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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
which is not desirable that the general public should approach without
circumspection。
At this period�察�square houses were still everywhere permitted�察�though
discouraged by a special tax。 But�察 �about three centuries afterwards�察 �the
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Law decided that in all towns containing a population above ten thousand�察�
the angle of a Pentagon was the smallest house´angle that could be
allowed consistently with the public safety。 The good sense of the
community has seconded the efforts of the Legislature�察�and now�察�even in
the country�察�the pentagonal construction has superseded every other。 It is
only now and then in some very remote and backward agricultural district
that an antiquarian may still discover a square house。
SECTION 3 Concerning the Inhabitants of
Flatland
The greatest length or breadth of a full grown inhabitant of Flatland
may be estimated at about eleven of your inches。 Twelve inches may be
regarded as a maximum。
Our Women are Straight Lines。
Our Soldiers and Lowest Class of Workmen are Triangles with two
equal sides�察 �each about eleven inches long�察 �and a base or third side so
short ��often not exceeding half an inch�� that they form at their vertices a
very sharp and formidable angle。 Indeed when their bases are of the most
degraded type ��not more than the eighth part of an inch in size���察�they can
hardly be distinguished from Straight lines or Women�察 �so extremely
pointed are their vertices。 With us�察 �as with you�察 �these Triangles are
distinguished from others by being called Isosceles�察 �and by this name I
shall refer to them in the following pages。
Our Middle Class consists of Equilateral or Equal´Sided Triangles。
Our Professional Men and Gentlemen are Squares ��to which class I
myself belong�� and Five´Sided Figures or Pentagons。
Next above these come the Nobility�察�of whom there are several degrees�察�
beginning at Six´Sided Figures�察 �or Hexagons�察 �and from thence rising in
the number of their sides till they receive the honourable title of Polygonal�察�
or many´Sided。 Finally when the number of the sides becomes so
numerous�察 �and the sides themselves so small�察 �that the figure cannot be
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distinguished from a circle�察�he is included in the Circular or Priestly order�察�
and this is the highest class of all。
It is a Law of Nature with us that a male child shall have one more
side than his father�察�so that each generation shall rise ��as a rule�� one step in
the scale of development and nobility。 Thus the son of a Square is a
Pentagon�察�the son of a Pentagon�察�a Hexagon�察�and so on。
But this rule applies not always to the Tradesman�察�and still less often
to the Soldiers�察 �and to the Workmen�察 �who indeed can hardly be said to
deserve the name of human Figures�察 �since they have not all their sides
equal。 With them therefore the Law of Nature does not hold�察�and the son
of an Isosceles ��i。e。 a Triangle with two sides equal�� remains Isosceles still。
Nevertheless�察 �all hope is not such out�察 �even from the Isosceles�察 �that his
posterity may ultimately rise above his degraded condition。 For�察 �after a
long series of military successes�察 �or diligent and skillful labours�察 �it is
generally found that the more intelligent among the Artisan and Soldier
classes manifest a slight increase of their third side or base�察 �and a
shrinkage of the two other sides。 Intermarriages ��arranged by the Priests��
between the sons and daughters of these more intellectual members of the
lower classes generally result in an offspring approximating still more to
the type of the Equal´Sided Triangle。
Rarelyin proportion to the vast numbers of Isosceles births is a
genuine and certifiable Equal´Sided Triangle produced from Isosceles
parents ��footnote 1��。 Such a birth requires�察�as its antecedents�察�not only a
series of carefully arranged intermarriages�察 �but also a long´continued
exercise of frugality and self´control on the part of the would´be ancestors
of the coming Equilateral�察 �and a patient�察 �systematic�察 �and continuous
development of the Isosceles intellect through many generations。
The birth of a True Equilateral Triangle from Isosceles parents is the
subject of rejoicing in our country for many furlongs round。 After a strict
examination conducted by the Sanitary and Social Board�察 �the infant�察 �if
certified as Regular�察�is with solemn ceremonial admitted into the class of
Equilaterals。 He is then immediately taken from his proud yet sorrowing
parents and adopted by some childless Equilateral�察�who is bound by oath
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never to permit the child henceforth to enter his former home or so much
as to look upon his relations again�察 �for fear lest the freshly developed
organism may�察�by force of unconscious imitation�察�fall back again into his
hereditary level。
The occasional emergence of an Equilateral from the ranks of his serf´
born ancestors is welcomed�察�not only by the poor serfs themselves�察�as a
gleam of light and hope shed upon the monotonous squalor of their
existence�察�but also by the Aristocracy at large�察�for all the higher classes are
well aware that these rare phenomena�察 �while they do little or nothing to
vulgarize their own privileges�察 �serve as almost useful barrier against
revolution from below。
Had the acute´angled rabble been all�察 �without exception�察 �absolutely
destitute of hope and of ambition�察�they might have found leaders in some
of their many seditious outbreaks�察 �so able as to render their superior
numbers and strength too much even for the wisdom of the Circles。 But a
wise ordinance of Nature has decreed that in proportion as the working´
classes increase in intelligence�察 �knowledge�察 �and all virtue�察 �in that same
proportion their acute angle ��which makes them physically terrible�� shall
increase also and approximate to their comparatively harmless angle of the
Equilateral Triangle。 Thus�察 �in the most brutal and formidable off the
soldier class creatures almost on a level with women in their lack of
intelligence it is found that�察�as they wax in the mental ability necessary
to employ their tremendous penetrating power to advantage�察 �so do they
wane in the power of penetration itself。
How admirable is the Law of Compensation� �And how perfect a proof
of the natural fitness and�察 �I may almost say�察 �the divine origin of the
aristocratic constitution of the States of Flatland� �By a judicious use of this
Law of Nature�察�the Polygons and Circles are almost always able to stifle
sedition in its very cradle�察 �taking advantage of the irrepressible and
boundless hopefulness of the human mind。 Art also comes to the aid of
Law and Order。 It is generally found possibleby a little artificial
compression or expansion on the part of the State physiciansto make
some of the more intelligent leaders of a rebellion perfectly Regular�察�and
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to admit them at once into the privileged classes�察�a much larger number�察�
who are still below the standard�察 �allured by the prospect of being
ultimately ennobled�察�are induced to enter the State Hospitals�察�where they
are kept in honourable confinement for life�察�one or two alone of the most
obstinate�察�foolish�察�and hopelessly irregular are led to execution。
Then the wretched rabble of the Isosceles�察�planless and leaderless�察�are
ether transfixed without resistance by the small body of their brethren
whom the Chief Circle keeps in pay for emergencies of this kind�察�or else
more often�察 �by means of jealousies and suspicious skillfully fomented
among them by the Circular party�察�they are stirred to mutual warfare�察�and
perish by one another's angles。 No less than one hundred and twenty
rebellions are recorded in our annals�察�besides minor outbreaks numbered
at two hundred and thirty´five�察�and they have all ended thus。
Footnote 1。 ;What need of a certificate�拭─�a Spaceland critic may ask�此�
;Is not the procreation of a Square Son a certificate from Nature herself�察�
proving the Equal´sidedness of the Father�拭─ �I reply that no Lady of any
position will mary an uncertified Triangle。 Square offspring has sometimes
resulted from a slightly Irregular Triangle�察�but in almost every such case
the Irregularity of the first generation is visited on the third�察�which either
fails to attain the Pentagonal rank�察�or relapses to the Triangular。