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war of the classes(竣雫況尸)-及12何蛍

弌傍�� war of the classes(竣雫況尸) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




federations�察�associations�察�and trusts are nothing more nor less than unions。 

They      are   organized      to  destroy     scabbing     amongst      themselves       and   to 

encourage   scabbing   amongst   others。   For   this   reason   they   pool   interests�察�

determine   prices�察  �and   present   an   unbroken   and   aggressive   front   to   the 

labor group。 

     As    has    been    said   before�察   �nobody      likes   to  play    the   compulsorily 

generous   role of   scab。   It   is   a   bad business proposition   on   the   face   of   it。 

And it is patent that there would be no capitalist scabs if there were not 

more capital than there is work for capital to do。 When there are enough 

factories     in   existence     to  supply�察   �with    occasional     stoppages�察     �a  certain 

commodity�察       �the   building    of   new    factories    by   a  rival   concern�察   �for   the 

production   of   that   commodity�察  �is   plain   advertisement   that   that   capital   is 

out of a job。 The first act of this new aggregation of capital will be to cut 

prices�察   �to   give   more    for   less��in   short   to   scab�察  �to  strike   at  the   very 

existence of the less generous aggregation of capital the work of which it 

is trying to do。 

     No   scab   capitalist   strives   to   give   more   for   less   for   any   other   reason 

than     that   he   hopes�察    �by   undercutting       a  competitor       and   driving     that 

competitor out of the market�察�to get that market and its profits for himself。 

His ambition is to achieve the day when he shall stand alone in the field 

both as buyer and seller��when he will be the royal non´scab�察�buying most 

for   least�察  �selling   least   for   most�察  �and   reducing   all   about   him�察  �the   small 

buyers and sellers�察。�the consumers and the laborers���察�to a general condition 



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of   scabdom。   This�察  �for   example�察  �has   been   the   history   of   Mr。   Rockefeller 

and     the   Standard     Oil   Company。       Through      all  the   sordid    villanies    of 

scabdom he has passed�察�until today he is a most regal non´scab。 However�察�

to continue in this enviable position�察�he must be prepared at a moment's 

notice to go scabbing again。 And he is prepared。 Whenever a competitor 

arises�察�Mr。 Rockefeller changes about from giving least for most and gives 

most   for   least   with   such   a   vengeance   as   to   drive   the   competitor   out   of 

existence。 

     The     banded      capitalists    discriminate      against    a  scab    capitalist    by 

refusing   him   trade   advantages�察  �and   by   combining   against   him   in   most 

relentless     fashion。    The    banded     laborers�察  �discriminating       against   a   scab 

laborer in more primitive fashion�察�with a club�察�are no more merciless than 

the banded capitalists。 

     Mr。   Casson   tells   of   a   New   York   capitalist   who   withdrew   from   the 

Sugar      Union     several    years    ago   and    became     a   scab。   He    was    worth 

something like twenty millions of dollars。 But the Sugar Union�察�standing 

shoulder   to   shoulder   with   the   Railroad   Union   and   several   other   unions�察�

beat him to his knees till he cried�察 �Enough。; So frightfully did they beat 

him that he was obliged to turn over to his creditors his home�察�his chickens�察�

and his gold watch。 In point of fact�察�he was as thoroughly bludgeoned by 

the Federation of Capitalist Unions as ever scab workman was bludgeoned 

by   a   labor   union。   The   intent   in   either   case   is   the   same��to   destroy   the 

scab's producing power。 The labor scab with concussion of the brain is put 

out of   business�察�and so is the capitalist scab who   has lost   all his dollars 

down to his chickens and his watch。 

     But the role of scab passes beyond the individual。 Just as individuals 

scab   on   other   individuals�察  �so   do   groups   scab   on   other   groups。  And   the 

principle involved is precisely the same as in the case of the simple labor 

scab。 A group�察�in the nature of its organization�察�is often compelled to give 

most for least�察�and�察�so doing�察�to strike at the life of another group。 At the 

present   moment   all   Europe   is   appalled by  that   colossal scab�察  �the   United 

States。     And    Europe     is  clamorous      with    agitation    for   a  Federation      of 

National Unions to protect her from the United States。 It may be remarked�察�

in passing�察�that in its prime essentials this agitation in no wise differs from 



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the trade´union agitation among workmen in any industry。 The trouble is 

caused      by   the  scab    who    is  giving    most    for  least。   The    result   of  the 

