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Nicolette with thee doth dwell�察�My sweet love with locks of gold�察─�

       sings Aucassin。       ;And when Nicolette heard Aucassin�察�right so came 

she  unto   him�察  �and   passed   within   the  lodge�察  �and   cast   her   arms   about   his 

neck and kissed and embraced him�此�

       ;Fair sweet friend�察�welcome be thou� ─ �And thou�察�fair sweet love�察�be 

thou welcome� ─�

       There the story should end�察�in a dream of a summer's night。                    But the 

old minstrel did not end it so�察�or some one has continued his work with a 



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heavier hand。       Aucassin rides�察�he cares not whither�察�if he has but his love 

with    him。    And     they   come     to  a  fantastic   land   of  burlesque�察    �such   as 

Pantagruel's   crew   touched   at   many   a   time。       And   Nicolette   is   taken   by 

Carthaginian pirates�察�and proves to be daughter to the King of Carthage�察�

and leaves his court and comes to Beaucaire in the disguise of a ministrel�察�

and ;journeys end in lovers' meeting。; 

     That is all the tale�察�with its gaps�察�its careless passages�察�its adventures 

that   do   not   interest   the  poet。   He     only   cares   for  youth�察  �love�察  �spring�察�

flowers�察�and the song of the birds�察�the rest�察�except the passage about the 

hind�察   �is  mere    ;business;    done    casually�察   �because    the   audience    expects 

broad jests�察 �hard blows�察 �misadventures�察�recognitions。                 What lives  is   the 

touch of poetry�察�of longing�察�of tender heart�察�of humorous resignation。                      It 

lives�察�and always must live�察 �while the nature of man is the same。;                      The 

poet hopes his tale will gladden sad men。              This service it did for M。 Bida�察�

he says�察�in the dreadful year of 1870´71�察�when he translated ;Aucassin。; 

This�察�too�察�it has done for me in days not delightful。 ��6�� 



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                PLOTINUS ��A。D。 200´262�� 



     To the Lady Violet Lebas。 

     Dear    Lady   Violet��You      are   discursive    and   desultory   enough�察    �as   a 

reader�察�to have pleased even the late Lord Iddesleigh。                 It was ;Aucassin 

and Nicolette; only a month ago�察�and to´day you have been reading Lord 

Lytton's     ;Strange    Story�察─  �I  am   sure�察  �for   you   want    information     about 

Plotinus�     �He  was   born   ��about A。D。   200�� in Wolf´  town   ��Lycopolis���察  �in 

Egypt�察�the town�察�you know�察�where the natives might not eat wolves�察�poor 

fellows�察�just as the people of Thebes might not eat sheep。                  Probably this 

prohibition caused Plotinus no regret�察�for he was a consistent vegetarian。 

     However�察�we are advancing too rapidly�察�and we must discuss Plotinus 

more in order。       His name is very dear to mystic novelists�察�like the author 

of   ;Zanoni。;      They     always    describe    their  favourite    hero   as   ;deep    in 

Plotinus or Iamblichus�察─�and I venture to think that nearly represents the 

depth of their own explorations。            We do not know exactly when Plotinus 

was   born。     Like   many   ladies   he   used   to   wrap   up   his   age   in   a   mystery�察�

observing   that   these   petty   details   about   the   body   ��a   mere   husk   of   flesh 

binding the soul�� were of no importance。 He was not weaned till he was 

eight years   old�察 �a singular  circumstance。          Having   a turn   for  philosophy�察�

he    attended    the   schools    of  Alexandria�察     �concerning     which     Kingsley's 

;Hypatia; is the most accessible authority。 

     All these anecdotes�察�I should have said�察�we learn from Porphyry�察�the 

Tyrian�察�who was a kind of Boswell to Plotinus。                The philosopher himself 

often reminds me of Dr。 Johnson�察�especially as Dr。 Johnson is described by 

Mr。   Carlyle。     Just   as   the   good   doctor   was   a   sound   Churchman   in   the 

beginning of the age of new ideas�察�so Plotinus was a sound pagan in the 

beginning of the triumph of Christianity。 

     Like Johnson�察�Plotinus was lazy and energetic and short´sighted。                    He 

wrote   a   very  large   number   of   treatises�察  �but   he   never   took   the   trouble   to 

read   through   them  when   once   they   were   written�察  �because   his   eyes   were 

weak。     He was superstitious�察�like Dr。 Johnson�察�yet he had lucid intervals 

of   common   sense�察 �when   he laughed   at the   superstitions of   his   disciples。 



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Like   Dr。   Johnson�察  �he   was   always   begirt   by   disciples�察  �men   and   women�察�

