伊浪窮徨慕 > 将砿凪麿窮徨慕 > russia in 1919(1919議躯忽) >

及13何蛍

russia in 1919(1919議躯忽)-及13何蛍

弌傍�� russia in 1919(1919議躯忽) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




Bulletin is published three times weekly�察�containing the programmes of all 

the theatres and occasional articles on theatrical subjects。            I had been told 

in Stockholm that the Moscow theatres were closed。                The following is an 

incomplete list of the plays and spectacles to be seen at various theatres on 

February 13 and February 14�察�copied from the Theatrical Bulletin of those 

dates。    Just   as   it   would   be   interesting   to   know   what   French   audiences 

enjoyed at the time of the French revolution�察�so I think it worth while to 

record the character of the entertainments at present popular in Moscow。 

       Opera    at  the   Great   Theatre。;Sadko;       by   Rimsky´Korsakov         and 

;Samson and Delilah; by Saint´Saens。 

       Small State Theatre。;Besheny Dengi; by Ostrovsky and ;Starik; by 

Gorky。 

       Moscow Art Theatre。 ;The Cricket on the Hearth; by Dickens and 

;The Death of Pazuchin; by Saltykov´Shtchedrin。 

       Opera。 ;Selo Stepantchiko; and ;Coppellia。; 

       People's    Palace。;Dubrovsky;         by   Napravnik      and   ;Demon;       by 

Rubinstein。 

       Zamoskvoretzky Theatre。;Groza; by Ostrovsky and ;Meshitchane; 

by Gorky。 

       Popular Theatre。; The Miracle of Saint�察�Anthony; by Maeterlinck。 


´ Page 52´

                                        RUSSIA IN 1919 



       Komissarzhevskaya   Theatre。;A  Christmas   Carol;   by   Dickens   and 

;The Accursed Prince; by Remizov。 

       Korsh Theatre。;Much Ado about Nothing; by Shakespeare and ;Le 

Misanthrope; and ;Georges Dandin; by Moli=8Are。 

       Dramatic Theatre。;Alexander I; by Merezhkovsky。 

       Theatre of Drama and Comedy。 ;Little Dorrit; by Dickens and ;The 

King's Barber; by Lunacharsky。 

       Besides     these�察  �other   theatres    were    playing    K。   R。   ��Konstantin 

Romanov���察�Ostrovsky�察�Potapenko�察�Vinitchenko�察�etc。                  The two Studios of 

the Moscow Art Theatre were playing ;Rosmersholm; and a repertoire of 

short plays。     They�察�like the Art Theatre Company�察�occasionally play in the 

suburban theatres when their place at home is taken by other performers。 

       I  went   to   the  Great   State   Theatre    to  Saint´Saens'     ;Samson     and 

Delilah。; I had a seat in the box close above the orchestra�察�from which I 

could obtain a view equally good of the stage and of the house。 Indeed�察�the 

view was rather better of the house than of the stage。                But that was as I 

had wished�察�for the house was what I had come to see。 

       It   had   certainly   changed   greatly   since   the   pre´revolutionary   period。 

The Moscow plutocracy of bald merchants and bejewelled fat wives had 

gone。     Gone with them were evening dresses and white shirt fronts。                 The 

whole     audience     was   in  the  monotone      of  everyday     clothes。   The    only 

contrast was given by a small group of Tartar women in the dress circle�察�

who were shawled in white over head and shoulders�察�in the Tartar fashion。 

There were many soldiers�察�and numbers of men who had obviously come 

straight    from   their  work。    There     were    a  good   many    grey   and   brown 

woollen   jerseys   about�察  �and   people   were   sitting   in   overcoats   of   all   kinds 

and ages�察�for the theatre was very cold。 ��This�察�of course�察�was due to lack of 

fuel�察  �which   may   in   the   long   run   lead   to   a   temporary   stoppage   of   the 

theatres   if   electricity   cannot   be   spared   for   lighting   them。��   The   orchestra 

was also variously dressed。         Most of the players of brass instruments had 

evidently been in regimental bands during the war�察�and still retained their 

khaki´green tunics with a very mixed collection of trousers and breeches。 

Others   were   in   every   kind   of   everyday   clothes。     The   conductor   alone 

wore a frock coat�察�and sat in his place like a specimen from another age�察�


´ Page 53´

                                          RUSSIA IN 1919 



isolated in fact by his smartness alike from his ragged orchestra and from 

the stalls behind him。 

       I looked carefully to see the sort of people who fill the stalls under 

the   new   regime�察  �and   decided   that   there   has   been   a   general   transfer   of 

brains from the gallery to the floor of the house。              The same people who in 

the   old   days   scraped   kopecks   and   waited   to   get   a   good   place   near   the 

ceiling now sat where formerly were the people who came here to digest 

their dinners。      Looking from face to face that night I thought there were 

very few people in the theatre who had had anything like a good dinner to 

digest。     But�察�as for their keenness�察�I can imagine few audiences to which�察�

from   the   actor's   point   of   view�察  �it   would   be   better   worth   while   to   play。 

