war of the classes(竣雫況尸)-及6何蛍
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
them to revolt。
This revolt�察�appearing spontaneously all over the industrial field in the
form of demands for an increased share of the joint product�察 �is being
carefully and shrewdly shaped for a political assault upon society。 The
leaders�察�with the carelessness of fatalists�察�do not hesitate for an instant to
publish their intentions to the world。 They intend to direct the labor revolt
to the capture of the political machinery of society。 With the political
machinery once in their hands�察�which will also give them the control of the
police�察 �the army�察 �the navy�察 �and the courts�察 �they will confiscate�察 �with or
without remuneration�察�all the possessions of the capitalist class which are
used in the production and distribution of the necessaries and luxuries of
life。 By this�察�they mean to apply the law of eminent domain to the land�察�
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and to extend the law of eminent domain till it embraces the mines�察�the
factories�察 �the railroads�察 �and the ocean carriers。 In short�察 �they intend to
destroy present´day society�察 �which they contend is run in the interest of
another class�察 �and from the materials to construct a new society�察 �which
will be run in their interest。
On the other hand�察�the capitalist class is beginning to grow conscious
of itself and of the struggle which is being waged。 It is already forming
offensive and defensive leagues�察�while some of the most prominent figures
in the nation are preparing to lead it in the attack upon socialism。
The question to be solved is not one of Malthusianism�察 �projected
efficiency�察─�nor ethics。 It is a question of might。 Whichever class is to win�察�
will win by virtue of superior strength�察�for the workers are beginning to
say�察�as they said to Mr。 Cunniff�察 �Malthus be damned。; In their own minds
they find no sanction for continuing the individual struggle for the survival
of the fittest。 As Mr。 Gompers has said�察�they want more�察 �and more�察 �and
more。 The ethical import of Mr。 Kidd's plan of the present generation
putting up with less in order that race efficiency may be projected into a
remote future�察 �has no bearing upon their actions。 They refuse to be the
;glad perishers; so glowingly described by Nietzsche。
It remains to be seen how promptly the capitalist class will respond to
the call to arms。 Upon its promptness rests its existence�察�for if it sits idly
by�察�soothfully proclaiming that what ought not to be cannot be�察�it will find
the roof beams crashing about its head。 The capitalist class is in the
numerical minority�察�and bids fair to be outvoted if it does not put a stop to
the vast propaganda being waged by its enemy。 It is no longer a question
of whether or not there is a class struggle。 The question now is�察�what will
be the outcome of the class struggle�拭�
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THE TRAMP
Mr。 Francis O'Neil�察 �General Superintendent of Police�察 �Chicago�察�
speaking of the tramp�察�says�此 �Despite the most stringent police regulations�察�
a great city will have a certain number of homeless vagrants to shelter
through the winter。; ;Despite�察�mark the word�察�a confession of organized
helplessness as against unorganized necessity。 If police regulations are
stringent and yet fail�察�then that which makes them fail�察�namely�察�the tramp�察�
must have still more stringent reasons for succeeding。 This being so�察 �it
should be of interest to inquire into these reasons�察�to attempt to discover
why the nameless and homeless vagrant sets at naught the right arm of the
corporate power of our great cities�察�why all that is weak and worthless is
stronger than all that is strong and of value。
Mr。 O'Neil is a man of wide experience on the subject of tramps。 He
may be called a specialist。 As he says of himself�此 �As an old´time desk
sergeant and police captain�察 �I have had almost unlimited opportunity to
study and analyze this class of floating population�察�which seeks the city in
winter and scatters abroad through the country in the spring。; He then
continues�此 �This experience reiterated the lesson that the vast majority of
these wanderers are of the class with whom a life of vagrancy is a chosen
means of living without work。; Not only is it to be inferred from this that
there is a large class in society which lives without work�察�for Mr。 O'Neil's
testimony further shows that this class is forced to live without work。
He says�此 �I have been astonished at the multitude of those who have
unfortunately engaged in occupations which practically force them to
become loafers for at least a third of the year。 And it is from this class that
the tramps are largely recruited。 I recall a certain winter when it seemed to
me that a large portion of the inhabitants of Chicago belonged to this army
of unfortunates。 I was stationed at a police station not far from where an
ice harvest was ready for the cutters。 The ice company advertised for
helpers�察�and the very night this call appeared in the newspapers our station
was packed with homeless men�察�who asked shelter in order to be at hand
for the morning's work。 Every foot of floor space was given over to these
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lodgers and scores were still unaccommodated。;
And again�此 �And it must be confessed that the man who is willing to
do honest labor for food and shelter is a rare specimen in this vast army of
shabby and tattered wanderers who seek the warmth of the city with the
coming of the first snow。; Taking into consideration the crowd of honest
laborers that swamped Mr。 O'Neil's station´house on the way to the ice´
cutting�察�it is patent�察�if all tramps were looking for honest labor instead of a
small minority�察 �that the honest laborers would have a far harder task
finding something honest to do for food and shelter。 If the opinion of the
honest laborers who swamped Mr。 O'Neil's station´house were asked�察�one
could rest confident that each and every man would express a preference
for fewer honest laborers on the morrow when he asked the ice foreman
for a job。
And�察 �finally�察 �Mr。 O'Neil says�此 �The humane and generous treatment
which this city has accorded the great army of homeless unfortunates has
made it the victim of wholesale imposition�察�and this well´ intended policy
of kindness has resulted in making Chicago the winter Mecca of a vast and
undesirable floating population。; That is to say�察�because of her kindness�察�
Chicago had more than her fair share of tramps�察�because she was humane
and generous she suffered whole´sale imposition。 From this we must
conclude that it does not do to be HUMANE and GENEROUS to our
fellow´menwhen they are tramps。 Mr。 O'Neil is right�察�and that this is no
sophism it is the intention of this article�察�among other things�察�to show。
In a general way we may draw the following inferences from the
remarks of Mr。 O'Neil�此。�1�� The tramp is stronger than organized society
and cannot be put down�察。�2�� The tramp is ;shabby�察─ �tattered�察─ �homeless�察─�
;unfortunate;�察。�3�� There is a ;vast; number of tramps�察。�4�� Very few tramps
are willing to do honest work�察 。�5�� Those tramps who are willing to do
honest work have to hunt very hard to find it�察。�6�� The tramp is undesirable。
To this last let the contention be appended that the tramp is only
PERSONALLY undesirable�察�that he is NEGATIVELY desirable�察�that the
function he performs in society is a negative function�察�and that he is the
by´product of economic necessity。
It is very easy to demonstrate that there are more men than there is
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work for men to do。 For instance�察 �what would happen tomorrow if one
hundred thousand tramps should become suddenly inspired with an
overmastering desire for work�拭 �It is a fair question。 ;Go to work; is
preached to the tramp every day of his life。 The judge on the bench�察�the
pedestrian in the street�察 �the housewife at the kitchen door�察 �all unite in
advising him to go to work。 So what would happen tomorrow if one
hundred thousand tramps acted upon this advice and strenuously and
indomitably sought work�拭 �Why�察 �by the end of the week one hundred
thousand workers�察 �their places taken by the tramps�察 �would receive their
time and be ;hitting the road; for a job。
Ella Wheeler Wilcox unwittingly and uncomfortably demonstrated the
disparity between men and work。 ��1�� She made a casual reference�察�in a
newspaper column she conducts�察�to the difficulty two business men found
in obtaining good employees。 The first morning mail brought her seventy´
five applications for the position�察�and at the end of two weeks over two