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battle of the books et al(慕媾)-及27何蛍

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and   entertain   their   company   with   relating   of   facts   of   no   consequence�察�

nor at all out of the road of such common incidents as                 happen every day�察�

and this I have observed more frequently among                  the Scots than any other 

nation�察�who are very careful not to omit               the minutest circumstances of 

time or place�察�which kind of           discourse�察�if it were not a little relieved by 

the uncouth terms         and phrases�察�as well as accent and gesture peculiar to 

that    country�察  �would   be   hardly   tolerable。      It   is   not   a   fault   in   company 

to talk much�察�but to continue it long is certainly one�察�for�察�if the                majority 

of    those   who    are   got   together    be   naturally    silent  or    cautious�察    �the 

conversation   will   flag�察  �unless   it   be   often   renewed   by   one   among   them 



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who can start new subjects�察�provided he doth not                    dwell upon them�察�but 

leaveth room for answers and replies。 



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                             CHAPTER XVI 



                     THOUGHTS ON VARIOUS SUBJECTS。 



     WE   have   just   enough   religion   to   make   us   hate�察  �but   not   enough   to 

make us love one another。 

     Reflect on things past as wars�察�negotiations�察�factions�察�etc。              We     enter 

so little into those interests�察�that we wonder how men could                  possibly be 

so busy and concerned for things so transitory�察�look on               the present times�察�

we find the same humour�察�yet wonder not at all。 

     A  wise   man   endeavours�察  �by   considering   all   circumstances�察  �to   make 

conjectures and form conclusions�察�but the smallest accident                   intervening 

��and   in   the   course   of   affairs   it   is   impossible   to foresee   all��   does   often 

produce such turns and changes�察�that at              last he is just as much in doubt 

of events as the most ignorant and           inexperienced person。 

     Positiveness is a good quality for preachers and orators�察�because                   he 

that   would     obtrude   his   thoughts    and   reasons    upon   a  multitude�察    �will 

convince others the more�察�as he appears convinced himself。 

     How   is   it   possible   to   expect   that   mankind   will   take   advice�察  �when 

they will not so much as take warning�拭�

     I   forget   whether Advice   be   among   the   lost   things   which Aristo   says 

are to be found in the moon�察�that and Time ought to have been                  there。 

     No   preacher   is   listened   to   but   Time�察  �which   gives   us   the   same   train 

and turn of thought that older people have tried in vain to put                   into our 

heads before。 

     When   we   desire   or   solicit   anything�察  �our   minds   run   wholly   on   the 

good   side   or   circumstances   of   it�察  �when   it   is   obtained�察  �our   minds  run 

wholly on the bad ones。 

     In a glass´house the workmen often fling in a small quantity of                  fresh 

coals�察�which seems to disturb the fire�察�but very much                 enlivens it。    This 

seems to allude to a gentle stirring of the          passions�察�that the mind may not 

languish。 

     Religion     seems    to   have   grown     an   infant   with   age�察  �and   requires 



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miracles to nurse it�察�as it had in its infancy。 

     All    fits  of  pleasure    are  balanced     by   an   equal    degree    of  pain   or 

languor�察�it is like spending this year part of the next year's              revenue。 

     The latter part of a wise man's life is taken up in curing the                  follies�察�

prejudices�察�and false opinions he had contracted in the                former。 

     Would      a   writer   know     how     to   behave     himself    with    relation   to 

posterity�察�let him consider in old books what he finds that he is                    glad to 

know�察�and what omissions he most laments。 

     Whatever the poets pretend�察�it is plain they give immortality to                   none 

but   themselves�察  �it   is   Homer   and   Virgil   we   reverence   and      admire�察  �not 

Achilles     or   AEneas。      With     historians    it  is  quite   the   contrary�察     �our 

thoughts are taken up with the actions�察�persons�察�and                 events we read�察�and 

we little regard the authors。 

     When a true genius appears in the world you may know him by this 

sign�察�that the dunces are all in confederacy against him。 

     Men who possess all the advantages of life�察�are in a state where                   there 

are many accidents to disorder and discompose�察�but few to                    please them。 