American scab's nefarious actions will be to strike at the food and shelter 

of   Europe。   The   way   for   Europe   to   protect   herself   is   to   quit   bickering 

among her parts and to form a union against the scab。 And if the union is 

formed�察  �armies   and   navies   may   be   expected   to   be   brought   into   play   in 

fashion similar to the bricks and clubs in ordinary labor struggles。 

     In   this   connection�察  �and   as   one   of   many   walking   delegates   for   the 

nations�察  �M。   Leroy´Beaulieu�察  �the   noted   French   economist�察  �may   well   be 

quoted。   In   a   letter   to   the   Vienna   Tageblatt�察  �he   advocates   an   economic 

alliance   among   the   Continental   nations   for   the   purpose   of   barring   out 

American   goods�察  �an   economic   alliance�察  �in   his   own   language�察   �WHICH 

MAY   POSSIBLY  AND   DESIRABLY   DEVELOP   INTO  A  POLITICAL 

ALLIANCE。; 

     It will be noted�察�in the utterances of the Continental walking delegates�察�

that�察 �one   and   all�察 �they  leave   England out   of   the   proposed   union。 And   in 

England herself the feeling is growing that her days are numbered if she 

cannot   unite   for   offence   and   defence   with   the   great American   scab。   As 

Andrew Carnegie said some time ago�察 �The only course for Great Britain 

seems   to   be   reunion   with   her   grandchild   or   sure   decline   to   a   secondary 

place�察�and then   to comparative insignificance  in   the future  annals   of  the 

English´ speaking race。; 

     Cecil Rhodes�察�speaking of what would have obtained but for the pig´ 

headedness of George III�察�and of what will obtain when England and the 

United   States   are   united�察 �said�察   �NO   CANNON   WOULD。   。   。   BE   FIRED 

ON       EITHER        HEMISPHERE             BUT      BY     PERMISSION            OF     THE 

ENGLISH   RACE。;   It   would   seem   that   England�察  �fronted   by   the   hostile 

Continental   Union   and   flanked   by  the   great American   scab�察  �has   nothing 

left   but   to   join   with   the   scab   and   play   the   historic   labor   role   of   armed 

Pinkerton。 Granting the words of Cecil Rhodes�察�the United States would 

be enabled to scab without let or hindrance on Europe�察�while England�察�as 

professional strike´breaker and policeman�察�destroyed the unions and kept 

order。 

     All this may appear fantastic and erroneous�察�but there is in it a soul of 



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truth    vastly   more    significant    than   it  may    seem。    Civilization     may    be 

expressed      today   in   terms   of  trade´unionism。       Individual    struggles    have 

largely   passed   away�察  �but   group´struggles   increase   prodigiously。 And   the 

things for which the groups struggle are the same as of old。 Shorn of all 

subtleties   and   complexities�察  �the   chief   struggle   of   men�察  �and   of   groups   of 

men�察�is for food and shelter。 And�察�as of old they struggled with tooth and 

nail�察�so today they struggle with teeth and nails elongated into armies and 

navies�察�machines�察�and economic advantages。 

     Under the definition that a scab is ONE WHO GIVES MORE VALUE 

FOR THE SAME PRICE THAN ANOTHER�察�it would seem that society 

can   be   generally   divided   into   the   two   classes   of   the   scabs   and   the   non´ 

scabs。 But on closer investigation�察�however�察�it will be seen that the non´ 

scab   is   a   vanishing   quantity。   In   the   social   jungle�察  �everybody   is   preying 

upon everybody else。 As in the case of Mr。 Rockefeller�察�he who was a scab 

yesterday is a non´scab today�察�and tomorrow may be a scab again。 

     The   woman   stenographer   or   book´keeper   who   receives   forty   dollars 

per   month   where   a   man   was   receiving   seventy´five   is   a   scab。   So   is   the 

woman who does a man's work at a weaving´machine�察�and the child who 

goes into the mill or factory。 And the father�察�who is scabbed out of work 

by the wives and children of other men�察�sends his own wife and children 

to scab in order to save himself。 

     When a publisher offers an author better royalties than other publishers 

have   been   paying   him�察  �he   is   scabbing      on   those   other   publishers。   The 

reporter on a newspaper�察�who feels he should be receiving a larger salary 

for his work�察�says so�察�and is shown the door�察�is replaced by a reporter who 

is a scab�察�whereupon�察�when the belly´need presses�察�the displaced reporter 

goes   to   another   paper   and   scabs   himself。   The   minister   who   hardens   his 

heart to a call�察�and waits for a certain congregation to offer him say 500 a 

year    more�察   �often    finds   himself    scabbed     upon     by   another    and   more 

impecunious   minister�察  �and   the   next   time   it   is   

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