensis - was born, probably in 1147, at Manorbier Castle in the county of Pembroke. His father was a Norman noble, William de Barri, who took his name from the little island of Barry off the coast of Glamorgan. His mother, Angharad, was the daughter of Gerald de Windsor {1} by his wife, the famous Princess Nesta, the "Helen of Wales," and the daughter of Rhys ap Tewdwr Mawr,
Legend of the Rose of the Alhambra.FOR SOME time after the surrender of Granada by the Moors, thatdelightful city was a frequent and favorite residence of the Spanishsovereigns, until they were frightened away by successive shocks ofearthquakes, which toppled down various houses, and made the oldMoslem towers rock to their foundation.Many, many years then rolled away, during which Granada was rarelyhonored by a royal guest. The palaces of the nobility remained...
(十四)精灵-马瑞芳 主讲人简介: 内容简介: 蒲松龄写妖精,他的艺术创造就是他有一个拿手好戏,他特别擅长塑造亦物亦人、亦妖亦人,就是他把这种生灵原有的那种生物性和人的个性结合起来,使得我们觉得这是一个平常的人,她不会是妖精。我们在看这些故事的时候,我们感受的是人世间的穷通祸福,现实生活当中的爱恨情仇。 吴组缃教授写过这样两句诗:“虫鸟花卉畜与鱼,百千情态足愉娱。”什么意思?《聊斋志异》的精灵是由虫、鸟、花、木、水族、走兽幻化而成的人,这些千姿百态的生物和人的个性,结合成一些特殊的形象,构成了脍炙人口的童话故事,是倍受各阶层、各个知识结构读者欢迎的成人童话,给我们带来阅读惊喜,阅读快乐,所以就使得《聊斋志异》有着日久弥新的永恒生命力,也使得研究者能够不断地发现新意。...