     It   is  unwise     to  punish    cowards      with   ignominy�察     �for  if  they   had 

regarded that they would not have been cowards�察�death is their                        proper 

punishment�察�because they fear it most。 

     The   greatest   inventions   were   produced   in   the   times   of   ignorance�察  �as 

the    use  of   the  compass�察    �gunpowder�察      �and   printing�察  �and   by   the  dullest 

nation�察�as the Germans。 

     One     argument     to  prove    that   the  common       relations   of   ghosts   and 

spectres   are   generally   false�察  �may   be   drawn   from   the   opinion   held     that 

spirits are never seen by more than one person at a time�察�that                  is to say�察�it 

seldom happens to above one person in a company to be                      possessed with 

any high degree of spleen or melancholy。 

     I   am   apt   to   think   that�察  �in   the   day   of   Judgment�察  �there   will   be   small 

allowance given to the wise for their want of morals�察�nor to the                    ignorant 

for their want of faith�察�because both are without excuse。                     This renders 

the advantages equal of ignorance and knowledge。                    But�察   �some scruples 

in   the   wise�察  �and   some   vices   in   the   ignorant�察  �will perhaps   be   forgiven 

upon the strength of temptation to each。 



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     The   value   of   several   circumstances   in   story   lessens   very   much   by 

distance of time�察�though some minute circumstances are very                       valuable�察�

and it requires great judgment in a writer to            distinguish。 

     It is grown a word of course for writers to say�察 �This critical               age�察─�as 

divines say�察 �This sinful age。; 

     It is pleasant to observe how free the present age is in laying               taxes on 

the next。     FUTURE AGES SHALL TALK OF THIS�察�THIS SHALL BE 

FAMOUS TO ALL POSTERITY。                      Whereas their time and thoughts will 

be    taken up about present things�察�as ours are now。 

     The chameleon�察�who is said to feed upon nothing but air�察�hath�察�of                    all 

animals�察�the nimblest tongue。 

     When   a   man   is   made   a   spiritual   peer   he   loses   his   surname�察  �when   a 

temporal�察�his Christian name。 

     It   is   in   disputes   as   in   armies�察  �where   the   weaker   side   sets   up   false 

lights�察�and makes a great noise�察�to make the enemy believe them                        more 

numerous and strong than they really are。 

     Some   men�察  �under   the   notions   of   weeding   out   prejudices�察  �eradicate 

virtue�察�honesty�察�and religion。 

     In   all   well´instituted   commonwealths�察  �care   has   been   taken   to   limit 

men's possessions�察�which is done for many reasons�察�and among the                        rest�察�

for  one  which   perhaps  is   not   often   considered�此     �that   when     bounds   are 

set to men's desires�察�after they have acquired as much                   as the laws will 

permit them�察�their private interest is at an end�察           �and they have nothing to 

do but to take care of the public。 

     There are but three ways for a man to revenge himself of the                  censure 

of the world�此     �to despise it�察�to return the like�察�or to         endeavour to live so 

as to avoid it。     The first of these is usually         pretended�察�the last is almost 

impossible�察�the universal practice is           for the second。 

     I  never    heard   a  finer   piece   of  satire   against   lawyers    than   that  of 

astrologers�察�when they pretend by rules of art to tell when a suit                will end�察�

and whether to the advantage of the plaintiff or               defendant�察�thus making 

the   matter   depend   entirely   upon   the    influence   of   the   stars�察  �without   the 

least regard to the merits of        the cause。 

     The expression in Apocrypha about Tobit and his dog following him I 



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have     often    heard     ridiculed�察   �yet   Homer      has    the   same     words     of 

Telemachus        more    than    once�察   �and   Virgil   says    something      like  it  of 

Evander。      And I take the book of Tobit to be partly poetical。 

     I have known some men possessed of good qualities�察�which were very 

serviceable   to   others�察  �but   useless   to   themselves�察  �like   a   sun´dial  on   the 

front of   a  house�察  �to inform  the  neighbours   and  passengers�察          �but   not   the 

ow

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