Bozzys and Thrales。         He was so full of honour and charity�察�that his house 

was crowded with persons in need of help and friendly care。                    Though he 

lived so much in the clouds and among philosophical abstractions�察�he was 

an excellent man of business。            Though a philosopher he was pious�察�and 

was     courageous�察    �dreading    the   plague    no   more    than   the  good    doctor 

dreaded the tempest that fell on him when he was voyaging to Coll。 

     You will admit that the parallel is pretty close for an historical parallel�察�

despite the differences between the ascetic of Wolf´town and the sage of 

Bolt Court�察�hard by Fleet Street� �

     To return to the education of Plotinus。           He was twenty´eight when he 

went up to the University of Alexandria。              For eleven years he diligently 

attended     the   lectures   of  Ammonius。        Then     he  went    on   the  Emperor 

Gordian's   expedition   to   the   East�察  �hoping   to   learn   the   philosophy   of   the 

Hindus。      The  Upanishads would have puzzled   Plotinus�察�had he   reached 

India�察�but   he never did。       Gordian's   army  was defeated in Mesopotamia�察�

no ;blessed word; to Gordian�察�and Plotinus hardly escaped with his life。 

He must have felt like Stendhal on the retreat from Moscow。 

     From Syria his friend and disciple Amelius led him to Rome�察�and here�察�

as   novelists   say�察   �a   curious   thing   happened。;     There   was   in   Rome   an 

Egyptian priest�察�who offered to raise up the Demon�察�or Guardian Angel�察�of 

Plotinus in visible form。        But there was only one pure spot in all Rome�察�

so said the priest�察�and this spot was the Temple of Isis。               Here the seance 

was held�察�and   no demon appeared�察 �but a regular  God of one  of the  first 

circles。    So terrified was an onlooker that he crushed to death the living 

birds which he held in his hands for some ritual or magical purpose。 

     It was a curious scene�察�a cosmopolitan confusion of Egypt�察�Rome�察�Isis�察�

table´turning�察�the late Mr。 Home�察�religion�察�and mummery�察�while Christian 

hymns of the early Church were being sung�察�perhaps in the garrets around�察�

outside   the   Temple   of   Isis。    The   discovery   that   he   had   a   god   for   his 

guardian   angel   gave   Plotinus   plenty   of   confidence   in   dealing   with   rival 

philosophers。       For    example�察    �Alexandrinus      Olympius�察     �another    mystic�察�

tried magical arts against Plotinus。          But Alexandrinus�察�suddenly doubling 

up during lecture with unaffected agony�察�cried�察 �Great virtue hath the soul 



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of Plotinus�察�for my spells have returned against myself。;                   As for Plotinus�察�

he    remarked     among      his  disciples�察    �Now     the  body   of    Alexandrinus       is 

collapsing like an empty purse。; 

     How       diverting      it   would      be�察   �Lady      Violet�察   �if    our    modern 

controversialists had those accomplishments�察�and if Mr。 Max Muller could�察�

literally�察   �double     up;    Professor     Whitney�察    �or   if  any   one    could    cause 

Peppmuller to collapse with his queer Homeric theory� �Plotinus had many 

such arts。      A piece of jewellery was stolen from one of his protegees�察�a 

lady�察   �and   he   detected    the   thief�察 �a  servant�察   �by   a  glance。    After     being 

flogged      within    an  inch    of  his   life�察 �the  servant    ��perhaps     to  save    the 

remaining inch�� confessed all。 

     Once   when   Porphyry  was   at   a   distance�察  �and   was   meditating   suicide�察�

Plotinus appeared at his side�察�saying�察 �This that thou schemest cometh not 

of   the   pure   intellect�察  �but   of   black   humours�察─  �and   so   sent   Porphyry   for 

change of air to Sicily。         This was thoroughly good advice�察�but during the 

absence of the disciple the master died。 

     Porphyry   did   not   see   the   great   snake   that   glided   into   the   wall   when 

Plotinus     expired�察    �he  only    heard    of  the   circumstance。       Plotinus's     last 

words were�此        �I am striving to release that which is divine within us�察�and 

to   merge     it  in   the  universally      divine。;     It   is  a  strange    mixture     of 

philosophy and savage survival。              The Zulus still believe that the souls of 

the dead reappear�察�like the soul of Plotinus�察�in the form of serpents。 

     Plotinus   wrote   against   the  paganizing   Christians�察  �or   Gnostics。          Like 

all   great   men�察  �he   was   accused   of   plagiarism。      A  defence   of   great   men 

accused of literary theft would be as valuable as Naude's work of a like 

name about magic。           On his death the Delphic Oracle�察�in very second´rate 

hexameters�察�declared that Plotinus had become a demon。 

     Such was the life of Plotinus�察�a man of sense and virtue�察�and so mo

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