Applause�察�like brains�察�had come down from the galleries。 

       Of   the   actual   performance   I   have   little   to   say   except   that   ragged 

clothes and empty stomachs seemed to make very little difference to the 

orchestra。      Helzer�察  �the   ballerina�察  �danced as   well   before   this   audience   as 

ever   before   the   bourgeoisie。        As   I   turned   up   the   collar   of   my   coat   I 

reflected     that  the   actors   deserved      all  the  applause     they   got   for   their 

heroism in playing in such cold。 Now and then during the evening I was 

unusually conscious of the unreality of opera generally�察�perhaps because 

of    the   contrast    in  magnificence       between      the   stage    and   the   shabby�察�

intelligent     audience。      Now      and    then�察  �on   the   other    hand�察   �stage   and 

audience seemed one and indivisible。               For ;Samson and Delilah; is itself 

a poem of revolution�察�and gained enormously by being played by people 

every one of whom had seen something of the sort in real life。                      Samson's 

stirring up of the Israelites reminded me of many scenes in Petrograd in 

1917�察    �and    when�察   �at  last�察 �he   brings   the   temple    down     in  ruins   on   his 

triumphant enemies�察�I was reminded of the words attributed to Trotsky�此� 

;If we are�察�in the end�察�forced to go�察�we shall slam the door behind us in 

such away that the echo shall be felt throughout the world。; 

       Going   home   afterwards   through   the   snow�察  �I   did   not   see   a   single 

armed man。        A year ago the streets were deserted after ten in the evening 

except by those who�察�like myself�察�had work which took them to meetings 

and   such   things   late   at   night。    They   used   to   be   empty   except   for   the 

military     pickets    round    their   log´fires。    Now      they    were    full  of  foot´ 


´ Page 54´

                                   RUSSIA IN 1919 



passengers going home from the theatres�察�utterly forgetful of the fact that 

only twelve months before they had thought the streets of Moscow unsafe 

after dark。   There could be no question about it。 The revolution is settling 

down�察�and people now think of other matters than the old question�察�will it 

last one week or two�拭�


´ Page 55´

                                        RUSSIA IN 1919 



         THE COMMITTEE OF STATE 

                     CONSTRUCTIONS 



     February 15th。 

       I went by appointment to see Pavlovitch�察�President of the Committee 

of State Constructions。         It was a very jolly morning and the streets were 

crowded。       As   I   walked through   the   gate   into  the   Red   Square   I   saw   the 

usual   crowd   of   peasant   women   at   the   little   chapel of   the   Iberian Virgin�察�

where there was a blaze of candles。            On the wall of what used�察�I think�察�to 

be   the   old   town   hall�察  �close   by   the   gate�察  �some   fanatic   agnostic   has   set   a 

white   inscription   on   a   tablet�察   �Religion   is   opium   for   the   People。;   The 

tablet�察  �which    has   been   there   a  long   time�察  �is  in  shape   not   unlike   the 

customary   frame   for   a   sacred   picture。     I   saw   an   old   peasant�察  �evidently 

unable to read�察�cross himself solemnly before the chapel�察�and then�察�turning 

to the left�察�cross himself as solemnly before this anti´religious inscription。 

It   is   perhaps   worth   while   to   remark   in   passing   that the   new   Communist 

programme�察�while insisting�察�as before�察�on the definite separation of church 

and   state�察  �and   church   and   school�察  �now   includes   the   particular   statement 

that ;care should be taken in no way to hurt the feelings of the religious。; 

Churches and chapels are open�察�church processions take place as before�察�

and Moscow�察�as in the old days�察�is still a city of church bells。 

       A   long   line  of  sledges    with   welcome     bags    of  flour  was    passing 

through the square。        Soldiers of the Red Army were coming off parade�察�

laughing   and   talking�察  �and   very   noticeably   smarter   than   the   men   of   six 

months ago。       There was a bright clear sky behind the fantastic Cathedral 

of St。 Basil�察�and the rough graves under the Kremlin wall�察�where those are 

buried who died in the fighting at the time of the November Revolution�察�

have    been     tidied   up。   There     was    scaffolding    round    the  gate   of  the 

Kremlin which was damaged at that time and is being carefully repaired。 

     The    Committee      of  State   Constructions      was   founded    last  spring    to 

coordinate      the    management        of  the    various    engineering      and    other 

constructive works previously carried on by independent departments。                      It 


´ Page 56´

                                        RUSSIA IN 1919 



became an independent organ with its own finances about the middle of

卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��1�� 家��1��

低辛嬬浪散議