russia in 1919(1919議躯忽)-及5何蛍
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
equitable distribution of the inadequate stocks。 My greatest surprise was
given me by the Metropole itself�察 �because the old wounds of the
revolution�察�which were left unhealed all last summer�察�the shell´holes and
bullet splashes which marked it when I was here before�察 �have been
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repaired。
Litvinov had given me a letter to Karakhan of the Commissariat of
Foreign Affairs�察�asking him to help me in getting a room。 I found him at
the Metropole�察 �still smoking as it were the cigar of six months ago。
Karakhan�察 �a handsome Armenian�察 �elegantly bearded and moustached�察�
once irreverently described by Radek as ;a donkey of classical beauty�察─�
who has consistently used such influence as he has in favour of
moderation and agreement with the Allies�察�greeted me very cordially�察�and
told me that the foreign visitors were to be housed in the Kremlin。 I told
him I should much prefer to live in an hotel in the ordinary way�察�and he at
once set about getting a room for me。 This was no easy business�察�though
he obtained an authorization from Sverdlov�察 �president of the executive
committee�察�for me to live where I wished�察�in the Metropole or the National�察�
which are mostly reserved for Soviet delegates�察�officials and members of
the Executive Committee。 Both were full�察�and he finally got me a room
in the old Loskutnaya Hotel�察 �now the Red Fleet�察 �partially reserved for
sailor delegates and members of the Naval College。
Rooms are distributed on much the same plan as clothes。 Housing is
considered a State monopoly�察 �and a general census of housing
accommodation has taken place。 In every district there are housing
committees to whom people wanting rooms apply。 They work on the
rough and ready theory that until every man has one room no one has a
right to two。 An Englishman acting as manager of works near Moscow
told me that part of his house had been allotted to workers in his factory�察�
who�察�however�察�were living with him amicably�察�and had�察�I think�察�allowed
him to choose which rooms he should concede。 This plan has�察�of course�察�
proved very hard on house´owners�察 �and in some cases the new tenants
have made a horrible mess of the houses�察 �as might�察 �indeed�察 �have been
expected�察�seeing that they had previously been of those who had suffered
directly from the decivilizing influences of overcrowding。 After talking
for some time we went round the corner to the Commissariat for Foreign
Affairs�察�where we found Chicherin who�察�I thought�察�had aged a good deal
and was ��though this was perhaps his manner�� less cordial than Karakhan。
He asked about England�察 �and I told him Litvinov knew more about that
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than I�察�since he had been there more recently。 He asked what I thought
would be the effect of his Note with detailed terms published that day。 I
told him that Litvinov�察 �in an interview which I had telegraphed�察 �had
mentioned somewhat similar terms some time before�察�and that personally I
doubted whether the Allies would at present come to any agreement with
the Soviet Government�察 �but that�察 �if the Soviet Government lasted�察 �my
personal opinion was that the commercial isolation of so vast a country as
Russia could hardly be prolonged indefinitely on that account alone。 ��For
the general attitude to that Note�察�see page 44。��
I then met Voznesensky ��Left Social Revolutionary���察�of the Oriental
Department�察�bursting with criticism of the Bolshevik attitude towards his
party。 He secured a ticket for me to get dinner in the Metropole。 This
ticket I had to surrender when I got a room in the National。 The dinner
consisted of a plate of soup�察�and a very small portion of something else。
There are National Kitchens in different parts of the town supplying
similar meals。 Glasses of weak tea were sold at 30 kopecks each�察�
without sugar。 My sister had sent me a small bottle of saccharine just
before I left Stockholm�察�and it was pathetic to see the childish delight with
which some of my friends drank glasses of sweetened tea。
〃From the Metropole I went to the Red Fleet to get my room fixed up。
Six months ago there were comparatively clean rooms here�察�but the sailors
have demoralized the hotel and its filth is indescribable。 There was no
heating and very little light。 A samovar left after the departure of the last
visitor was standing on the table�察�together with some dirty curl´papers and
other rubbish。 I got the waiter to clean up more or less�察 �and ordered a
new samovar。 He could not supply spoon�察�knife�察�or fork�察�and only with
great difficulty was persuaded to lend me glasses。
The telephone�察�however�察�was working�察�and after tea I got into touch
with Madame Radek�察 �who had moved from the Metropole into the
Kremlin。 I had not yet got a pass to the Kremlin�察�so she arranged to meet
me and get a pass for me from the Commandant。 I walked through the
snow to the white gate at the end of the bridge which leads over the garden
up a steep incline to the Kremlin。 Here a fire of logs was burning�察�and
three soldiers were sitting around it。 Madame Radek was waiting for me�察�
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warming her hands at the fire�察�and we went together into the citadel of the
republic。
A meeting of the People's Commissars was going on in the Kremlin�察�
and on an open space under the ancient churches were a number of motors
black on the snow。 We turned to the right down the Dvortzovaya street�察�
between the old Cavalier House and the Potyeshny Palace�察 �and went in
through a door under the archway that crosses the road�察�and up some dark
flights of stairs to a part of the building that used�察�I think�察�to be called the
Pleasure Palace。 Here�察 �in a wonderful old room�察 �hung with Gobelins
tapestries absolutely undamaged by the revolution�察 �and furnished with
carved chairs�察 �we found the most incongruous figure of the old Swiss
internationalist�察�Karl Moor�察�who talked with affection of Keir Hardie and
of Hyndman�察 �in the days when he was a socialist�察─�and was disappointed
to find that I knew so little about them。 Madame Radek asked�察�of course�察�
for the latest news of Radek�察 �and I told her that I had read in the
Stockholm papers that he had gone to Brunswick�察 �and was said to be
living in the palace there。* �В�*��It was not till later that we learned he had
returned to Berlin�察�been arrested�察�and put in prison。�А �She feared he might
have been in Bremen when that town was taken by the Government troops�察�
and did not believe he would ever get back to Russia。 She asked me�察�did I
not feel already ��as indeed I did�� the enormous difference which the last
six months had made in strengthening the revolution。 I asked after old
acquaintances�察 �and learnt that Pyatakov�察 �who�察 �when I last saw him�察 �was
praying that the Allies should give him machine rifles to use against the
Germans in the Ukraine�察 �had been the first President of the Ukrainian
Soviet Republic�察�but had since been replaced by Rakovsky。 It had been
found that the views of the Pyatakov government were further left than
those of its supporters�察�and so Pyatakov had given way to Rakovsky who
was better able to conduct a more moderate policy。 The Republic had
been proclaimed in Kharkov�察�but at that time Kiev was still in the hands of
the Directorate。
That night my room in the Red Fleet was so cold that I went to bed in
a sheepskin coat under rugs and all possible bedclothes with a mattress on
the top。 Even so I slept very badly。
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The next day I spent in vain wrestlings to get a better room。 Walking
about the town I found it dotted with revolutionary sculptures�察�some very
bad�察 �others interesting�察 �all done in some haste and set up for the
celebrations of the anniversary of the revolution last November。 The
painters also had been turned loose to do what they could with the
hoardings�察 �and though the weather had damaged many of their pictures�察�
enough was left to show what an extraordinary carnival that had been。
Where a hoarding ran along the front of a house being repaired the
painters had used the whole of it as a vast canvas on which they had
painted huge symbolic pictures of the revolution。 A whole block in the
Tverskaya was so decorated。 Best�察 �I think�察 �were the row of wooden
booths almost opposite the Hotel National in the Okhotnia Ryadi。 These
had been painted by the futurists or kindred artists�察 �and made a really
delightful effect�察�their bright colours and