battle of the books et al(慕媾)-及25何蛍
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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
memory�察�the whole company all this while in suspense�察�at length�察�says
he�察 �it is no matter�察 �and so goes on。 And�察 �to crown the business�察 �it
perhaps proveth at last a story the company hath heard fifty times before�察�
or�察�at best�察�some insipid adventure of the relater。
Another general fault in conversation is that of those who affect to
talk of themselves。 Some�察 �without any ceremony�察 �will run over the
history of their lives�察 �will relate the annals of their diseases�察 �with the
several symptoms and circumstances of them�察 �will enumerate the
hardships and injustice they have suffered in court�察 �in parliament�察�in love�察�
or in law。 Others are more dexterous�察�and with great art will lie on the
watch to hook in their own praise。 They will call a witness to remember
they always foretold what would happen in such a case�察�but none would
believe them�察�they advised such a man from the beginning�察�and told him
the consequences just as they happened�察�but he would have his own way。
Others make a vanity of telling their faults。 They are the strangest men
in the world�察�they cannot dissemble�察�they own it is a folly�察�they have lost
abundance of advantages by it�察�but�察�if you would give them the world�察�
they cannot help it�察 �there is something in their nature that abhors
insincerity and constraint�察 �with many other unsufferable topics of the
same altitude。
Of such mighty importance every man is to himself�察 �and ready to
think he is so to others�察 �without once making this easy and obvious
reflection�察�that his affairs can have no more weight with other men than
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theirs have with him�察�and how little that is he is sensible enough。
Where company hath met�察�I often have observed two persons discover
by some accident that they were bred together at the same school or
university�察 �after which the rest are condemned to silence�察 �and to listen
while these two are refreshing each other's memory with the arch tricks
and passages of themselves and their comrades。
I know a great officer of the army�察�who will sit for some time with a
supercilious and impatient silence�察�full of anger and contempt for those
who are talking�察 �at length of a sudden demand audience�察 �decide the
matter in a short dogmatical way�察 �then withdraw within himself again�察�
and vouchsafe to talk no more�察 �until his spirits circulate again to the
same point。
There are some faults in conversation which none are so subject to as
the men of wit�察�nor ever so much as when they are with each other。 If
they have opened their mouths without endeavouring to say a witty thing�察�
they think it is so many words lost。 It is a torment to the hearers�察 �as
much as to themselves�察�to see them upon the rack for invention�察�and in
perpetual constraint�察 �with so little success。 They must do something
extraordinary�察�in order to acquit themselves�察�and answer their character�察�
else the standers by may be disappointed and be apt to think them only
like the rest of mortals。 I have known two men of wit industriously
brought together�察 �in order to entertain the company�察 �where they have
made a very ridiculous figure�察 �and provided all the mirth at their own
expense。
I know a man of wit�察�who is never easy but where he can be allowed
to dictate and preside�察�he neither expecteth to be informed or entertained�察�
but to display his own talents。 His business is to be good company�察�and
not good conversation�察�and therefore he chooseth to frequent those who
are content to listen�察�and profess themselves his admirers。 And�察�indeed�察�
the worst conversation I ever remember to have heard in my life was that
at Will's coffee´house�察�where the wits�察�as they were called�察�used formerly
to assemble�察�that is to say�察�five or six men who had written plays�察�or at
least prologues�察 �or had share in a miscellany�察 �came thither�察 �and
entertained one another with their trifling composures in so important an
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air�察�as if they had been the noblest efforts of human nature�察�or that the
fate of kingdoms depended on them�察 �and they were usually attended
with a humble audience of young students from the inns of courts�察 �or the
universities�察�who�察�at due distance�察�listened to these oracles�察�and returned
home with great contempt for their law and philosophy�察�their heads filled
with trash under the name of politeness�察�criticism�察�and belles lettres。
By these means the poets�察�for many years past�察�were all overrun with
pedantry。 For�察 �as I take it�察 �the word is not properly used�察 �because
pedantry is the too front or unseasonable obtruding our own knowledge
in common discourse�察 �and placing too great a value upon it�察 �by which
definition men of the court or the army may be as guilty of pedantry as a
philosopher or a divine�察�and it is the same vice in women when they are
over copious upon the subject of their petticoats�察�or their fans�察�or their
china。 For which reason�察 �although it be a piece of prudence�察�as well as
good manners�察�to put men upon talking on subjects they are best versed
in�察�yet that is a liberty a wise man could hardly take�察�because�察�beside the
imputation of pedantry�察�it is what he would never improve by。
This great town is usually provided with some player�察 �mimic�察 �or
buffoon�察�who hath a general reception at the good tables�察 �familiar and
domestic with persons of the first quality�察�and usually sent for at every
meeting to divert the company�察�against which I have no objection。 You
go there as to a farce or a puppet´show�察�your business is only to laugh in
season�察�either out of inclination or civility�察�while this merry companion
is acting his part。 It is a business he hath undertaken�察 �and we are to
suppose he is paid for his day's work。 I only quarrel when in select and
private meetings�察�where men of wit and learning are invited to pass an
evening�察 �this jester should be admitted to run over his circle of tricks�察�
and make the whole company unfit for any other conversation�察�besides
the indignity of confounding men's talents at so shameful a rate。
Raillery is the finest part of conversation�察 �but�察 �as it is our usual
custom to counterfeit and adulterate whatever is too dear for us�察�so we
have done with this�察 �and turned it all into what is generally called
repartee�察�or being smart�察�just as when an expensive fashion cometh up�察�
those who are not able to reach it content themselves with some paltry
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imitation。 It now passeth for raillery to run a man down in discourse�察�
to put him out of countenance�察�and make him ridiculous�察�sometimes to
expose the defects of his person or understanding�察 �on all which
occasions he is obliged not to be angry�察�to avoid the imputation of not
being able to take a jest。 It is admirable to observe one who is
dexterous at this art�察�singling out a weak adversary�察�getting the laugh on
his side�察�and then carrying all before him。 The French�察 �from whom we
borrow the word�察�have a quite different idea of the thing�察�and so had we
in the politer age of our fathers。 Raillery was�察�to say something that at
first appeared a reproach or reflection�察 �but�察 �by some turn of wit
unexpected and surprising�察 �ended always in a compliment�察 �and to the
advantage of the person it was addressed to。 And surely one of the best
rules in conversation is�察�never to say a thing which any of the company
can reasonably wish we had rather left unsaid�察�nor can there anything be
well more contrary to the ends for which people meet together�察�than to
part unsatisfied with each other or themselves。
There are two faults in conversation which appear very different�察 �yet
arise from the same root�察 �and are equally blamable�察 �I mean�察 �an
impatience to interrupt others�察 �and the uneasiness of being interrupted
ourselves。 The two chief ends of conversation are�察 �to entertain and
improve those we are among�察 �or